Evaluating the Big Five as an Organizing Framework for Commonly Used Psychological Trait Scales

The Big Five is often represented as an effective taxonomy of psychological traits, yet little research has empirically examined whether stand-alone assessments of psychological traits can be located within the Big Five framework. Meanwhile, construct proliferation has created difficulty navigating the resulting landscape. In the present research, we developed criteria for assessing whether the Big Five provides a comprehensive organizing framework for psychological trait scales, and evaluated this question across three samples (Total N = 1,039). Study 1 revealed that 83% of an author-identified collection of scales (e.g., Self-Esteem, Grit, etc.) were as related to the Big Five as at least 4 of 30 Big Five facets and Study 2 found that 71% of scales selected based on citation counts passed the same criterion. Several scales had strikingly large links at the Big Five facet level, registering correlations with individual Big Five facets exceeding 0.9. We conclude that the Big Five can indeed serve as an organizing framework for a sizable majority of stand-alone psychological trait scales and that many of these scales could reasonably be labeled as facets of the Big Five. We recommend an integrative pluralism approach, where reliable, valid scales, are located within the Big Five and pertinent Big Five research is considered in all research using trait scales readily located within the Big Five. By adopting such an approach, construct proliferation may be abated and it would become easier to integrate findings from disparate fields.

Does Consumer Need for Uniqueness Influence Travel Decision-Making?

The present paper aims to assess the impact of Consumer Need for Uniqueness (CNFU) in tourists on travel decision-making, particularly, with regard to preferred destination types and activity preferences. The impact of self-attributed need for uniqueness (SANU) in moderating the aforementioned relationships is also examined. The data has been collected using a cross sectional survey on a sample of 288 tourists from various destinations in India. The hypotheses were tested through CFA and SEM using SPSS. The findings indicate that an individual with more need for uniqueness, both as a psychological trait and as a consumer disposition, may prefer unique destinations and unique activities in comparison to those with lower SANU and CNFU. This has important implications for travel and tourism marketers who may appeal to the NFU trait in tourists while promoting travel destinations and activity packages that provide unique, curated experiences for better acquisition and retention efforts.

PERSPEKTIF PERSONALITI DAN PSIKOLOGI TERHADAP DENIM JEANS LELAKI DALAM MUZIK DAN FESYEN DI ERA REVOLUSI PERINDUSTRIAN KE-4

Abstrak Sifat psikologi menerangkan cara di mana setiap orang berbeza antara satu sama lain. Ini merupakan konsep Maslow dan keperluan psikologi. Sehubungan itu, ramai artis Malaysia menggemari seluar jeans semasa membuat tayangan pentas, penggambaran drama atau filem dan kehidupan seharian. Sebagai contoh, artis dan muzik yang dipersembahkan memainkan peranan besar ke arah fesyen. 40 responden lelaki dipilih secara rawak berumur antara 23 hingga 30 tahun berhampiran Kuala Lumpur. Objektifnya adalah bagi memahami gaya pemotongan yang sesuai dengan dapat membezakan pelbagai gaya yang sedia ada dan melambangkan keperibadian lelaki terhadap penggayaan seluar jeans. Kajian ini menekankan kepada pelbagai penggayaan seluar jeans dalam mencerminkan keperibadian lelaki. Data dianalisis menggunakan kaedah kualitatif. Kajian ini diharap dapat memberi kefahaman tentang keperibadian terhadap refleksi identiti diri lelaki di Kuala Lumpur menggunakan kaedah Pakej Statistik Sains Sosial (SPSS). Abstract Psychological trait describes ways in which people are different from each other. This follows Maslow concepts and psychological needs. In relation, many Malaysian artists favour jeans wearing during stage show, drama shooting or film and daily life. For instance, both the artist and the music they sing can play a huge role in which direction the fashion industry moves. 40 male respondents are randomly selected, aged from 23 to 30 years old near Kuala Lumpur. The objectives are to understand the cutting styles that fits the person by being able to differentiate various styles available reflecting men’s personality towards jeans styles. By undertaking a quantitative method, the study was able to provide an insight into the personality of self-identity reflection towards men in Kuala Lumpur using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The study emphasizes on whether men’s personality was reflected by different styles of denim jeans

Investigating relationship between psychological trait resilience and forgiveness among internally displaced persons

Aim In general, conflict has many adverse effects on individuals’ lives. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between psychological trait resilience and forgiveness among internally displaced persons (IDPs). Method The sample consisted of 244 IDPs (111 males and 133 females) who have been exposed to various stressful situations. Age of participants ranged between 18 and 60 years (M = 32.63 years, SD = 8.18). Psychological Trait Resilience Scale and Enright Forgiveness Inventory were used through a cross-sectional study to collect data. Results The results showed that IDPs reported low levels of resilience and forgiveness. The results also indicated that ecological resilience was positively related with emotional, behavioral, and cognitive forgiveness, while engineering resilience was positively related with emotional and cognitive forgiveness. Adaptive resilience was found to be positively related with emotional forgiveness. Regression analysis indicated that ecological resilience uniquely predicted emotional, behavioral, and cognitive forgiveness after controlling for demographic characteristics. Conclusion These results suggest that higher levels of resilience are important for forgiveness among IDPs. Interventions aiming to enhance IDPs’ forgiveness should account for psychological trait resilience.

The Psychology of Morbid Curiosity

The success of horror films, popularity of true crime, and prevalence of violence in the news implies that morbid curiosity is a common psychological trait. However, research on morbid curiosity is largely absent from the psychological literature. In this paper, I present a novel psychometric tool for assessing morbid curiosity, defined as a motivation to seek out information about dangerous phenomena, and use it to investigate the psychological nature of morbid curiosity. In studies 1 and 2 (n_total = 1370), the Morbid Curiosity Scale was developed and its relationship to personality was assessed. Morbidly curious individuals were rebellious, socially curious, and low in animal reminder disgust. Study 3 (n = 317) demonstrated that trait morbid curiosity is stable over 4-6 weeks and that morbidly curious individuals prefer movies where threat is a central theme. In Study 4 (n = 137), participants were presented with a choice between a morbid stimulus and a highly controlled non-morbid stimulus. Morbid curiosity predicted over half the variance (r2 = .53) in decisions to further investigate a morbid stimulus. These four studies provide evidence that morbid curiosity is a normally occurring psychological trait that can be accurately assessed using the new 24-item Morbid Curiosity Scale.

Gender and Overconfidence in the Kauffman Firm Survey

While an emerging line of research has begun to examine how firm survival correlates with the psychological trait of overconfidence, almost none of this work looks at how this relationship is mediated or modified by the minority status of the individual within the area of entrepreneurship. We employ a proportional hazard survival model and analyze the Kauffman Firm Survey (KFS) of entrepreneurs during the period of 2004-2012. We find that, while overconfidence relates to firm survival, it is more strongly related to survival for female than for male entrepreneurs. Our analysis is unique in examining the trait of overconfidence for small firm survival, and it is the first that we know of to stratify the effects of this overconfidence by gender. The present work has implications for possible methods and strategies to promote the entrepreneurship of individuals from underrepresented groups, with an eye towards owner-overconfidence helping female-led firms to survive the first few years of a firm’s existence.

Understanding Humility as Intellectual Virtue and Measuring It as Psychological Trait

While the actions and behaviors associated with humility have been lauded as exemplary by many and condemned as detrimental by others, this chapter will explore the intellectual experience of humility and how it is measured as a personality trait in psychology. This chapter will examine humility through the lens of Aristotle’s virtuous golden mean, where intellectual humility lies between intellectual arrogance (deficiency) and intellectual servility (excess). In support of this, research shows that intellectually humble people demonstrate more careful and open-minded thinking styles, which can create a more thoughtful and open intellectual environment around them. The chapter will conclude with implications of intellectual humility in various domains, including business, leadership, and medical contexts.