Giacomo Casanova et Cecille von Roggendorff

Ce texte cherche à analyser l’échange épistolaire entre Giacomo Casanova et Cecille von Roggendorff, à partir du 6 février 1797 jusqu’à la mort de Casanova, le 4 juin 1798. Cette correspondance encadre non seulement un rapport précepteur-écolière, mais, peu à peu, le vieux libertin agît comme un père inquiet pour sa fille. Nous essayerons de suivre les étapes de cette connaissance réciproque à travers les vicissitudes quotidiennes, les maladies de Casanova et les états mélancoliques de Cecille, la tentative de ce dernier de la placer comme dame d’honneur chez les filles du duc Pierre de Curlande. Le compte rendu lettre par lettre met l’accent sur les interlocuteurs et permet une mise à jour de la narration que l’auteur de l’Histoire de ma vie a consciemment décidé d’arrêter avant ses dernières années passées à Dux. This essay attempts to analyze the exchange between Giacomo Casanova and Cecilia von Roggendorff, during the two years before Casanova’s death in Dux, Bohemia (4 June 1798). Such correspondence represents the step-by-step evolution of a teacher-pupil relationship into a father-daughter one, with the old libertine getting increasingly worried about her. Our analysis follows such mutual exchange through everyday matters such as Casanova’s illness and Cecilia’s melancholy, the former’s attempt to place her into the court as the duke Pierre de Curlande’s maid of honor. By means of a letter-by-letter account, some light is shed on the interlocutors and Casanova’s narration in his Histoire de ma vie, which omits his last years spent in Dux.

Multi-National Implementation

It is an extremely important feature of Grondona's system that, just as any country implementing it would do so independently on a scale appropriate to their economy, many different countries could establish a CRD without any need for coordination and without in any way hindering each other. On the contrary, as the number of CRDs increased, their collective stabilizing influence on commodity markets would increase proportionately. Moreover, the stabilizing influence on their mutual exchange rates would increase more than proportionately as the number of their mutual exchange rates grew. This contrasts sharply with the proposed international system of buffer stocks which could stabilize no more than a single currency and would become increasingly cumbersome as the number of participating countries increased.

"The Horse on which Words Ride": Proverbial Narrative in Toyin Falola's A Mouth Sweeter than Salt

Literature and oral tradition share a symbiotic relationship. Toyin Faiola the author of A Mouth Sweeter than Salt has produced a highly engaging memoir. The text is set in Ibadan, Ode Aje and Ilorin. We find a rich and knowledgeable exploitation of oral forms which the author uses within the frame of the biographical genre. Through the use of proverbial narration, Fa­Iola presents a tale replete with magic, religion, divination, spirituality and various folklore elements. The oral forms Faiola has used in the text come from the oral character of everyday life, prose narratives, songs, proverbs and proverb-like expressions while exploring the themes of innocence, curiosity and growth. This stylistic feature of narration is common in African story telling sessions. In both the traditional and modern context, the African prov­erb fulfils its social and communicative function in various forms. Faiola pres­ents an inseparable relationship of mutual exchange between the oral and written traditions. However, our point of emphasis is to evaluate the context and usage of the proverbial narration with a restriction to proverbs which deal with animals. The qualities attributed to animals in the proverbs and sayings figuratively and metaphorically describe people's appearance, characteristics and deeds.

Postmortem, Elegy, and Genius

This chapter turns to the medical field of pathology, sketching out a new theory of how discursive practices of medicine might be dependent on literary models by examining the history of the postmortem report in relation to the Romantic elegy. It explores a brief moment in the early nineteenth century when medical postmortem reports became widely available to the reading public. Using commemorative responses to the death of John Keats as the central example, but also reading the widely published postmortem reports of the deaths of Napoleon Bonaparte, Lord Byron, and Ludwig van Beethoven, which afforded readers an unexpected degree of closeness with the metaphorically charged bodies of the departed, the chapter focuses on how the postmortem report provides a protocol for interpreting mortality across a range of memorial genres in medical and literary fields. The postmortem report is shown to adopt certain generic qualities of earlier epitaphs, while later elegies by Percy Shelley and Alfred Tennyson continue to display the medical genre’s influence. The postmortem report is revealed to participate in a mutual exchange with literary conventions, as it first appropriates generic conventions from epitaphic literature, and then asserts a scientific protocol of taxonomical classification within humanistic discourse. When used in this commemorative field, reading bodily symptomology becomes a hermeneutics of consolation that brings its readers into intimacy with figures of genius.

Feeling as Consciousness of Value

A vast range of our everyday experiences seem to involve an immediate consciousness of value. We hear the rudeness of someone making offensive comments. In seeing someone risking her life to save another, we recognize her bravery. When we witness a person shouting at an innocent child, we feel the unfairness of this action. If, in learning of a close friend’s success, envy arises in us, we experience our own emotional response as wrong. How are these values apprehended? The three most common answers provided by contemporary philosophy explain the consciousness of value in terms of judgment, emotion, or perception. An alternative view endorsed mainly by authors inspired by the phenomenological tradition argues that values are apprehended by an intentional feeling. In this model, it is by virtue of a feeling that objects are presented as being in different degrees and nuances fair or unfair, boring or funny, good or bad. This paper offers an account of this model of feeling and its basic features, and defends it over alternative models. To this end, the paper discusses different versions of the model circulating in current research which until now have developed in parallel rather than in mutual exchange. The paper also applies the proposed account to the moral domain and examines how a feeling of values is presupposed by several moral experiences.

2 Sources of the International Law of Taxation

Chapter 2 is the main part of the book and it is structured along the different sources of the international law of taxation. This includes (i) treaties, (ii) customary international law, (iii) general principles of international law, and (iv) soft law. The chapter contains a comprehensive outline of the functioning of double tax treaties and other treaties focusing on tax matters such as treaties on mutual exchange of taxpayer information. The entire OECD MC is discussed and reference is made to brief case studies in order to allow the reader a better understanding of the international tax regime. A particular focus is in on the functioning the allocation rules in Arts 6–22 OECD model convention, however, this chapter also includes general remarks on the interpretation of tax treaties and soft law used in international tax matters. The chapter closes with a concise overview of the EU tax system.

Organizational, Legal and Methodological Issues of Forensic Ecology in the EAEU Countries

The article addresses the current state of forensic ecology in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Armenia, and the Republic of Belarus. The author has analyzed the relevant publications and the data of the official websites of forensic organizations conducting this type of forensic examination. The article presents the methods used by forensic ecologists, highlights the problems they face.The paper also reveals the unequal level of forensic ecology in Kazakhstan, Armenia, and Belarus; simultaneously, it shows that the need for its improvement is recognized in all these countries. Finally, the author notes that for such a development, mutual exchange of experience is essential, as well as the validation of methodological materials developed primarily in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation, with a view to their application in other countries of the Eurasian Economic Union, especially when conducting forensic examinations in cases related to the cross-border negative anthropogenic impact on environmental objects.

ESTABLISHING RELATIONS OF UZBEKISTAN WITH THE UNO AND ITS SPECIALIZED AGENCIES

Relations between Uzbekistan and the UN and its specialized agencies, mutual exchange historical and cultural dialogue, mutual agreements and treaties were covered and analyzed on the basis of sources. On the basis of mutual agreements, progress has been made in the fields of socio-political and cultural science and education, further prospective plans have been identified.

Molecular Survey on Kobuviruses in Domestic and Wild Ungulates From Northwestern Italian Alps

Since the first identification in 1989 in humans, kobuviruses (KoVs) have been identified from a wide range of animal species including carnivores, rodents, birds, ungulates, rabbits, and bats. Several studies have described the identification of genetically related KoVs in the fecal virome of domestic and wild animals suggesting a mutual exchange of viruses. By screening a total of 231 fecal samples from wild and domestic ungulates, KoVs RNA was detected in wild boars (3.2%; 2/63), chamois (4.6%; 2/43), and goats (2.6%; 2/77). On phylogenetic analysis of the partial RdRp sequence, the wild boar strains clustered within the species Aichivirus C whilst the strains identified in domestic and wild ruminants grouped into the species Aichivirus B. The complete VP1 gene was obtained for chamois and goat KoVs. Interestingly, upon phylogenetic analysis the strains grouped together with a KoV of ovine origin within a distinct genetic type (B3) of the species Aichivirus B.

The Baltic CAI challenge: reconciling Transatlanticism with EU solidarity

As the EU officials and their Chinese counterparts emphasised the end of 2020 as the date for a successful conclusion of the Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI, the Agreement), the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania were sceptical. However, after discussions, with Lithuania appearing to be the most visible opponent of CAI among the Baltic nations, all three eventually upheld the proposal. Understanding that the ratification of CAI is unlikely after the mutual exchange of sanctions between the EU and PRC in March, 2021, the report nevertheless examines the roots of the Baltic position as a case study of inter-EU bargains, inspects what factors contributed to the Baltic position on the issue of CAI, presents the national pro- and counter-arguments to CAI along the domains of geo-politics, values, and economy, and brings up the dilemmas that remain unsolved.