Characteristics of the psychoemotional status of different categories of flight persons

Annotation. An important component of psychophysiological support of professional activity of flight crew is the diagnosis of their psychoemotional status. That is why the aim of the work was to identify the features of the psycho-emotional state of military and civilian pilots by comparative analysis of the results of assessing their personal qualities. For this purpose, psychological methods of research of semantic basic attitudes, responsibility and honesty are used. The survey covered 200 civilian and 100 military pilots. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using methods of descriptive statistics, implemented using the statistical package MS Exel. It is established that in terms of verbal and emotional dependence, dependence on achievements, demanding and responsible for themselves, all pilots have an adequate level of development. However, in terms of demanding others, only military pilots have adequate personality development. According to the characteristics of responsibility, its level is expressed inherent in civilian pilots, while the military have a situational manifestation. Assessing the processes of planning, organizing and performing professional duties (integrity) revealed that military pilots have a low self-esteem of their abilities, they are quite lazy, insecure. They are driven by spontaneity in making important decisions. Civilian pilots have a much higher level of self-esteem, confidence, concentration and ability to solve life’s problems. They are more careful and prudent when making responsible decisions. They clearly show a sense of moral and professional duty. Thus, it can be concluded that the identified features of the distribution of military and civilian pilots according to the level of development of personal qualities are primarily related to certain features of the nature of work and due to the peculiarities of military service. This situation requires the introduction of psychological methods for assessing the psycho-emotional state of flight crew during the implementation of psychophysiological support.

Trauma Bonding: concepts, causes and mechanisms in intimate relationships

When, after a violent incident, strong emotional bonds are established in order to connect two people, there is the installation of a trauma called by the literature as bonding trauma. It is an emotional dependence between two people, in a relationship characterized by periods of abuse, violence and power imbalance, with bonds of intense connection, cognitive distortion and behavioral strategies of both individuals that paradoxically strengthen and maintain the bond, which is reflected in the vicious cycle of violence. However, there is a lack of literature and scientific research on the subject in Brazil, which highlights the need for a refined and in-depth study, since the causes and effects of bonding trauma are still not exactly clear, which makes the understanding and treatment of individuals, as well as their recovery, a slow and painful process. Thus, this research is guided by the question: what is bonding trauma and what are its mechanisms? Thus, it was defined as the general objective to analyze bonding trauma in loving relationships, in order to give birth to the neuropsychobiological processes of trauma generated in intimate relationships and to investigate the reasons why victims remain in pathological relationships, we will also address the functioning of Stockholm Syndrome and posttraumatic stress in victims of abuse in loving relationships as factors that generate bonding trauma. For contextualization, problematization and validation of the theoretical framework used in the research undertaken, the methodology used was the literature review or bibliographic review, from the reading, selection and analysis of texts of different genres, such as records, reviews and scientific articles related to the subject and which were published in journals and newspapers in the area. It was concluded that several emotional and neuropsychobiological factors are the cause for bonding trauma to be established within a relationship.

Nationwide questionnaire data of 229 Williams-Beuren syndrome patients using WhatsApp tool

ABSTRACT Background: Williams-Beuren syndrome is a multisystemic disorder caused by a microdeletion of the 7q11.23 region. Although familial cases with autosomal dominant inheritance have been reported, the vast majority are sporadic. Objective: To investigate the main complaints and clinical findings of patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome. Methods: A total of 757 parents of patients registered in the Brazilian Association of Williams-Beuren Syndrome (ABSW) received a questionnaire via WhatsApp from March to July 2017. Results: In total, 229 parents answered the survey. Age of diagnosis ranged from 2 days to 34 years (median: 3 years). The main clinical findings reported by the parents were abdominal colic (83.3%), failure to thrive (71.5%), feeding difficulty in the first year (68.9%), otitis (56.6%), urinary tract infections (31.9%), precocious puberty (27.1%) and scoliosis (15.9%). Cardiac defects were present in 66% of patients, and the most frequent defect was supravalvular aortic stenosis (36%). Arterial hypertension was reported in 23%. Hypercalcemia was reported in 10.5% of patients, mainly during the first year of life. Hyperacusis and hypersociability were common complaints (both present in 89%). Other behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms reported by the parents included attention deficit (89%), anger crises (83%), excessive fear (66%), depression (64%), anxiety (67%) and hypersexuality (33%). The most common complaints were hypersensitivity to sounds, talkative personality, emotional dependence and learning difficulties. In 98.3%, the parents denied family history. Conclusions: Williams-Beuren syndrome requires close follow-up with different medical specialties due to their variable clinical comorbidities, including language and school learning difficulties, behavioral and psychiatric problems.

THE AUTONOMY AS AN EXPRESSION OF THE HUMAN BEING

The article focuses on the autonomy achieved by a person with disabilities in connection with a network that has to make the imaginary project feasible. A multidisciplinary reading on the concept of autonomy that is related to the idea of dependence and independence is essential within this network. Furthermore, possible autonomies are presented, dealing with spheres of the human being that are usually regarded as inaccessible to a person with disabilities, such as the sexual sphere, living alone, social life and work. These aspects of life belong to adulthood, which every human being undertakes at some point in their life. But the latter is not usually recognized to the person with disabilities, locking them up in a dimension of non-growth and "eternal child". The concept of autonomy implies dependence. As the Argentine pedagogist Myrtha Chokler reminds us, "there is no autonomy without dependence". We all depend on everyone, children and adults: in our life, we talk about co-dependence or mutual dependence. On the other hand, autonomy also means self-governance, i.e. not doing things for oneself, but doing for oneself. This represents an important dimension of autonomy: the will. In the educational field, autonomy requires a mutual involvement between educator and student which is characterized by a mutual affective and emotional dependence in which the will always remain the central focus of the student's action, without it slipping into obedience. Autonomy, therefore, is a conquest. A process in which the adult educator, who takes care of the student, works on the educative relationship through trust, freedom of movement, affective security, within a safe space, physical but also emotional, in which there is openness to novelty and change. This requires the creation of an environment that welcomes the pleasure of the student (especially at an early age) to be autonomous, that welcomes his attempts that will be the way to learn not to depend on the adult. And for all this, an indeterminate and personalized amount of time is required.

Exercise Addiction and Muscle Dysmorphia: The Role of Emotional Dependence and Attachment

Background: Both exercise addiction (EA) and muscle dysmorphia (MD) primarily involve the compulsive practice of physical exercise and are classified as behavioral addictions in different lines of research. These types of addictions are frequently comorbid with other addictive pathologies, such as emotional dependence (ED), which is closely related to childhood attachment. This study is presented to address the scarcity of research relating EA and MD with other behavioral addictions. The aims are to analyze the sex differences found in emotional dependence, attachment dimensions, EA and MD; to analyze the association between EA and MD and other behavioral addictions, such as emotional dependence and attachment dimensions; and to analyze the possible role that childhood attachment plays in mediating the interaction between emotional dependence and EA and MD.Method: The sample comprised 366 participants (54.6% women) aged 17–31 (M = 23.53; SD = 6.48).Results: There are sex differences, with men scoring higher in EA, MD, and ED. The positive relationship between EA and ED (values between 0.16 and 0.28), MD (presenting values between 0.42 and 0.70), and attachment styles based on preoccupation, interference, permissiveness, and value of parental authority (values between 0.11 and 0.14) is highlighted. On the other hand, MD was positively related to ED (values ranging from 0.24 to 0.36) and attachment styles based on the value of parental authority, self-sufficiency, and resentment toward parents (between 0.17 and 0.18), and negatively related to secure attachment (values between −0.13 and −0.18). Likewise, the predictive role of ED and attachment styles in EA and MD was tested. And it was observed how attachment styles mediated the relationship between EA and ED, as well as the relationship between MD and ED. Thus, it has been shown that people with EA and MD present attachment styles that may influence negatively the decision-making process when choosing inappropriate strategies to achieve adequate emotional regulation, even selecting inappropriate goals for physical exercise with negative consequences.Conclusions: The dissemination of the findings among mental health and sports science professionals is necessary to develop prevention and intervention strategies for people affected by EA and MD.

Coping styles, dysfunctional schemes and psychopathological symptoms related to emotional dependence on the aggressor partner

Coping styles, dysfunctional schemes and psychopathological symptoms could be factors of vulnerability that increase the probability that a person develops emotional dependence on an aggressive partner. Delimiting the risk factors is fundamental for its prevention and treatment. Consequently, the main objectives of the present study were to analyze the relationship between the above-mentioned factors, as well as the mediating role of the first three in the relationship between emotional dependence and received violence. The sample was made up of 657 women from the clinical and general population, with ages ranging from 18 to 66 years of age (M= 23.38, SD= 8.24). The results reflected the predominance of inadequate coping styles, such as desiderative thinking, social isolation and self-critical, psychopathological symptoms of depression, anxiety, interpersonal sensibility, obsession-compulsion and paranoid ideation, as well as abandonment and subjugation schemes. These factors also explained part of the relationship between emotional dependence and staying in violent relationships.

Strategies to Support Groups at Risk of Victimization

At-risk groups are the elderly, the disabled, and women. Some of the reasons for the victimization of at-risk groups are due to their own characteristics. These include financial and emotional dependence, physical, mental and psychological weakness, inability to control and manage property and assets. Other causes of vulnerability and harassment are related to their relatives, social workers and nurses, such as costly care for the elderly and disabled, the inability of their relatives and social worker to care them. This article seeks to provide support for groups at risk of victimization. This article tries to provide health, financial and insurance services to improve the unfavorable situation of these people. With these strategies, the risk of victimization of vulnerable people is reduced.

El consumo de sustancias y su relación con la dependencia emocional, el apego y la regulación emocional en adolescentes

El consumo de sustancias entre los adolescentes supone un grave problema social que podría relacionarse con la dependencia emocional, estilos de apego y dificultades en la regulación emocional. De esta forma, los objetivos del presente estudio fueron analizar la relación y el papel predictivo de la dependencia emocional, apego y regulación emocional sobre el consumo de sustancias el último mes. Además, se analizaron las diferencias en función del género y edad en todas las variables del estudio. Igualmente, se comprobó el papel mediador de la regulación emocional y los estilos de apego en la relación entre la dependencia emocional y el consumo de sustancias. La muestra empleada estaba compuesta por 1.533 adolescentes escolarizados, 826 hombres y 707 mujeres con edades entre los 13 y los 22 años (M = 15.76, DT = 1.25). Los resultados mostraron una relación positiva entre el consumo de sustancias y la dependencia emocional. Del mismo modo, las personas consumidoras de sustancias manifestaron relaciones positivas con las dificultades de regulación emocional, así como, con los estilos de apego de permisividad parental, autosuficiencia y rencor contra los padres y traumatismo infantil y relaciones negativas con la seguridad, preocupación familiar, interferencia parental y valor a la autoridad parental. Substance use among adolescents is a serious social problem that may be related to emotional dependence, attachment styles and difficulties in emotional regulation. Thus, the objectives of this study were to analyse the relationship and predictive role of emotional dependence, attachment and emotional regulation on substance use in the last month. In addition, gender and age differences were analysed in all variables of the study. The mediating role of emotional regulation and attachment styles in the relationship between emotional dependence and substance use was also verified. The sample used was made up of 1.533 schooled adolescents, 826 men and 707 women with ages ranging from 13 to 22 years (M = 15.76, SD = 1.25). The results showed a positive relationship between substance use and emotional dependence. Similarly, substance users showed positive relationships with the difficulties of emotional regulation, as well as, with the attachment styles of parental permissiveness, self-sufficiency and resentment against parents and child trauma, and negative relationships with secure attachment, family concern, parental interference and value to parental authority.