Development of a technological complex for thermofriction hardening of products with a circular cross section

There are many methods of influencing the structural state of the surface of products of different shapes and different purposes. At the same time, the increase in the relevance of the application of a particular method is closely related to its ability to provide high hardening rates while reducing the cost of such products. The TFН technology has already shown its high efficiency in strengthening surfaces [1]. In addition, studies were conducted on the hardening of surfaces of different profiles [2]. However, the best results are achieved when hardening flat surfaces. In this regard, it is entirely appropriate to conduct research that is related to the development of a technological complex that would include the optimal ratio of processing factors to ensure the necessary level of hardening in the studied objects that have a circular cross-section. Goal. The purpose of this work is to develop a technological complex for processing objects with a circular cross-section. To achieve this goal, metallographic and durometric studies of samples in the initial state and after processing were carried out. At the same time, the changes in the structure and mechanical properties that occur in steel due to processing were studied. Method. The method of thermal friction hardening includes a combined effect of heat and deformation on the treated surface. The peculiarity of this method is the deformation under short-term heating conditions. This makes it possible to further strengthen pre-hardened materials. Results. Under the influence of TFC, significant changes are observed in the structure of cylindrical samples made of 65G steel. This is expressed by the formation of a so-called "white surface layer" in the surface of these samples, which has an ultra-high microhardness [13, 14]. The properties of this layer depend on the initial state of the material, the conditions and modes of conducting TFН.

Software and technological complex of identification of sea vessels based on the use of radar space images Sentinel 1

The paper considers the problem of using images from SAR satellites for the identification of seagoing vessels. It describes the main functions of software and technological complex of the automated monitoring. The system is operated with utilizing space images of SAR satellites Sentinel 1A (B). The algorithmic part, which implements the detection on the sea surface the marks associated with ships, is described in details. To reduce the impact of speckle-noise, the image is pre-processed with the improved Lee-filter. Further processing lies in using an adaptive threshold algorithm that provides detection for each local background fragment of the image the unusually bright pixels, at the same time the algorithm provides a constant probability of error. By solving a nonlinear equation, for each position of the background window the algorithm finds the threshold brightness value and then all pixels above this value are considered vessels. In advance the evaluation of parameters of statistical distribution of pixels’ brightness is performed for each position of the background window. K-mean is used for such distribution. The selected bright pixels are combined into compact groups and their size and coordinates are being determined. The obtained results are compared with the data of the AIS, Automatic Identification System of ships, and the results are displayed on a cartographic basis.

Estimation of response time of laser complex data processing nodes

The work is devoted to problem of information exchange between elements and devices of a telecommunication network for laser technological complex. The laser complex is a combination of hardware and software designed to carry out operations based on the use of laser radiation. Laser complex structure provides a possibility of remote control through a client-server system built on the basis of TCP/IP protocol. The main requirements for industrial network of the complex are performance and predictability of information delivery time. To solve this problem, a probabilistic model for calculating the numerical characteristics of the distribution of requests timeout for external commands from control/monitoring nodes is proposed.

Managing Complexity in a Digital Transformation

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that today doing business without digitalization is simply impossible, thanks to new technologies, operations have appeared that ten years ago we could not even imagine, and many of the familiar ones, in turn, have been transformed beyond recognition. At the same time, with the growth of the technological complex, corporate architectures continue to rapidly become more complex. The purpose of this study is to develop tools for managing complexity as one of the components of the VUCA world. The experience and evidence of why the leaders of digital transformation need to change their thinking are presented, the author's interpretation of complexity is given and how to manage it. The practical significance of the study will allow organizations to develop a strategy for the formation of a corporate culture in the context of digitalization of business processes.

Using the Methodology for the Comprehensive Assessment of Scientific and Technological Projects to Estimate Risks of their Failure

The article proposes approaches to assessing the risk of non-implementation of scientific and technological projects, based on the analysis of data from institutions for innovative development of information, and carried out following the requirements of a comprehensive assessment of projects’ technological readiness. One of the approaches presented allows you to build a matrix for subsequent analysis that describes the possibility of a project oving to a higher level of development, and the second is based on identifying empirical dependencies between the level of readiness of the project being executed and the risk of violating its deadlines. Examples of applying the developed approaches for practical tasks on program activities of target programs in the field of research and development in priority areas of the scientific and technological complex of Russia are given. The described models are intended for use in the governing bodies of innovative development institutions to increase the implemented support programs’ efficiency.

Simulation modeling in the design of the operation of technological complexes

Production areas of technological complexes are complex systems consisting of a large number of equipment with a different organizational structure. One of the most important and complex stages of designing such sites is the technological preparation of production, during which it is necessary to meet the following requirements: to ensure the required performance parameters in the manufacture of a given range of manufactured products; to minimize the irrational use of space. When developing the technological process of pre-production, it is necessary to rationally select the equipment and its position in a given room; to select and design the necessary technological equipment; to develop labor standards, materials, fuel and energy to ensure the required productivity. To determine the best option for the layout of the production site at the project stage, it is proposed to create a model of the production process at the proposed site using simulation design programs. Determining and selecting the required parameters (for example, the load factor of the equipment, the time of arrival of the workpieces at the production site, the time of the greatest loading of the loader, etc.) will reduce the time to choose the optimal layout of the technological complex.

Measurement Assurance of Additive Manufacturing on the Example of Laser Surface Polishing Products by Remelting

The article presents the results of studies of the surfaces of parts processed by the contactless method of laser polishing. The results of technological surface treatment using a laser technological complex based on an ytterbium fibre laser with a power of 5 kW are presented. The results of studies of the surface roughness of the samples after laser treatment, including the non-uniform character due to the redistribution of the liquid metal melt over the surface, are shown. Requirements for metrological support of additive technology have been developed using the example of the process of laser remelting in order to improve quality and further automation.

Thermodynamic analysis of the thermal-technological complex of sugar production: criteria for energy efficiency of an enterprise

A procedure for analyzing the effectiveness of using fuel and energy resources (FER) in sugar production, based on the developed idealized circuit of the thermal-technological complex (TTC) as the base for comparison was presented. This procedure makes it possible to quantify the level of perfection of existing and proposed thermal circuits, as well as the impact of measures for enhancing energy efficiency on their perfection. By idealizing technological and energy processes, a hypothetical TTC was synthesized, for which the minimum possible energy and entropy characteristics are determined. Under these conditions, the minimum possible heat consumption for the implementation of technological processes according to the classical heat technology circuit was calculated – 118.40 MJ/t; a "minimum" total increase in entropy from irreversible processes of the HTC – 314.68 kJ/(t·K); a minimum complex magnitude of specific consumption of conventional fuel – 0.8 % to m. b. The determined characteristics are absolute criteria for the efficiency of sugar production systems, since it is impossible to reach lower values under existing technology, quality of raw materials and other conditions. The content of the criteria of energy efficiency of TTC was stated and the system of coefficients was proposed: coefficient of total energy efficiency of the TTC, coefficient of energy efficiency of the system of heat supply of the technological processes and coefficients of energy efficiency of internal and external structures of the TTC. The proposed criteria provide an objective and thermodynamically correct characteristic of the TTC of different structures. The presented results of analysis of various measures for increasing the energy efficiency of sugar production show that only a gradual comprehensive reconstruction of an enterprise makes it possible to consistently reduce the FER consumption for technological needs, approaching the boundary values.