Increasing Virtual Offences Through Cyberbullying in Developing Countries

Cyberbullying malice is more a socio-psychological issue in developing countries like India. The kinds of virtual offences indirectly through cyberbullying and the toll on the various segments of society are concentrated to bring attention to the increasing maladaptive consequences of the virtual offences. The chapter concentrates on the direct and indirect methods of consistent evolution in the methods of virtually offensive practices against children, adolescents, school students, college students, and women in general. The chapter highlights the methods of cyberbullying happening across developing countries like India. It also describes the catalytic factors leading to virtual offences committed online and their nature, evolution, impact, and intensity on the victims' psyche across developing countries like India.

Sports competition related anxiety: Is it modifiable among athletes in urban schools in Sri Lanka?

Competition related anxiety is a major psychological issue among athletes and this study estimates the prevalence of competition related anxiety, its associated factors and coping strategies used, among school athletes in Sri Lanka. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 330 athletes. Two-stage simple random sampling was used. Competition related anxiety level was determined by Sport Competition Anxiety Test for adults (SCAT-A). Prevalence of ‘high’ level of sport competition related anxiety was 19.4% and it was significantly associated with individual sports, fear of failure, experience of past defeat, and poor support received from parents/friends. Listening to music, goal setting, positive self-talk and meditation were positive coping strategies used by athletes. The main negative coping strategy was being angry. High competition related anxiety prevalent in about 1/5th of school athletes was influenced by several factors related to the sport event. Psychological support incorporated into routine physical training sessions is recommended.

Caregiver Support for Asian American Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias Caregivers: A Conceptual Synthesis

Informal caregiver support has been defined as different types of interventions. However, it has not been well explained in the social context and not well discussed as an integrative concept for dementia caregivers who are Asian Americans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a dimensional analysis--a type of evidence synthesis--to explore caregiver support in the context of Asian American dementia caregivers. A synthesis of 40 articles produced four interrelated dimensions of caregiver support: Individual (language, information, psychological issue, and culture); Family (family member support, availability of extended family, and decision making); Community (bilingual and bicultural help, and religion and spiritual source); and Professional healthcare system (expectations from healthcare professionals and caregivers for caregiver interventions, communication concordance, initiative in seeking help, and trust). The findings provide guidance for future studies on this population in promoting caregiver’s health and developing caregiver interventions.

HOMOSEXUALITY IN ANDRE ACIMAN’S CALL ME BY YOUR NAME

This study discusses about Elio’s homosexuality in Andr? Aciman’s Call Me by Your Name. Elio is the main character in the novel. The study aims to answer three points: the cause of Elio’s homosexuality, the effect of Elio’s homosexuality and how homosexuality presented in the novel. The study uses qualitative research because it provides understanding into the problem and it derives meanings from the quotations. This study applies intrinsic and extrinsic approaches. The extrinsic approach used is psychological approach as the literary approach. The psychological approach is applied in causes and effects of homosexuality as a psychological issue. The data source of this study is Call Me by Your Name novel by Andr? Aciman. The study found that Elio’s homosexuality is caused by Elio’s hormone and Elio’s family life. Elio’s desire and lust brings him to the wild imagination and fantasy. Elio’s parents are open-minded. It can be concluded that from the causes of Elio’s homosexuality brings him to the taboo thing and not every people can accept that sexual orientation. The novelist, Andr? Aciman wants to presented about the true feeling of the taboo love.

How many parents regret having children and how it is linked to their personality and health: Two studies with national samples in Poland

Surveys conducted over the last few years on representative samples in the US and Germany suggest that the percentage of parents who regret having children is approximately 17–8%. In none of these studies did the researchers attempt a detailed examination of this group of parents from the perspective of their psychological functioning. In the present article, two studies based on large, national samples (N = 1175 and N = 1280), one of which was a representative sample of young Poles, are presented. The results obtained show that the percentage of parents who regret parenthood is higher in Poland than in the US or Germany, and that parents who regret having children are characterized by a higher level of adverse childhood experiences, have poorer psychological and somatic health, are more vulnerable to social evaluation, and experience strong parental identity crisis and parental burnout. Regretting parenthood also turns out to be associated with the parent’s financial situation and marital status, and with having children with special needs. The results indicate that regretting becoming a parent is an important social and psychological issue that should become an object of interest for researchers from various disciplines and for social policy authorities.

Erectile Dysfunction Is the Main Correlate of Depression in Men with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Depression is the most prevalent psychological issue after a spinal cord injury (SCI) and is associated with noticeable disability, mortality and health expenditure. As SCI mainly occurs in sexually active men at a young age, and can lead to them suffering from an organic neurogenic erectile dysfunction (ED), we supposed that ED could be a major correlate of depressive status in men with SCI. As documented by a Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) score ≥14, depression was reported in 17 out of 57 men with a chronic SCI (29.8%). They exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of ED and a more severe bowel and bladder dysfunction when compared to the group without depression. At the multiple logistic regression analysis, depression showed a significant independent association with ED (OR = 19.0, 95% CI: 3.1, 203.3; p = 0.004) and, to a lesser extent, with a severe impairment of bowel and bladder function (OR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.94; p = 0.01). Depression was observed in 43.7% of men with ED and only in 12.0% of those without ED (p = 0.002). In conclusion, healthcare providers should give the right level of importance to the management of ED in men with SCI, as this represents a major independent correlate of depression, which, in turn, might hinder physical rehabilitation and exacerbate physical health issues related to SCI.

Anxieties and Fears: A Sociological Study of Mental Health of Students in COVID-19 Pandemic

This paper aims to explore the impact of COVID-19 and the implications of pandemic induced changes on the mental health of students. The study was conducted amongst currently enrolled college (undergraduate) and 12th-grade students in Delhi-NCR. Apart from this, parents and professionals were also consulted. This paper approaches the issue of mental health from a sociological perspective to create a comprehensive understanding of the factors which create anxieties and fears amongst students in times of COVID-19 induced pandemic. The study began with the assumption that mental health is not only a biological and psychological issue but needs to be contextualized in societal structures and societyindividual relationship. Students as a social group are primarily affected by institutions of education and family, the study thus explores how the three are intertwined. The paper ends with the contention that social integration and regulation are primary concepts through which individual resilience can be studied, understood and theorised. It also highlights that despite the commonsensical belief that the current times are different from the societal normal, a study like this offers a window to understand the structural continuities of the pre-pandemic period into the pandemic period.

Perception of yips among professional Japanese golfers: perspectives and challenges

BackgroundYips in golf is a complex spectrum of psychological anxiety and movement disorder that affects competitive sporting performance. Existing literature is limited to several western studies and the manifestations of this problem in Japanese golfers is currently unknown.ObjectiveTo quantify self-reported perception and manifestation of yips among Japanese golfers from the professional golfers’ association (PGA).MethodsWe analyzed 1271 (of 1356) elite golfers in a cross-sectional manner. Golfers were sensitized beforehand about yips by a movement-disorder specialist. Based on a positive history for yips, participants were categorized into yips and non-yips groups. Survey questionnaire focused on demographic information, golfing habits, anxiety and musculoskeletal problems, performance deficits during golfing, changes in training and their outcomes. Statistical procedures included multiple logistic regression and network analysis to assess factors associated with yips.Results35% (N=450) of the respondents had experienced symptoms of yips in their career, their odds increasing proportionally to their golfing experience. Severity of musculoskeletal symptoms were higher in those with yips. Regardless, about 57% of all yips-golfers attributed their symptoms to psychological causes. Putting, approach and teeing shots, in that order, were highly susceptible to movement problems. Network analysis highlighted characteristic movement patterns i.e. slowing, forceful or freezing of movement for putting, approach and teeing respectively. Golfers’ self-administered strategies to relieve yips symptoms were generally inconsequential, though improvements were seen only for approach-yips.ConclusionOur findings align firmly with prior studies on yips. Though aware of the problem, most Japanese golfers were untouched by yips. Those that were affected, perceived yips to be a psychological issue despite substantial evidence pointing to a movement-disorder. While self-administered interventions for symptom relief in such golfers is satisfactory at best, it may be imperative to sensitize golfers from a movement-disorder standpoint for early identification and management of the problem.

Rehabilitation Challenge of Motor Neuron Disease Following Occupational Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Electric Shocks: Case Series

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of motor neurons and their axons characterized by signs of upper and lower motor neuron dysfunction. ALS has been associated with exposures in so called electrical occupation. We have found two young patient who developed features of MND following electrocution within 1 year. Due to this great diversity of possible causing agents for ALS, new researches are necessary to elucidate possible etiologies for a better approach to the patients, promoting preventive programs for the disease, optimizing functions and improving the life quality of the patients. A number of studies have demonstrated cognitive performance deficits following electric injury observed cognitive symptoms and neurobehavioral defecit. As treatment approach rehabilitation is important part of treatment as pharmacological part didn't prove strong recovery. As MND causes high level of disability and dependency on caregiver causes gap in rehabilitation due to psychological issue. Neuropalliative rehabilitation is more important in these patient which is unavailable in our country. KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-4, January 2021, Page 218-221

ADVERSITY QUOTIENT: SURVIVING RATHER THAN GIVING UP

Every day, people experience different adversities in life. They often face specific events that may challenge their psychological stability as individuals. Such adversities may be in the form of sudden loss of a loved one, loss of job, financial instability, strained relationships, career insecurities and other events that may leave a great impact not just on the temporary emotional state of an individual but also, may affect the individual’s long-term psychological state. Nevertheless, each of us has the God-given inner ability to face and solve such terrible situations to advantage in life. Despite exposures to stress, some people can withstand, overcome, and be strengthened and successful by the negative experience. In the present times, this pertinent psychological issue can be addressed as ‘Adversity Quotient (AQ) i.e. the science of human resilience’. People who successfully apply AQ in their life will perform optimally in difficulties, challenges- small or big- that confront them every day. This research paper tries to explore how individuals deal with such adversities and are able to bounce back as stronger and wiser amidst certain events in their life that brought tremendous change to their psychological well-being. Also, this research endeavors to provide an insight to educators, counsellors, parents and students how to surmount life adversities and survive rather than giving up in life.