Ultrasound and microwave-assisted preparation of Fe-activated carbon as an effective low-cost adsorbent for dyes wastewater treatment

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (82) ◽  
pp. 78936-78946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Cheng ◽  
Libo Zhang ◽  
Hongying Xia ◽  
Jinhui Peng ◽  
Jianhua Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Mb Adsorption

A and B are Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order model. We conclude that MB adsorption capacity of Fe-activated carbon is bigger than raw activated carbon, indicating that Fe-activated carbon has better MB removal efficiency.

scholarly journals Highly Effective Covalently Crosslinked Composite Alginate Cryogels for Cationic Dye Removal

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Serap Sezen ◽  
Vijay Kumar Thakur ◽  
Mehmet Murat Ozmen
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
The One

Currently, macroporous hydrogels have been receiving attention in wastewater treatment due to their unique structures. As a natural polymer, alginate is used to remove cationic dyes due to its sustainable features such as abundance, low cost, processability, and being environmentally friendly. Herein, alginate/montmorillonite composite macroporous hydrogels (cryogels) with high porosity, mechanical elasticity, and high adsorption yield for methylene blue (MB) were generated by the one-step cryogelation technique. These cryogels were synthesized by adding montmorillonite into gel precursor, followed by chemical cross-linking employing carbodiimide chemistry in a frozen state. The as-prepared adsorbents were analyzed by FT-IR, SEM, gel fraction, swelling, uniaxial compression, and MB adsorption tests. The results indicated that alginate/montmorillonite cryogels exhibited high gelation yield (up to 80%), colossal water uptake capacity, elasticity, and effective dye adsorption capacity (93.7%). Maximum adsorption capacity against MB was 559.94 mg g−1 by linear regression of Langmuir model onto experimental data. The Pseudo-Second-Order model was fitted better onto kinetic data compared to the Pseudo-First-Order model. Improved porosity and mechanical elasticity yielding enhanced dye removal capacity make them highly potential alternative adsorbents compared to available alginate/montmorillonite materials for MB removal.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Crude Oil Spill from Aqueous Solution using Agro-Wastes as Adsorbents

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-52
Author(s):  
Akinsete O. Oluwatoyin ◽  
Araoye A. Olalekan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Carbon Adsorbents ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Order Model ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Crude Oil Spill

Ever increasing and growing awareness of oil-spillage to water environment has led to the search for cost-effective unconventional remediating techniques. This study was carried out using agro-wastes (Rice Husks, Banana Peels and Groundnut Husks) adsorbents. They were activated with H3PO4 for crude oil spill removal from aqueous solution; results were analysed using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The raw agro-wastes and their activated forms were characterized by SEM. The sorption study for maximum adsorption capacity were carried out at different adsorbent concentrations, adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and rotational speed. The experimental results were analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. The maximum average adsorption capacity (qe) for raw and activated carbon adsorbents were observed in rice husks with 0.2750 and 0.3698 mg/g respectively. The Langmuir isotherm was found to well represent the measured sorption data for the raw and activated banana peel while the remaining raw and activated adsorbents followed the Temkin isotherm. The batch adsorption data on the effect of contact time were fitted into the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second order models. The banana peel data and its activated form were best described by the pseudo-second-order model indicating chemisorption process while the remaining adsorbents followed the pseudo-first-order model indicating physisorption process. The average removal efficiency of oil by the various adsorbents used increase in the order: (Raw: Banana Peels (50.4 %) < Groundnut Husks (56.8 %) < Rice Husks (74.4 %); Activated Carbon: Banana Peels (61.4 %) < Groundnut Husks (65.6 %) < Rice Husks (82.8 %)). Results of this study (high values of R2 and least values AARE and RMSE) revealed and confirmed that activated carbon adsorbents have better adsorption capacity than the raw forms to clean-up oil spills in aqueous solution.

Characterizing o- and p-nitrophenols adsorption onto innovative activated carbon prepared from date pits

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam Altaher ◽  
Andrea M. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Surface Functional Groups ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Date Pits

The production and performance of activated carbon prepared from date pits was investigated. Date pits are an abundant local waste product in many countries; converting them to a commercial product would increase the sustainability of this fruit crop. The date pit activated carbon was shown to have similar characteristics of pore size and surface functional groups as other commercial carbons. Batch experiments were conducted with o- and p-nitrophenol to evaluate the performance of this carbon. Results were analyzed according to Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherms. The adsorption capacity of o-nitrophenol was 142.9 mg/g while that of p-nitrophenol was 108.7 mg/g. The adsorption process was physical in nature. The position of the −NO2 group in the benzene ring has a considerable effect on the adsorption capacity and rate of uptake. The kinetic results showed that a pseudo second-order model appropriately describes the experimental data. The analysis of kinetic data revealed that the mechanism of adsorption is complex with both liquid film diffusion and intraparticle diffusion contributing to adsorption of both adsorbates.

Mitigating Water Pollution Using a Sustainable Biobased Low-Cost Adsorbent Derived From Mustard Straw

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Kalpana Patidar ◽  
Manish Vashishtha ◽  
Sonal Rajoria ◽  
Tarun Kumar Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
H3po4 Activation ◽  
Mb Adsorption

The present work is focussed on treating dye-laden polluted water by using a mustard straw-based activated carbon prepared using ZnCl2 and H3PO4 activation methods. The activation conditions based on the parameters reported in the literature are taken as follows: 700 °C activation temperature, impregnation ratio 2.0, and heating time 2 h. The textural and surface properties of mustard stalk activated carbon (MSAC) were studied by using SEM, nitrogen adsorption, and FT-IR, whereas its adsorption capacity was obtained using the methylene blue (MB) adsorption method. Activation of ZnCl2 and H3PO4 resulted in a BET surface area of 402 and 496 m2/g, respectively. The average pore diameter of the MSAC was found to be 2.13 and 2.59 nm for ZnCl2 and H3PO4 activation respectively. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to evaluate the equilibrium parameters of MB adsorption. The monolayer adsorption capacity of MSAC by ZnCl2 and H3PO4 for MB removal from the Langmuir model were 122.25 and 213.21 mg/g respectively. Activation with H3PO4 was found to be more effective in modifying the structure of the mustard straw when compared with ZnCl2 and also it resulted in a higher adsorption capacity of MB. The present work highlights that the MSAC produced using H3PO4 activation is a low-cost bio-based adsorbent using abundant agricultural by-product namely mustard straw, and this adsorbent can be used in numerous industrially important applications.

scholarly journals Adsorption of High Chromium Concentrations from Industrial Wastewater Using Different Agricultural Residuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-138
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Chromium Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) is a toxic material used in many industries such as tanneries and electroplating industries. Most of the previous researches studied the removal of chromium at lower concentrations up to 600 mg/L but did not tackle the behavior at higher concentrations, which resemble the real concentration of studied tanneries effluents. The present research is a comparative study of different agricultural low cost adsorbents in the removal of high Chromium concentration from industrial wastewater up to 1000 mg/L, compared to a commercial activated carbon. The tested adsorbents are (Banana Waste (BW), Sawdust (SD), Phragmites Australis (PA), Sugarcane Bagasse (SCB), Pea pod peels (PPP) and Rice straw (RS)). The materials were chemically pretreated with acid-alkali except BW was treated with acid only, to improve adsorbent metal binding capacity. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effect of pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial Chromium concentration and temperature on the removal efficiency of Chromium from wastewater. The experiments were conducted in two sets, one for lower concentration (25-50-100-200-400) mg/L and the other for higher concentration (600-800-1000) to simulate the concentration of Chromium in tannery industry effluents. At 1000 mg/L initial concentration, BW achieved the optimum removal efficiency of 73.28% at pH = 3, adsorbent dosage = 25 g/L and contact time of 3 hours with the adsorption capacity was 39 mg/g. For SD at pH=2, 3 hours contact time, 10 g/L dosage, and 30oC the removal ratio was 64.83% and the adsorption capacity was 86.30 mg/g. The equilibrium data for various agricultural adsorbents was being tested with various adsorption isotherm models such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin. At low concentrations, AC, BW, PA and SCB follows Freundlich isotherm model while SD follows Langmuir isotherm model. At higher concentrations, BW, SD, PA follows Langmuir isotherm while SCB follows Tempkin isotherm model. To evaluate the mechanism of Cr adsorption on different adsorbents, Pseudo-first-order and Pseudo-second-order equations were used. The adsorption process follows Pseudo-second-order for all adsorbents, which confirms the chemisorption of Cr (VI) on different adsorbents.

scholarly journals Development of activated carbon from Eichhornia Crassipes via chemical activation and its application to remove a synthetic dye

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 4394-4400 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Isotherm Study ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Mb Adsorption

Dyes wastewater is listed as one of the largest water polluter in this world and cause problems to the environment as well as human health. The present study aims to investigate the adsorption of methylene blue, a cationic dye commonly used in industries by activated carbon derived from the water hyacinth stem (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms). The removal of MB solution was affected by some parameters such as dosage, contact time, pH, and initial dye concentration. The present study showed that the optimum condition for the adsorption process was pH 7, the adsorbent dosage at 0.8 g with the equilibrium was reached at 100 minutes. However, there is no significant adsorption in the effect of pH. It was found that the best correlation of kinetic with the MB adsorption was the pseudo-second-order model, while the isotherm study was well represented with the Freundlich model. The porosity of adsorbent was enhanced after carbonization process. The functional group presence on the surface of adsorbent including alcohols, carboxyl and carbonyl were also contributed to the effectiveness of adsorption process.

Competitive Biosorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) by Functionalised Micropogonias undulates Scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua O. Ighalo ◽  
Ibrahim O. Tijani ◽  
Oluwaseun J. Ajala ◽  
Fisayo O. Ayandele ◽  
Omodele A. Eletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fish Scales ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Competitive Biosorption ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Best Fit

Background: Modified bio-based adsorbents from plant sources can be used for pollution remediation by adsorption due to their low cost and availability in large quantities. Objective: In this study, the competitive biosorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) by Micropogonias undulates functionalised fish scales (FFS) was conducted. The functionalisation was done by wet impregnation with Fe2+. Method: The biosorbent was characterised by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Branueur–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses. Results: The major constituents in the FFS were calcium and phosphorus from the collagen and apatite on the scales. Optimum removal efficiency for both metals was >99% at 10 g/l dosage. It was observed that the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo second order kinetics model were the best fit for the experimental data. The monolayer adsorption capacity of FFS for Pb(II) and Cu(II) was observed to be 96.15 mg/g and 100 mg/g respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed that the competitive biosorption of heavy metals can be achieved (at a good adsorption capacity) using functionalised Micropogonias undulates fish scales.

Adsorption of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution Using Honeycomb-Cinder

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 2259-2262
Author(s):  
Song Bo Cui ◽  
Hua Yong Zhang ◽  
Lu Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Mb Adsorption

The adsorption behavior of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions onto honeycomb-cinder (HC) and its acid-activated product was investigated in a batch system. The results showed the adsorption capacity was decreased for raw HC samples with the increase of pH value, while it was increased for activated samples. The adsorption data were fit with Langmuir isotherm model for MB adsorption by all samples. The MB adsorption capacity on samples was increased from 2.62 mg/g to 7.81 mg/g and 7.00 mg/g after acid-activated by HCl and H2SO4, respectively. The adsorption processes of MB followed pseudo-second-order kinetics with a coefficient of correlation≥0.99. This study demonstrated that acid-activated HC has superior adsorbing ability for MB than raw HC and can be used as alternative adsorbents in dye wastewater treatment.

Removal of Methylene Blue Dye by Using Eggshell Powder

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norzita Ngadi ◽  
Chin Chiek Ee ◽  
Nor Aida Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Dyes contain carcinogenic materials which can cause serious hazards to aquatic life and the users of water. Textile industry is the main source of dye wastewater which results in environmental pollution. Many studies have been conducted to investigate the use of low cost adsorbent as an alternative technique for the adsorption of dye. The objective of this study is to determine the potential of eggshell powder as an adsorbent for methylene blue removal and find out the best operating conditions for the color adsorption at laboratory scale. The adsorption of cationic methylene blue from aqueous solution onto the eggshell powder was carried out by varying the operating parameters which were contact time, pH, dosage of eggshell powder and temperature in order to study their effect in adsorption capacity of eggshell powder. The results obtained showed that the best operating condition for removal of methylene blue was at pH 10 (78.98 %) and temperature 50°C (47.37 %) by using 2 g of eggshell powder (57.03 %) with 30 minutes equilibrium time (41.36 %). The kinetic studies indicated that pseudo-second-order model best described the adsorption process.

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