GENEALOGY, DIASPORA, AND DA’WAH: The Religious Role of Sheikh Ibrahim al-Hadhrami in Pattani and Java

There are several problems in the historiography of Islam Nusantara nowadays. One of them is the lack of written sources, especially during the XIV-XV centuries. It was a significant period when the early generation of preachers (Walisongo) played a significant role in spreading Islam in the archipelago. Because of the limitations of written sources, some scholars assume Walisongo as a myth. This article aims to reveal the genealogy, sanad, and religious roles of one of the early Walisongo, Shaykh Ibrahim al-Hadrami, in Pattani and Java. This study applied historical research methods. It relied on critical testing and analysis, including heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. Besides, the findings showed the continuity of the genealogy and sanad of Shaykh Ibrahim al-Hadrami and his descendants. They formed a network of Ulama and da’wah centers in Pattani and Java. In Pattani, Islamic preaching centers built by Sheikh Ibrahim al-Hadrami were continued by his descendants, such as Sheikh Ahmad bin Muhammad Zain al-Fathani and Sheikh Daud al-Fathani. They developed in Kedah, Kelantan, and several areas in the Malay Peninsula. Meanwhile, in Java, the centers of Islamic da’wah built by Sheikh Ibrahim al-Hadrami were continued by his two sons, Raden Rahmat (Sunan Ampel) and Raden Ali Murtadla (Sunan Gresik) and their descendants. Therefore, Islam developed throughout Java.الملخص : بعض مشاكل التاريخ الإسلامي في الأرخبيل لا تزال تطفو على السطح حتى الآن. منها، أنّ المصادر المكتوبة غير متوفّرة. خاصّة في القرن XV-XIV رغم أنّ تلك الفترة، فترة مهمّة حيث يلجأ الجيل المبكّر من الدواعي (والي سونغو) دوراً هامّاً في نشر الإسلام في الأرخبيل. بعض العلماء يعتبرون والي سونغو أسطورة، لأنّ المصادر المكتوبة محدودة. للمساهمة في الدراسة القائمة، تهدف هذه المادّة إلى الكشف عن الأنساب والسند والدور الديني من أحد الجيل الأوّل من والي سونغو – الشيخ إبراهيم الحضرمي- في باتاني وجاوى. تستخدم هذه الدراسة طرق البحث التاريخية التي تعتمد على الاختبار والتحليل النقدي بما في ذلك الاستدلال والتحقّق والتفسير والتأريخ. تظهر هذه الدراسة استمرارية أنساب وسند الشيخ إبراهيم الحضرمي وذريته الذين يشكلون شبكة من مراكز العلماء والدعوة في باتاني وجاوى. في باتاني، استمرّت مراكز الدعوة الإسلامية التي بناها الشيخ إبراهيم الحضرمي من قبل ذريته مثل الشيخ أحمد بن محمّد زين الفتحاني والشيخ داوود الفتحاني الذي تطوّر في كيدا وكلنتان وعدّة مناطق في شبه جزيرة الملايو. وفي نفس الوقت، استمرّت مراكز الدعوة الإسلامية في جاوى التي بناها الشيخ إبراهيم الحضرمي من قبل ولديه، رادين رحمة (سونان أمبل) ورادين عليّ مرتضى (سونان جريسيك) وذريتهم، حتى تطوّر الإسلام في جميع أنحاء جاوى.Abstrak: Beberapa permasalahan dalam historiografi Islam Nusantara sampai saat ini masih terus mengemuka, salah satunya adalah kurangnya sumber tertulis, khususnya masa abad XIV-XV. Padahal masa tersebut merupakan masa yang sangat penting dimana generasi awal para pendakwah (Walisongo) memainkan peranan signifikan dalam menyebarkan Islam di Nusantara. Keterbatasan sumber tertulis menjadikan sebagian cendekiawan menganggap Walisongo sebagai mitos. Untuk berkontribusi pada studi yang ada, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap silsilah, sanad dan peran keagamaan salah satu Walisongo generasi awal, yakni Syaikh Ibrahim al-Hadrami di Pattani dan Jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah yang bertumpu pada pengujian dan analisis kritis meliputi heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Kajian ini menunjukkan ketersambungan silsilah dan sanad Syaikh Ibrahim al Hadrami serta keturunannya yang membentuk jejaring Ulama dan sentra-sentra dakwah di Pattani dan Jawa. Di Pattani, sentra-sentra dakwah Islam yang dibangun Syaikh Ibrahim al-Hadrami dilanjutkan oleh keturunannya, seperti Syaikh Ahmad bin Muhammad Zain al-Fathani and Syaikh Daud al-Fathani yang berkembang di Kedah, Kelantan dan beberapa kawasan di Semenanjung Melayu. Sedangkan di Jawa, sentra-sentra dakwah Islam yang dibangun Syaikh Ibrahim al-Hadrami dilanjutkan oleh kedua putranya, Raden Rahmat (Sunan Ampel) dan Raden Ali Murtadla (Sunan Gresik) beserta keturunannya sehingga Islam berkembang diseluruh wilayah tanah Jawa.

Implikasi Hikmat Menurut Paulus Dalam Menentang Pengaruh Ajaran Kaum Sofis Di Korintus

Paul, Apostle relates the Good News to the wisdom of God that is understood by humans who give themselves to believe in Jesus. However, the presence of the powerful Sophists with the teaching of worldly wisdom and relying on the power of the word of wisdom (sophia logou), has obscured the true meaning of God's wisdom. This study aims to explore the influence of the Sophists in the life of the Corinthian church which caused Paul to explain the true meaning of wisdom. Knowing the background of the wisdom problem in Corinth will give you a complete picture of the wisdom of God that Paul preached. This study applies historical research methods to find out the origin and influence of the Sophists' teachings. The results show that the sophia logou owned by the Sophists has obscured the meaning of the cross of Christ which is the wisdom of God. The wisdom that Paul means in the letter to the Corinthians is the openness of one's mind to believe in the sacrifice of Jesus on the cross which has implications for congregational unity and survival in the face of problems or struggles.

Islamisasi Kerajaan Kutai Kertanegara Abad Ke-16: Studi Historiografi Naskah Arab Melayu Salasilah Kutai

The event of Islamization in Kutai Kertanegara Monarchy needs to be reviewed on the basis of verified primary sources. This study aims to analyze the validity of Surat Salasilah Raja dalam Negeri Kutai Kertanegara Malay-Arabic script, as a source of traditional historiography. The script describes the process of Islamization in the Monarchy of Kutai Kertanegara whence it begins as mythological texts then written as historical narratives. With historical research methods, the main source of this research is the book of Letters of Salasilah Raja in Kutai Kertanegara in Arabic Malay script by Khatib Muhammad Thahir which was completed in 1849. The results of the study show that, with strict verification, Salasilah Kutai is a valid historical source. The process of Islamization in the Kutai Kertanegara Monarchy took place through the role of a preacher named Tuan Tunggang Parangan who carried out an egalitarian dialectic to Raja Makota, in 1575.

Organisasi Cacat Pejuang Kemerdekaan Indonesia: Dari Ikatan Invaliden Indonesia Hingga Korps Cacad Veteran (1946-1983)

Abstrak: Perang Kemerdekaan Indonesia yang terjadi dalam kurun waktu 1946-1949 menyebabkan banyaknya korban perang yang menjadi cacat. Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai bagaimana perjuangan selanjutnya para prajurit yang menjadi cacat akibat perang Kemerdekaan Indonesia (1946-1983). Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode historis yang terdiri dari heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pembentukan dan perkembangan organisasi cacat pejuang kemerdekaan Indonesia dalam usahanya untuk terus berguna bagi negara serta menyejahterakan kehidupan para anggotanya dalam kurun waktu 1946- 1983. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah dengan tahapan penelitian heuristik, kritik, interpretasi dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan berdirinya organisasi cacat pejuang kemerdekaan pada 1946 di Malang dengan nama Ikatan Invaliden Indonesia dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya upaya untuk memberdayakan dan menyejahterakan korban cacat perang kemerdekaan dan dalam perkembangannya hingga 1983 menunjukkan bahwa organisasi ini memberikan sumbangsih bagi anggotanya yaitu mendapatkan kesejahteraan serta memberikan kesempatan untuk terus berguna bagi negara.Kata Kunci: Invaliden, Korps Cacat Veteran Republik Indonesia, Cacat Veteran.Abstrak: The Indonesian War of Independence that occurred in the period 1946-1949 caused many war victims to become disabled. This research will discusses how the next struggle of the soldiers who became disabled as a result of the war of Indonesian Independence (1946-1983). This study aims to describe the formation and development of disabled organizations for Indonesian independence fighters in their efforts to continue to be useful to the country and to improve the lives of their members in the period 1946-1983. This study uses historical research methods with the stages of heuristic research, criticism, interpretation and historiography. The results of this study indicate that the establishment of a disabled organization for freedom fighters in 1946 in Malang under the name of the Indonesian Invaliden Association was motivated by efforts to empower and prosper the disabled victims of the war of independence and in its development until 1983 showed that this organization contributed to its members, namely getting welfare and providing opportunities for continue to be useful to the country.Keywords: Invalid, Indonesian Republic Veteran Disability Corps, Veteran Disability.

Ethical Traditions of Adyghe: Genre Criteria and Main Motives

The task is to study ethical legends considered as one of the specific genre varieties of the Adyghe historical prose. The relevance of the research is due to the urgent need to create a genre classification of the Adyghe non-fairytale prose. It is noted that in this regard, the study of ethical traditions is one of the necessary stages in solving this problem. The main goal of the article is to determine genre features and main functions, to identify the main motives and images inherent in ethical legends. Cultural-historical and comparative-historical research methods are used. The socio-historical conditions and factors that contributed to the emergence of the genre of ethical legends are analyzed, various groups of legends are identified, the process of transformation of moral and ethical principles and norms is traced, the most productive plot-forming motives are determined. It is shown that the differentiating feature of ethical traditions is their cognitive and socioregulatory functions. It is argued that their main goal is to represent ideal forms and standards of interpersonal behavior, which should contribute to the formation and approval of moral, ethical and etiquette norms that existed in the Adyghe traditional society.

Anti-graft Institutions and Corruption in Nigeria (1975-2016): A Historical Perspective

Anti-graft institution by every examination is established to check and balance the problem of corruption in any country. The Nigerian state since independence has been bedeviled with issues of corruption at every regimes/governments despite the presence of anti-graft agencies. Hence, it is within the core of this perspective that this paper anchored to examine “anti-graft institutions and corruption” in Nigeria from 1975-2016. Analyzing this paper from a historical lens would give us a view, as to whether, if these anti-corruption institutions have been able to tackle the issue of corruption ravaging the country or not? Findings from this research revealed that anti-graft institutions in Nigeria since 1975 have not been able to tackled the question of corruption in the country effectively. It was also found that corruption has been on the increase despite the existence of anti-graft institutions structured to mitigate corruption. The paper adopts the Historical Research Methods (HRM) using qualitative technique approach. Secondary sources, as well as online (internet) materials were consulted. The paper concludes by way of submission, on the failure of anti-graft institution to tackle the questions of corruption in Nigeria.

Sejarah Pemikiran Kebangsaan Jakob Oetama Pada Surat Kabar Kompas 1970-2001

Nationality is needed by every Indonesian as one of the efforts to continue maintaining the unity and integrity of the nation. One of the national press figures who seriously think about the issue of nationality is Jakob Oetama. One of the ways Jakob Oetama channeled national ideology was through the press media named the Kompas. The purpose of this study was to find out how Jakob Oetama ideology about nationality in Kompas newspaper. The period is from 1970 to 2001. The research method uses historical research methods consisting of four stages; heuristics, verification, interpretation and historiography. The results showed that Jakob Oetama's national ideology in the first Kompas daily newspaper was Bhinneka Tunggal Ika and national ideology, national integration and disintegration, religious issues, knowing the homeland, and the principle of transcendental humanism. Pemahaman kebangsaan sangat diperlukan oleh setiap rakyat Indonesia sebagai salah satu upaya untuk terus mempertahankan persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa. Salah satu tokoh pers nasional yang serius memikirkan persoalan tentang kebangsaan adalah Jakob Oetama. Cara Jakob Oetama menyalurkan pemikiran kebangsaan salah satunya yaitu lewat media pers yang diberi nama surat kabar Kompas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemikiran Jakob Oetama tentang kebangsaan pada surat kabar Kompas periode tahun 1970 sampai dengan tahun 2001. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah yang terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu, heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemikiran kebangsaan Jakob Oetama pada surat kabar harian Kompas adalah Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dan ideologi kebangsaan, integrasi dan disintegrasi nasional, persoalan agama, mengenal tanah air, dan prinsip humanisme transendental.

Politisasi Isu Agama di Media Massa: Strategi Politik Hos Cokroaminoto dalam Surat Kabar Djawi Hisworo (1918)

HOS Cocroaminoto is a politician as well as the leader of Sarekat Islam movement at the beginning of the 20th century. He was an active figure in the early world of the movement in the Hindia Belanda. In its political activity in 1918, he politicized the polemic of blasphemy in the newspapers of Djawi Hisworo to strengthen his political standing and attack his enemies. Through this politicization, Cokrominoto managed to attract many followers and mobilize the masses consisting of muslim. In this study, the author uses historical research methods wich include soirce criticism, interpretation, and historical writing.This writing is written with analitycal descriptive type. Research resource, among others: (1) Cokroaminoto politicized by attracting modernist Muslims to revive the branches of Sarekat Islam wich at the time were neglecte. (2) He also succeeded in estabilishing the Tentara Kandjeng Nabi Muhammad for the media movement. (3) He also managed to raise funds from Muslim merchants so many. Cokroaminoto then expelled enemies in the Communist-leaning Sarekat Islam which at the time became an obstacle for him to carry out his political activities.

Role of professorial housing in the formation of Volgograd historical regional study in the second half of the 20th the century

Article is dedicated to the problem of the development of the historical regional study of the Volgograd province in the second-half XX century. The authors accentuate attention in the special role of scientist-historians in a study of regional problems. On the basis of general theoretical and special historical research methods, in particular dialectical, comparative-historical, typological, historiographical, narrative, biographical scientific analysis, general and specific features of the development of historical research in the region are identified, fundamental topics, tasks and methodology of local historical research are presented.

From Kyai to Politicians: The Intellectual-Political Journey of K.H. Abdurrahman Chudlori 1943-2011

K.H Abdurrahman Chudlori is the caretaker of the Tegalrejo Islamic Boarding School Boarding School, Magelang. K.H Abdurrahman Chudlori became one of the influential figures in Magelang, especially in Tegalrejo. K.H Abdurrahman Chudlori also played an active role in society. In addition, K.H Abdurrahman Chudlori is also active in political parties, even being one of the founders of the PKNU Party. In this research, the author uses historical research methods that include collecting sources in written and oral, source criticism, interpretation or interpretation, and writing history or historiography. The results of this study are; (1) K.H. Abdurrahman Chudlori is a persistent learning person, a figure who becomes a role model for the community because he cares for the community very high, always prioritizes the welfare of the community (2) K.H. Abdurrahman Chudlori is the caretaker of the large Islamic Boarding School Magelang Islamic Education Dormitory, Kyai who has a charismatic figure, (3) K.H. Abdurrahman Chudlori is active in the NU Ormas, he is also active in three political parties and is one of the founders of the PKNU Party.