Some New Hermite-Hadamard-Fejér Fractional Type Inequalities for h-Convex and Harmonically h-Convex Interval-Valued Functions

In this article, firstly, we establish a novel definition of weighted interval-valued fractional integrals of a function Υ˘ using an another function ϑ(ζ˙). As an additional observation, it is noted that the new class of weighted interval-valued fractional integrals of a function Υ˘ by employing an additional function ϑ(ζ˙) characterizes a variety of new classes as special cases, which is a generalization of the previous class. Secondly, we prove a new version of the Hermite-Hadamard-Fejér type inequality for h-convex interval-valued functions using weighted interval-valued fractional integrals of a function Υ˘ according to another function ϑ(ζ˙). Finally, by using weighted interval-valued fractional integrals of a function Υ˘ according to another function ϑ(ζ˙), we are establishing a new Hermite-Hadamard-Fejér type inequality for harmonically h-convex interval-valued functions that is not previously known. Moreover, some examples are provided to demonstrate our results.

Records of rare species of vascular plants and lichens in the Bryansk Region in 2018–2021

In 2018–2021 the authors carried out floristic and geobotanical studies in the Bryansk Region according to the Program for maintaining the regional Red Data Book. In 2020 and 2021 this work was supported by the regional Department of Natural Resources and Ecology. As a result, the studies in the Bryansk Region and in the urban district of Bryansk discovered previously unknown locations of rare species of vascular plants and lichens, including those listed in the Red Data Book of the Region (Krasnaia..., 2016), and a list of species requiring additional observation and monitoring.

Pediatric Head Injury

Blunt head trauma (BHT) is the leading cause of trauma-related death and disability in children worldwide. Pediatric BHT is a common presenting complaint in acute care settings. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) manifests as a continuum from minor to severe, with cases of minor TBI vastly outnumbering severe cases. Clinicians must be able to identify patients at low risk for TBI who do not require additional observation or testing while at the same time not missing higher risk patients. This chapter presents an evidence-based approach to the evaluation and management of BHT in pediatric patients across all ages and spectrums of severity.

Commentary on Article: Efficacy of a Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine in Healthy Children and Adolescents (NEJM, Nov 21 2019)

In this Letter to the Editor, this author comments on the article in the NEJM (Nov 21 2019) in the above title on the TAK-003 Dengue vaccine Phase III trial from a point of comparing with the predecessor, the CYD-TDV, beside comparing the TAK-003 and Severe dengue, and the TAK-003 and hospitalizations. The author also queries why the vaccine must be a chimeric-vaccine, questions the sample-size in the Phase III trial and questions the Serious Adverse Events reported observed in the trial. He write on Antibody Directed Enhancement in a relation to the TAK-003. The author make Additional Observation and seek certain Explanation.

The role of magma injection and crystal sorting in the formation of early gabbros at the Coldwell Complex, Ontario, Canada

The Layered Series of the Midcontinent Rift related Coldwell Complex comprises thick sections of gabbro, without any known associated ultramafic rocks. It represents a major early intrusive unit of the Coldwell Complex and consists of thick accumulations of olivine gabbro and oxide augite melatroctolite. This study combines petrography, mineral chemistry, and lithogeochemistry to constrain the magma composition and petrogenesis of the Layered Series. The presence of cumulus orthoclase together with the observation that the Layered Series rocks plot in the alkaline field on a total alkali–silica diagram indicate that the Layered Series magma has an alkaline parentage. The stratigraphy of the Layered Series cannot be fully correlated between different areas using lithogeochemistry and mineral chemistry. This together with observed normal and reverse trends for mineral chemical compositions in different areas suggest that the processes related to magma emplacement and crystallization were different in different locations. The whole-rock concentrations of incompatible elements and the compositions of major minerals of the olivine gabbro and oxide augite melatroctolite units are chemically similar. However, major element lithogeochemistry is variable, dominantly due to differences in the abundances of olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and magnetite. An additional observation is that olivine and clinopyroxene are not in chemical equilibrium. Together, these observations are interpreted to reflect a combination of multiple injections of magma and crystal sorting in an open system.

Additional Thirty Seconds Observation with Linked Color Imaging Improves Detection of Missed Polyps in the Right-Sided Colon

Background and Aims. Missed polyps are a pitfall of colonoscopy. In this study, we analyzed the efficacy of an additional 30 seconds observation using linked color imaging (LCI) for detecting adenoma and sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P). Materials and Methods. We enrolled patients undergoing colonoscopy from February to October 2017 in two institutions. In all patients, the cecum and ascending colon were observed with white light imaging (WLI) first. The colonoscope was inserted again, and the cecum and ascending colon were observed for an additional 30 seconds using either LCI or WLI. The method for the 30 sec observation was to insufflate the cecum and ascending colon sufficiently and observe them in a distant view, because the length of the second observation was determined to be precisely 30 sec. For the second observation, LCI was performed for the first 65 patients and WLI for the next 65. Adenoma and SSA/P detection rate (ASDR) in the second observation were examined in both groups. According to a pilot study, the sample size was estimated 65. Results. In the first observation, ASDR were 30.7% in the LCI group and 32.2% in the WLI group (p=0.85). For the second observation, 13 polyps were detected in the LCI group and 5 polyps in the WLI group (p=0.04). Additionally, ASDR for the second observation were 18.5% and 6.1%, respectively (p=0.03). There were no significant differences between the LCI and WLI groups with respect to morphology (ratio of polypoid) (38.5% versus 60.0%, p=0.52) and histology (ratio of adenoma) (92.3% versus 100.0%, p=0.91). Total adenoma and SSA/P number were 48 in the LCI group and 36 in the WLI group (p=0.02). Conclusion. The 30 seconds additional observation with LCI improved the detection of adenoma and SSA/P in the right-sided colon.

An additional observation of Plasmodium vivax malaria infection in Duffy-negative individuals from Cameroon

This item has no abstract. Follow the links belo to access the full text.

Hybrid Levenberg–Marquardt and weak-constraint ensemble Kalman smoother method

The ensemble Kalman smoother (EnKS) is used as a linear least-squares solver in the Gauss–Newton method for the large nonlinear least-squares system in incremental 4DVAR. The ensemble approach is naturally parallel over the ensemble members and no tangent or adjoint operators are needed. Furthermore, adding a regularization term results in replacing the Gauss–Newton method, which may diverge, by the Levenberg–Marquardt method, which is known to be convergent. The regularization is implemented efficiently as an additional observation in the EnKS. The method is illustrated on the Lorenz 63 model and a two-level quasi-geostrophic model.

Hybrid Levenberg–Marquardt and weak constraint ensemble Kalman smoother method

We propose to use the ensemble Kalman smoother (EnKS) as the linear least squares solver in the Gauss–Newton method for the large nonlinear least squares in incremental 4DVAR. The ensemble approach is naturally parallel over the ensemble members and no tangent or adjoint operators are needed. Further, adding a regularization term results in replacing the Gauss–Newton method, which may diverge, by the Levenberg–Marquardt method, which is known to be convergent. The regularization is implemented efficiently as an additional observation in the EnKS. The method is illustrated on the Lorenz 63 and the two-level quasi-geostrophic model problems.