Translation from The Perspective of Meaning Triad

This paper offers a comprehensive survey of translation ethics within the theoretical frame of Lady Welby’s meaning triad concerning the relationship between ethics and translation in the meaning process of sign activities. The paper mainly discusses such aspects as: (1) the relationship between meaning triad and translation ethics, (2) upward translation as a method to maximize ethical value and (3) enhancement of translation ethics as a goal of upward translation. The results of the paper can be found as the following: 1. the evolutionary process of meaning from sense to meaning and then to significance is the path for the improvement of translators’ cognitive ability and the sublimation of translator or interpreter’s ethics and morality. 2. Upward translation serves as a key to enhancing translators’ ethical consciousness.3. translation, meaning and ethics are correlated and interrelated mechanism. Therefore, the implications of the dynamic and dialogic view of translation and meaning will provide an interdisciplinary theoretical vision for the construction of translation ethics. Keywords: meaning triad; upward translation; translation ethics

Ethics in translation practice

The interest in and understanding of ethics among translation scholars has changed dramatically since the publication of Andrew Chesterman’s proposal for a Hieronymic Oath (Chesterman, 2001). Early definitions of ethics based on equivalence (Newmark, 1991), faithfulness, loyalty (Nord, 1997) and trust have been put aside in favour of more recent notions of translator ethics grounded in accountability (Baker & Maier, 2011) and social responsibility (Drugan & Tipton, 2017). Practising translators who abide by codes of ethics/conduct are bound by principles of honesty, integrity, linguistic competence, confidentiality, and trust. This paper begins by presenting a brief literature review of the main developments in translation ethics from the early linguists to contemporary interpretations. There then follows an analysis and comparison of several professional codes of conduct from the main international associations of translators and interpreters with the benchmark, the Association of Translation and Interpreting Professionals (APTRAD). It is one of the more recent translator associations and has a code of conduct adopted in the last six years. The objective of this paper is to determine which theoretical definitions of ethics are reflected in the codes of conduct and to discuss their usefulness for translators in their daily practice. The paper ends with recommendations for changes to codes of conduct to make them more relevant to practising translators.

Translation ethics wikified: How far do professional codes of ethics and practice apply to non-professionally produced translation?

Translation involves ethical decision-making in challenging contexts. Codes of practice help professional translators identify ethical issues and formulate appropriate, justifiable responses. However, new and growing forms of community translation operate outside the professional realm, and substantial differences exist between the two approaches. How relevant, then, are professional codes in the new contexts? What alternative ‘codes’ (stated or implicit) have been developed by the new groups? The content of professional codes is compared here to a broad range of community approaches to identify themes common across both, and areas where the new community might be making an original contribution. This reveals different priorities in the professional and non-professional codes. Community translation initiatives have found novel solutions to some ethical problems and challenges, particularly in self-regulation and community policing, improved interpretation of code content, an emphasis on shared values rather than individual rights, and strong mentoring.

Translation Dilemmas at the Hungarian Dance University

The amount of documents for translation is constantly growing at the Hungarian Dance University. The present paper briefly outlines the basic principles and some of the results of translation studies as an independent discipline. It takes a glimpse into certain issues of translation ethics and translation techniques. Based on texts for translation at the University, several examples highlight translation challenges in general and creating (dance) terminology. A detailed section is devoted to the necessity of proofreading, revision and the importance of revising source language texts as well. A proposal urges to set up a translation workshop.

Clinical Translation, Ethics, and Policy

Many representations of clinical translation present it as a linear process by which bench discoveries are advanced into clinical practice. The present chapter offers a conceptual framework that highlights distinctive ethical aspects of clinical translation. The framework understands clinical translation as a process not so much as developing new treatments but rather generating evidence on how to use (and how not to use) new as well as old interventions. It also emphasizes attending to the relationship of different studies with each other and the importance of coordinating different studies with each other. The model presented here foregrounds the role of coordination in realizing societal objectives of clinical translation at minimal burden and cost for patients and study volunteers.

Ethical Issues of Neural Machine Translation

The paper is focused on the issues of machine translation ethics. The goal of the present study is to discuss the role of neural machine translation tools from an ethical point of view and their impact on humans. Although traditionally ethics of translation is viewed in terms of sameness and difference, it is human translator who is a party to ethics of translation. It is discussed that translators should rely on technology as a helpful leverage in their job, since it allows them to be faster and more productive. On the other hand, we take an interest in examining the extent to which translation technology tools are given power. Neural machine translators can be unsupervised by humans, therefore viewed as a party to ethics of translation.