Local Wisdom of Capital in Development in Aceh Besar Regency

Development using a centralized approach without developing community self-reliance today is unable to solve various social problems due to the lack of developing community presence in development activities. Community development will be effective when local wisdom is used as capital by utilizing existing organizations or habits at the local level. In this case, the government as the party that provides encouragement and assistance in implementing development is enough to act as a facilitator and motivator. Let the community formulate and implement the types of development activities and how to implement them. Based on this description, the objectives of this research are as follows: (1) To describe local wisdom as development capital in the study of social reality in Aceh Besar Regency. (2) To analyze the forms of local wisdom used in development in Aceh Besar Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach in describing local wisdom as development capital with data collection techniques that the researchers did through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The research informants were determined by purposive sampling with consideration of their experiences in social life and their personalities. The results of the study indicate that the high level of local wisdom possessed by the people of Aceh Besar Regency is caused by a strong social base, as well as the historical orientation and dimension of the formation of social values ​​and norms in social life due to the similarity of religion and kinship relations, so that it has an impact on implementation. development. Local wisdom that supports development in the form of agreements, cooperation, participation that is used as a habit can produce high cohesiveness in the people of Aceh Besar, and there is a passion for charity in carrying out development as well as a sense of volunteerism that evokes self-reliance as well as a strong sense of social solidarity in society. Local wisdom possessed by members of the Aceh Besar Regency community is used as capital in development in the form of trust, social networks and social norms that are still strong enough to support the realization of development in accordance with community expectations.

Street smarts and org charts: Professional expertise and the production of urban integration

Sociologists have shown causal effects of the community presence of organizations on connectedness, crime, entrepreneurship, and crisis resilience. But city- and community-level studies conceal how organizational features shape the production of urban integration. We contend that organizations may produce social integration, creating social ties among constituents, as well as systemic integration, connecting constituents to institutional resources. We argue that organizations’ ability to produce social and systemic integration is principally due to whether organizational members draw on suite-level expertise (“I know the system”) or street-level expertise (“I know the people”) when they relate to their constituents. Representative survey data of nonprofits in the San Francisco Bay Area collected over 15 years shows that nonprofits’ production of urban integration depends on these forms of expertise. Comparative interviews explain why professional staff and managers boost systemic integration, whereas volunteer staff and members foster social integration. The paper contributes to scholarship in organizational and urban sociology by examining the organizational production of social and systemic integration and by shedding light on unintended consequences of professionalization. Our results challenge the stylized fact that nonprofits necessarily create community and suggest alternative ways to understand and operationalize how organizations are embedded in their urban environment.

Community context matters for bacteria-phage ecology and evolution

Bacteria-phage symbioses are ubiquitous in nature and serve as valuable biological models. Historically, the ecology and evolution of bacteria-phage systems have been studied in either very simple or very complex communities. Although both approaches provide insight, their shortcomings limit our understanding of bacteria and phages in multispecies contexts. To address this gap, here we synthesize the emerging body of bacteria-phage experiments in medium-complexity communities, specifically those that manipulate bacterial community presence. Generally, community presence suppresses both focal bacterial (phage host) and phage densities, while sometimes altering bacteria-phage ecological interactions in diverse ways. Simultaneously, community presence can have an array of evolutionary effects. Sometimes community presence has no effect on the coevolutionary dynamics of bacteria and their associated phages, whereas other times the presence of additional bacterial species constrains bacteria-phage coevolution. At the same time, community context can alter mechanisms of adaptation and interact with the pleiotropic consequences of (co)evolution. Ultimately, these experiments show that community context can have important ecological and evolutionary effects on bacteria-phage systems, but many questions still remain unanswered and ripe for additional investigation.

Community presence, motivation, and identity

This study examines the extent to which the motivation of university students of Italian in Melbourne (Australia) is influenced by the visibility of a local Italian community. The research relies on data collected by open-ended questions and two Likert items from a survey study (n = 74) as well as in-depth interviews (n = 5). The findings show that learners’ motivation is influenced by their exposure to the L2 language and culture in the local context and by their engagement with a community that forms part of Australia’s culturally and linguistically diverse population. Students’ investment in the L2 can be interpreted in light of a new identity dimension, the community-engaged L2 self, which builds upon previous motivational variables (integrative orientation, ideal L2 self), as well as scholarly insights into the link between language, identity, and access to L2 resources. This self-characterizes both heritage and non-heritage learners’ positioning through the L2 in the local socio-context and is expected to hold considerable pedagogical significance.

Negative resistance and resilience: biotic mechanisms underpin delayed biological recovery in stream restoration

Traditionally, resistance and resilience are associated with good ecological health, often underpinning restoration goals. However, degraded ecosystems can also be highly resistant and resilient, making restoration difficult: degraded communities often become dominated by hyper-tolerant species, preventing recolonization and resulting in low biodiversity and poor ecosystem function. Using streams as a model, we undertook a mesocosm experiment to test if degraded community presence hindered biological recovery. We established 12 mesocosms, simulating physically healthy streams. Degraded invertebrate communities were established in half, mimicking the post-restoration scenario of physical recovery without biological recovery. We then introduced a healthy colonist community to all mesocosms, testing if degraded community presence influenced healthy community establishment. Colonists established less readily in degraded community mesocosms, with larger decreases in abundance of sensitive taxa, likely driven by biotic interactions rather than abiotic constraints. Resource depletion by the degraded community likely increased competition, driving priority effects. Colonists left by drifting, but also by accelerating development, reducing time to emergence but sacrificing larger body size. Since degraded community presence prevented colonist establishment, our experiment suggests successful restoration must address both abiotic and biotic factors, especially those that reinforce the ‘negative’ resistance and resilience which perpetuate degraded communities and are typically overlooked.

The Business of Mediation

Chapter 4 examines the organizations that intervened in domestic disputes and analyzes their reasons for intervening. These organizations included women’s nongovernmental organizations, women’s committees, political parties, and criminal gangs. Members of these organizations worked as brokers, transforming grievances into the language of the law and mediating between women and the state. Brokers had distinct and at times contradictory understandings of domestic violence and gender inequality, and some were even ideologically opposed to legal claims and women’s rights. Yet, all of them profited from their mediation services. Domestic disputes provided them access to financial, social, cultural, and political capital: opportunities to establish and expand their community presence, appear socially relevant, secure jobs, raise money, and form personal relationships with state officials.

PENGARUH METODE EMOTIONAL DEMONSTRATION TERHADAP PENINGKATAN CAKUPAN PENIMBANGAN BALITA DI POSYANDU

Posyandu (Integrated Service Post) is one form of Community-based Health Efforts (UKBM) carried out by, from and with the community, to empower and provide facilities to the community to obtain health services for mothers, infants and toddlers. In Posyandu activities there are indicators that determine the success of activities, one of which is the coverage of weighing toddlers as a form of community presence. The problem of coverage of underfive weighing in Indonesia was found to be the difference between the number of toddlers and toddlers weighed, namely 12,817,382 toddlers. This data was obtained from info Datin (Health Data and Information Center of the Republic of Indonesia) in 2014. In East Java Province an estimated number of toddlers was 2,985,934, and the number of toddlers weighed 1,588,030 so that there were still 50% that were not included in the coverage of underfive weighing. The results of the preliminary study of the number of children under five were present 45% irregularly in attendance each month. Even though nutrition monitoring with weight weighing must be done every month. While the monthly attendance limit for 1 year is 8 x. This presence needs cadre participation as part of the community itself. This study aims to determine whether there is the influence of the emotional demonstration method on increasing the coverage of underfive weighing. This study uses a one shot case study pre-experimental research design. The population is all under-five mothers in Sidodadi Village, which number 333 people. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. Test Statistics used to see the relationship between variables bound to independent variables. The analysis used was the chi-square statistical test of significance level of 95% (alpha 0.05) using SPSS. The results of 333 respondents, mothers of children under five who came to the Posyandu village of Sidodadi, Probolinggo Regency in December 2018 - June 2019 before the emodemo were attended by 153 mothers and when there was an emodemo activity the number of attendees increased to 285 mothers who attended Keposyandu .. Test results statistic is pvalue <0.05. The conclusion of this study is that there is the influence of the emotional demonstration method on increasing the coverage of underfive weighing in the Posyandu village of Sidodadi.

Organizational Capacity and Performance of Community Sport Clubs

Using a multidimensional framework, the authors developed the Community Sport Capacity Scale to measure the key elements of capacity in community sport organizations or clubs and investigate their relative impact on three key indicators of club performance. Presidents or their representatives from 336 community sport organizations in 20 sports across the province of Ontario, Canada, completed the web-based survey measuring the extent of various elements of human resources, infrastructure, finance, planning, and external relationships capacity. The survey also measured club operations, programs, and community presence, identified as key performance outcomes. Controlling for club size, elements representing all five capacity dimensions were significantly associated with the outcomes. The findings highlight the rich information that may be generated from a multidimensional and context-specific perspective on organizational capacity, and indicate implications for building capacity in community sport organizations.

Challenges of an established amateur sport: Exploring how wheelchair basketball grows and thrives through a sport development lense

Wheelchair basketball has been played in the United States for more than 70 years, and the National Wheelchair Basketball Association (NWBA) governing body has professionalized the sport to some extent with a league and culminating annual championship for its eight divisions. However, teams continue to face challenges that characteristically align with those of amateur sport in addressing recruiting and retaining athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the challenges elite, competitive wheelchair basketball programs face and to understand their approach to recruiting and retaining athletes with disabilities to play the sport. Green’s (2005) theory of sport development was chosen as the lens for this study because of its focus on establishment of a sport for sustainability through athlete participation. An online open-ended questionnaire was sent to all 139 NWBA team contacts, with 28 responses representing multiple divisions within the league. Findings revealed that teams were primarily formed through unstable means of personal interest and community needs as well as stable means of university and rehabilitation hospital systems. Participants identified funding as the biggest challenge as they offered little support for tournament travel or financial rewards for athletes. Teams recruited athletes through social connections and community presence, but offered little structure for their means of retaining athletes. These findings show the NWBA teams operate with challenges akin to amateur sport due to uncertainty of funding and athlete sustainability.

3462 Community-Engaged Research in Emergency Dispatch: Getting a 360 View

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Community-engaged research can provide important input to researchers to understand the impact of health services on diverse communities. In emergency (911) dispatch research, most studies have focused on specific health conditions, especially on identifying and managing those conditions remotely and identifying the most appropriate resources to send. Community-engaged research can add a needed component to these studies, identifying not only what happens when someone calls 911, but who calls and who doesn’t, what barriers community members encounter when they call, and what they expect from their 911 service. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical and Translational Science outlined a method for identifying and evaluating the needed competencies and readiness of individual researchers to do effective community-engaged research. The investigators involved in an ongoing study on community attitudes toward 911 propose to use the methods outlined in that study to receive feedback from their Community Advisory Board on their own competencies and readiness. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: It is anticipated that 13 people will be involved in providing feedback to the investigators, including all official member of the Community Advisory Boards and all supportive academic staff and faculty. The feedback will be gathered using a survey instrument developed from the recently-published study and will include questions about the purpose of the research, openness to feedback, communication, cultural sensitivity, community presence, power sharing, recognizing partner contributions, and developing community capacity. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Identifying the most appropriate resources to send to any given emergency is the primary role of the emergency dispatcher. However, they are also public servants, providing care and comfort in a time of stress to members of many diverse communities. As such, it is critical that they understand the needs and expectations of those communities, as well as the barriers they face in calling 911. The proposed study adds value to an ongoing community-engaged research project by providing feedback about readiness and competency to the investigators.