Vocational Rehabilitation for Persons With Visual Impairment at the Community: A Case Study in Dong Da District, Hanoi City, Vietna

Work has been emphasized by the WHO, ILO, and UNESCO for years as to how individuals can escape poverty, secure the necessities and improve his/her economic and social status. In this sense, vocational rehabilitation is regarded as the means for persons with disabilities to access work. However, in the absence of either these programs or full respect for their right to work, they have been encountering different barriers in employment accessibility. This happens more seriously in developing countries, including Vietnam. Through mixed methods of desktop reviews, a survey with 110 persons with visual impairment in the community, and in-depth interviews with 10 key stakeholders, the article aims at briefing an overview on current situations of their employment as well as vocational rehabilitation services and support for occupations in Dong Da District, Hanoi City. Several key findings indicate that they have been coping with unemployment or low-tech and low-paid jobs. There is an intensive gap between needs and service supplies in physical, cognitive, and psychosocial components. In the community, available programs target supporting them in terms of physical aspects rather than cognitive and social components. Finally, the authors discuss more various vocational programs, capacity building to other potential providers, and awareness-raising.

The classification of education in surveys: a generalized framework for ex-post harmonization

All social science (and many other) surveys measure respondents’ educational attainment. However, most of them do it in different ways, resulting in incoherent education variables across surveys. This complicates the cumulation of different datasets and hampers survey data reuse. For cross-national surveys that are designed to be comparative from the outset, methods for ensuring comparability in the measurement of education across countries have improved substantially over the last decades, relying on ex-ante output harmonization. For ex-post harmonization, the situation is more difficult because the data have already been collected, with education measures that only partly overlap in the amount and kind of information they store about respondents’ education. This results in aggregated measures when harmonizing data ex-post. Such aggregated measures may underestimate associations with education in multivariate analyses, leading to biased results. They also do not allow testing hypotheses on the effects of specific types of education, such as vocational programs. This paper presents a new framework for harmonizing education variables ex-post, building on the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) and experience from cross-national surveys using ex-ante harmonization. It includes a new coding scheme called ‘generalized ISCED’ or GISCED, and extension variables standardizing aspects of education not covered by ISCED. It proposes solutions for problems that specifically occur in ex-post harmonization, for example source categories spanning ISCED levels. The paper also shows how to apply the GISCED framework to existing data. An empirical illustration shows how detailed harmonized education measures may give insights for research and policy not possible with more aggregate measures.

Specifics of Project Management of Development and Implementation of DPO Programs in Universities: Role of Educational and Scientific Centers

In the article the features of organization of the system of supplementary education in Russian universities in the conditions of modern reality are considered. Among them are the accelerating shift of professions, the concept of "long life learning", the digitalization of all spheres, including education, as well as a stable segment of the programs of professional education in the educational portfolio of a university is needed for its of sustainable competitiveness. As an example, there are proposed some perspective forms of organization of educational and scientific process which are new for the Russian practice of managing education. One of these forms could be an educational-scientific center in a university as a union of the departments and research units in the relevant subject area, structurally separated from the classical forms of faculty and completely different from it. The last one is classically managed individually, collegially or on the basis of linear-functional approach, especially in Russia. The education & science center of Management in the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics is given as an example. It is a really successful division of the university, which has a confidently leading position in the internal rating system for KPI and a stable portfolio of orders for research and vocational programs for the corporate segment, which ensures the implementation of financial plans and guarantees the sustainability of a university’s budget. The article provides generalized practical recommendations for building the processes of development, promotion and implementation of vocational programs, taking into account the differentiation by basic target groups of consumers (students), diverse technologies for their training and creating basic versions of the educational products.

Cognitive remediation and professional insertion of people with schizophrenia: RemedRehab, a randomized controlled trial

Background People suffering from schizophrenia cannot easily access employment in European countries. Different types of vocational programs coexist in France: supported employment, sheltered employment (ShE), and hybrid vocational programs. It is now acknowledged that the frequent cognitive impairments constitute a major obstacle to employment for people with schizophrenia. However, cognitive remediation (CR) is an evidence-based nonpharmacological treatment for these neurocognitive deficits. Methods RemedRehab was a multicentric randomized comparative open trial in parallel groups conducted in eight centers in France between 2013 and 2018. Participants were recruited into ShE firms before their insertion in employment (preparation phase). They were randomly assigned to cognitive training Cognitive Remediation for Schizophrenia (RECOS) or Treatment As Usual (TAU). The aim of the study was to compare with the benefits of the RECOS program on access to employment and work attendance for people with schizophrenia, measured by the ratio: number of hours worked on number of hours stipulated in the contract. Results Seventy-nine patients were included in the study between October 2018 and September 2019. Fifty-three patients completed the study. Hours worked / planned hours equal to 1 or greater than 1 were significantly higher in the RECOS group than in the TAU group. Conclusions Participants benefited from a RECOS individualized CR program allows a better rate of work attendance in ShE, compared to the ones benefited from TAU. Traditional vocational rehabilitation enhanced with individualized CR in a population of patients with schizophrenia is efficient on work attendance during the first months of work integration.

MANAJEMEN PESERTA DIDIK BERBASIS PESANTREN DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER DI MADRASAH ALIYAH NURULHUDA PRINGSEWU TAHUN PELAJARAN 2016/2017

This study aims to describe: (1) Implementation of Pesantren Based Student Management in Character Formation, (2) Success of Character Building Through Pesantren Based Student Management, And (3) Supporting Factors And Impediments of Pesantren Based Student Management in Character Building in MA Nurul Huda Pringsewu. The result of research shows that pesantren boarding school management in character formation in MA Nurul Huda Pringsewu use three strategy step, that is moral knowing, moral feeling, and moral action. And in its application using four management functions, namely; (2) Organizing: establishing an organizational structure with the Asatidz Council Pondok Pesantren Nurul Huda Pringsewu (3) Implementation: launches four programs, namely: (a) formal system, (b) non-formal system, (c) organizational system, (d) vocational system. (4) Supervision: direct supervision and through evaluation of Headmaster along with Nurse and Board of Asatidz Pondok Pesantren Nurul Huda Pringsewu. The successful management of pesantren-based learners in the formation of these characters can be seen from the achievement of existing indicators in the field, that is, there are ten values of characters that are formed: religious, honest, tolerance, discipline, self-reliant, friendly / communicative, democratic and respectful. While supporting factors and inhibiting the management of pesantren-based learner in the formation of character in MA Nurul Huda Pringsewu, supporting factors ayaitu: (a) motivation kyai, ustadz / teacher, and students who support, (b) adequate learning media, (c) climate and the tradition of pesantren that supports, (d) the figuration of kyai and ustadz / teacher as concrete examples, (e) vocational programs with adequate media, and (f) intimate communication between institutions and society. The inhibiting factors include: (a) inadequate learning media care standards, (b) pesantren traditions with simplicity, (c) lack of critical culture, (d) uneven activity effectiveness, and (e) negative external cultures. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: (1) Penerapan Manajemen Peserta Didik Berbasis Pesantren Dalam Pembentukan Karakter, (2) Keberhasilan Pembentukan Karakter Melalui Manajemen Peserta Didik Berbasis Pesantren, Dan (3) Faktor Pendukung Dan Penghambat Manajemen Peserta Didik Berbasis Pesantren Dalam Pembentukan Karakter di MA Nurul Huda Pringsewu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, manajemen pesertadidik berbasis pesantren dalam pembentukan karakter di MA Nurul Huda Pringsewu menggunakan tiga langkah strategi, yaitu moral knowing, moral feeling, dan moral action. Dan dalam aplikasinya menggunakan empat fungsi manajemen, yaitu; (1) Perencanaan: (a) menentukan nilai-nilai karakter yang diprioritaskan, (b) melakukan sosialisasi, (c) mempersiapkan program harian, dan (d) melaksanakan pembiasaan dalam perilaku keseharian.(2) Pengorganisasian: membentuk struktur organisasi dengan Dewan Asatidz Pondok Pesantren Nurul Huda Pringsewu.(3) Pelaksanaan: mencanangkan empat program, yaitu: (a) sistem formal, (b) sistem non formal, (c) system organisasi, (d) system vokasional. (4) Pengawasan: pengawasan langsung dan melalui evaluasi Kepala Sekolah bersama Dengan Pengasuh Dan Dewan Asatidz Pondok Pesantren Nurul Huda Pringsewu. Keberhasilan manajemen peserta didik berbasis pesantren dalam pembentukan karakter ini dapat dilihat dari ketercapaian indikator yang ada di lapangan, yaitu ada sepuluh nilai karakter yang terbentuk: religius, jujur, toleransi, disiplin, mandiri, bersahabat/komunikatif, gemar membaca, peduli lingkungan, kreatif, demokratis dan hormat/menghargai. Sedangkan factor pendukung dan penghambat manajemen peserta didik berbasis pesantren dalam pembentukan karakter di MA Nurul Huda Pringsewu, factor pendukungny ayaitu: (a) motivasi kyai, ustadz/guru, dan siswa yang menunjang, (b) media pembelajaran yang memadai, (c) iklim dan tradisi pesantren yang mendukung, (d) figurisasi kyai dan ustadz/guru sebagai teladan konkrit, (e) program vokasional dengan media yang memadai, dan (f) komunikasi yang akrab antara lembaga dengan masyarakat. Sedang factor penghambat meliputi:(a) standar perawatan media pembelajaran belum memadai, (b) tradisi pesantren dengan corak kesederhanaannya, (c) minimnya budaya kritis, (d) efektivitas kegiatan belum merata, dan (e) budaya negative dari luar. Kata kunci: Manajemen PesertaDidik, Pesantren, Pembentukan Karakter

Developing policies for adult sexual minorities with mental health needs in secured settings

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) people are more likely to be disproportionally placed in a secured setting such jails, prisons, and forensic hospitals. These settings can be traumatizing, hostile, and dangerous—especially for those who are suffering from mental illness. Administrators are encouraged to develop institutional policies that undoubtedly include that LGBT residents should be free of discrimination, victimization, and abuse. LGBT residents should have equal access to safe housing, vocational programs, rehabilitation services, as well as medical and mental health treatments. Several organizations provide guidelines to ensure that LGBT residents are protected. This article provides a general roadmap for developing LGBT policies in secured settings synergizing the recommendations of some of these organizations with emphasis on policy guidelines for transgender people that are not only standards for good care but also very cost-effective interventions that can help reduce symptoms of mental illness for this population.

Manajemen Program Vocational Life Skill Pondok Pesantren

<em>Archiving and reporting of the progress of the implementation of vocational programs have not been implemented properly so that the evaluation phase was not well coordinated. Pesantren in its development are not only religious education institutions but also functioned as non-formal education to educate and guide students to have vocational life skills that match their interests and talents. This study aims to uncover the processes of planning, organizing, implementing and monitoring life vocational programs at Baitul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School in Bandung. The research method used is qualitative. The results showed; first, planning is carried out at the beginning of the academic year of pesantren learning; secondly, organizing was divided into 3 coordinators: agriculture and animal husbandry, electricity and water engineering mechanics, buying and selling and trading; third, the implementation is carried out by giving field assignments directly by tutors to students consisting of 80% practice and 20% theory; fourth, supervision is carried out by the field coordinator through the achievement of field assignments and oral and written reports from each field by students.</em>

Lokal yrkesfagskultur og ulikhet i fortellinger om ungdoms utdanningsvalg

The literature on vocational educational aspirations typically lacks a conception of space, place and local employment opportunities. This article compares two locations in Norway, that is, the capital Oslo, characterised by knowledge-intensive industries, and a rural district in Rogaland, characterised by manufacturing and oil-related industries, to illuminate how aspirations, class and location intersects. In Oslo, there is a lack of available apprenticeships, a strong east-west segregation regarding enrolment to vocational education and training, and few schools provide vocational programs. In contrast, Rogaland has a firmly established vocational culture, and large shares of youth opt for vocational educations following ten years of compulsory schooling. Drawing on interviews with young people in Oslo and Rogaland, the case-comparative analysis illustrates how these two locations are (re)producing very different educational logics, directing youth either away from or towards vocational education. The article aims to contribute to understandings of educational aspirations by advocating place-sensitivity in the complex ways that social inequality in education is shaped, maintained and reinforced.

Å forstå regionale forskjeller i gjennomføring i videregående opplæring

Earlier studies have demonstrated large county differences in rates of completion in upper secondary education in Norway, and to explain this it is usual to control for individual characteristics. However, this article's main focus is the context the student is growing up in, how municipal traits can help explain countywide variations in completion. Controlling for individual and context (municipal) characteristics decreases the county differences, and this is particularly true for academically-oriented programs. For vocational programs, however, there are still differences, but these can be partly explained by contexts, such as the home municipality's educational level, unemployment, industrial structure and centrality. We find that different aspects of the home municipality appear to affect educational programs differently. If the parent’s educational level is high, the chance of completing the academic programme or programme for health and social studies increases, while to come from a less urban area increases the chance of completing the programmes building and construction and technical and industrial production. Sammendrag Det har lenge vært påvist store fylkesforskjeller i gjennomføring i videregående opplæring i Norge, og for å ta hensyn til dette har det i tidligere studier vært vanlig å kontrollere for ulike individkjennetegn. Denne artikkelens hovedfokus er imidlertid å se på disse regionale forskjellene. Hva betyr konteksten eleven vokser opp i, det vil si hjemsted eller hjemkommune, og hvordan kan det bidra til å forklare fylkesvise variasjoner i fullføring? Fylkesforskjellene i gjennomføring reduseres om man kontrollerer for ulike typer kjennetegn på individ- og stedsnivå, og dette gjelder spesielt for studieforberedende utdanningsprogrammer. For yrkesfaglige programmer gjenstår derimot noen forskjeller om man kontrollerer for individkjennetegn, men disse forskjellene kan delvis forklares av kontekst, slik som hjemkommunens utdanningsnivå, ledighet, næringsstruktur og sentralitet. Vi finner at ulike aspekter ved hjemkommunen ser ut til å påvirke ulike utdanningsprogrammer ulikt, ved at høyt utdanningsnivå øker sjansen for å fullføre studiespesialisering eller helse- og sosialfag, mens for eksempel det å komme fra en ikke-sentral kommune er positivt for gjennomføring i bygg og anleggsfag eller teknikk og industriell produksjon.

Theory of discrete devices

The textbook presents the basic concepts of integrated digital devices, codes, the basics of logic algebra, electronic component base of digital chips, circuit implementations of integrated circuits of combinational and sequential types, examples of synthesis of contactless and relay-contact circuits and finite state machines, the principles of functioning of pulse generators and generators, arithmetic logic and memory devices. Is intended for students of internal and correspondence forms of education of specialty "power and electrical engineering" and the specialty "system of trains", it may be useful to students of other technical specialties and areas of training related to the study of circuit design, students of additional vocational programs, engineering staff range of power supply involved in the operation of systems of telemechanics, relay protection and automation.