Doctors, Drugs, and Danger

Scholarship on young adult (YA) literature has long attended to the interrelationship of power, ideology, and narrative. Drawing on this scholarship, we examined a nonfiction text about the opiate epidemic. Using critical comparative content analysis (CCCA), our study examined differences in Dreamland (the original version) and Dreamland (the young adult adaptation) to better understand the changing nature of textual representation when youth become the imagined audience. We found that in the youth adaptation of Dreamland, the implied youth reader is (a) provided less information about the opiate epidemic, which is also delivered in a simpler structure; (b) kept at a greater rhetorical distance from people who might be deemed unsavory, and (c) given a more optimistic view of the opiate epidemic in terms of progress achieved rather than action needed. The youth adaptation of Dreamland, therefore, positions youth as needing simplicity, protection, and a sense of optimism. Our analysis demonstrates how the implied youth reader is a textual byproduct of discourses of adolescence/ts. As youth adaptations continue their prominence in the YA marketplace, scholars and teachers should critically engage how youth are positioned as readers and thinkers by the YA publishing industry. Next steps involve additional studies that focus on the implied (youth) reader through CCCA and studies that involve middle and secondary education students, the real readers of these texts. This study is supplemented by an interview with Sam Quinones, the author of the original version of Dreamland.

Level Keterbacaan Buku Teks Bahasa Indonesia: Analysis Faktor Gender

Research purpose to: (1) describe the readability of the Indonesian textbooks Curriculum 2013 for male students of class VIII; (2) describing the readability of Indonesian textbooks Curriculum 2013 for female students of class VIII; (3) describe the differences in the readability of the Indonesian textbooks Curriculum 2013 in male and female students of class VIII.This type of research is quantitative research. The sample used in this study was grade VIII as many as 62 students. 25 male students and 33 female students. Determination of the sample is done by total sampling technique. The instrument in this study was a cloze test. Data analysis techniques used statistical analysis of independent sample t-test. The results of the study concluded: (1) the level of readability of the Indonesian textbooks Curriculum 2013 for male students of class VIII are categorized as difficult or low (frustation) on all texts tested, with the percentage of respondens in exposition text (88.9%), explanatory text (77.8%), review texts (100%), persuasive texts (95.6%), and nonfiction texts (95.24%). (2) Level of readability of Indonesian textbooks Curriculum 2013 for female students of class VIII are categorized as difficult or low (frustation) on all texts tested, with the percentage of respondens in exposition text (56.3%), explanatory text (59.4%), review text (88.23) %), persuasive texts (64.7%), and nonfiction texts (86.2%). (3) Based on the statistical test results obtained significance value of the review text 0.015, persuasive text with a significance value of 0.004, and nonfiction text with a significance value of 0.005. This shows that there are significant differences in the level of readability of Indonesian textbooks Curriculum 2013 for male and female students of class VIII in the review text, persuasive text, and nonfiction text. As for the text that does not have significant differences, namely exposition text and explanatory text.Keywords: readability, textbooks, gender

THE CONCEPT OF «GRATITUDE» AS A VERBAL AND VALUABLE DOMINANT OF MEDIATEX (on the example of Thanksgiving day)

The article is devoted to the study of the concept of «gratitude» relevant in modern discourse on the material of the media texts combined in the book Thanksgiving day (of the daily All-Ukrainian newspaper «Day»). An attempt is made to determine the conceptual content of the concept of «gratitude» through the verbalized means of objectifying this ethnocultural formation. The concept of «gratitude» in the analyzed texts plays the role of the semantic dominant, viewed through the prism "Without memory there is no gratitude, and without gratitude there is no historical (institutionalized) memory" which defined their semantic structure. An attempt was made to identify the axiological potential of «gratitude» as the dominant of a nonfiction text, where expressive expression is a means of achieving maximum impact on the reader. The leading meanings-values ​​are gratitude-self-esteem, gratitude-happiness, universal cultural regulation.

Journalism or Writing? (On the Syncretism of the Documentary and Fiction in Russian Writers Creative Works)

The article continues the discussion of the “phenomenon of journalism” in the creative heritage of Russian writers of the early twentieth century. The diary as a genre has always been at the center of research interests, but so far the criteria for “diary” have not been defined either by literary critics, or by theorists of journalism. At the turn of the century, diaries were kept by many artists of the word, it was the only genre that allowed expressing thoughts on pressing issues, which made it possible to attribute this genre definitely to journalism. At the same time, there is a tendency in the works of scientists to note the “informational possibilities of this type of ego-document for the study of the humdrum of a particular topos” (E.M. Krivolapovа), thus relating it to documentary prose. The subject of the analysis is the genre of diary prose by Ivan Bunin and Mikhail Prishvin. Written at the same time, the diaries of these writers reflect — each in its own way — one era — the bloody revolutionary present. The article poses the problem of the relationship between documentary and fiction in the diary genre. By comparing the diaries of Bunin and Prishvin, the author proves that a nonfiction text may well have a certain aesthetic value, but not the aesthetic, but rather the ethical aspect becomes dominant in nonfiction. This is manifested in the topical, socially significant problems of the work, and in the author’s striving to reduce the distance between his consciousness and the consciousness of the reader, and in the special lexical and grammatical structure of the phrase (Bunin's Cursed Days). Prishvin's diaries on the selection of vital material suggest that his position is artistic when the artistic image becomes the only true one in the presentation and perception of the world.

Teacher Use Of Interactive Read Alouds Using Nonfiction In Early Childhood Classrooms

Children enter kindergarten in the United States with large differences in their background knowledge, vocabulary, and early literacy experiences. There is a strong relationship between language development during the early years and reading ability in the primary grade and teachers must understand the importance of developing vocabulary and its relationship to literacy. It is essential that teachers provide time and effort to quality language experiences. One researched based strategy to accomplish this is the use of interactive read-alouds. Teachers have traditionally used fictional literature in the classroom, but there is growing research that nonfiction or informational literature are also needed to provide children with quality vocabulary building experiences in the early school years. This research study examined the results of a survey that was given to childcare providers and preschool through 2nd grade teachers about the amount of time they read aloud to children and the amount of time they spend reading fiction compared to nonfiction text. Results showed that teachers in classrooms (pre- through 2nd grade) reported reading to children almost every day, though the time devoted to this activity was a small percentage of the total time spent in class. Also, nonfiction literature was a small percentage of the literature that was being read to children. The findings in this paper have implications for practice in the field. Because vocabulary development is a key ingredient in the learning-to-read process and is a predictor of success in future reading skills, teachers in the early grades should be aware of the benefits of using interactive read alouds and the genre of nonfiction literature in vocabulary development.