An Investigation into the Bulk and Surface Phase Transformations of Bimetallic Pd-In/Al2O3 Catalyst during Reductive and Oxidative Treatments In Situ

A series of oxidative treatments of PdIn-supported intermetallic nanoparticles at different temperatures were performed. The bulk and surface structure of catalyst during phase transformation was investigated by bulk- and surface-sensitive techniques (in situ XAFS, DRIFTS of adsorbed CO). It was found that comparison of palladium and indium fractions in bulk and on the surface suggests the formation of a «core-shell» structure. According to obtained results, the core consists of In-depleted intermetallic compound or inhomogeneous bimetallic phase with the inner core of metallic Pd, when a mixture of indium oxide, metallic palladium and small part of PdIn is present on the surface.

Modified ultradispersed diamonds based catalytic systems in cross-coupling reactions

Methods for preparation of nanocomposites of modified detonation nanodiamonds (DND) with metallic palladium have been developed and their catalytic activity in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction in various reaction media has been studied. Methods for the regeneration of palladium-containing nanocomposites from the reaction mixture have been developed. The high catalytic activity of nanocomposites is confirmed by kinetic analysis based on the results of chromatographic analysis of the reaction mixture and is comparable to the literature data about similar catalytic systems. Regenerated nanocomposites showed the retention of catalytic activity for 3 consecutive cross-coupling cycles on model systems.

Synthesis of Supported Heterogeneous Catalysts by Laser Ablation of Metallic Palladium in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Medium

To obtain a supported heterogeneous catalyst, laser ablation of metallic palladium in supercritical carbon dioxide was performed in the presence of a carrier, microparticles of γ-alumina. The influence of the ablation process conditions—including supercritical fluid density, ablation, mixing time of the mixture, and laser wavelength—on the completeness and efficiency of the deposition of palladium particles on the surface of the carrier was studied. The obtained composites were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy using energy dispersive spectroscopy. We found that palladium particles were nanosized and had a narrow size distribution (2–8 nm). The synthesized composites revealed high activity as catalysts in the liquid-phase hydrogenation of diphenylacetylene.

A tri-metallic palladium complex with breast cancer stem cell potency

A multi-nuclear, triangular-shaped palladium(ii) complex is shown to equipotently kill bulk cancer cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the micromolar range.

Reaction Acceleration of Nanoporous High-Purity Pd Film Formation by Dealloying of Al-Pd-N Film in pH-Controlled EDTA Solution

Metallic palladium (Pd) is used for hydrogen storage and detection. Fabrication of a nanoporous (NP) Pd structure can increase the specific surface area leading to a significant improvement in the sensitivity. In our previous study, we succeeded in forming a NP-Pd film by dealloying an Al-Pd alloy film using citric acid as a chelating agent. This method was environmentally friendly but had a long reaction time and a considerable amount of Al remained after dealloying; hence, the Pd purity was reduced. In this study, we succeeded in forming a higher purity NP-Pd film faster by dealloying the nitrogen-containing Al-Pd (Al-Pd-N) film using ethylene-diamine-tetraacetic-acid (EDTA) as a chelating material.

Decomposition of Al2O3-Supported PdSO4 and Al2(SO4)3 in the Regeneration of Methane Combustion Catalyst: A Model Catalyst Study

Exhaust gas aftertreatment systems play a key role in controlling transportation greenhouse gas emissions. Modern aftertreatment systems, often based on Pd metal supported on aluminum oxide, provide high catalytic activity but are vulnerable to sulfur poisoning due to formation of inactive sulfate species. This paper focuses on regeneration of Pd-based catalyst via the decomposition of alumina-supported aluminum and palladium sulfates existing both individually and in combination. Decomposition experiments were carried out under hydrogen (10% H2/Ar), helium (He), low oxygen (0.1% O2/He), and excess oxygen (10% O2/He). The structure and composition of the model catalysts were examined before and after the decomposition reactions via powder X-ray diffraction and elemental sulfur analysis. The study revealed that individual alumina-supported aluminum sulfate decomposed at a higher temperature compared to individual alumina-supported palladium sulfate. The simultaneous presence of aluminum and palladium sulfates on the alumina support decreased their decomposition temperatures and led to a higher amount of metallic palladium than in the corresponding case of individual supported palladium sulfate. From a fundamental point of view, the lowest decomposition temperature was achieved in the presence of hydrogen gas, which is the optimal decomposition atmosphere among the studied conditions. In summary, aluminum sulfate has a two-fold role in the regeneration of a catalyst—it decreases the Pd sulfate decomposition temperature and hinders re-oxidation of less-active metallic palladium to active palladium oxide.

Enhanced release of palladium and platinum from catalytic converter materials exposed to ammonia and chloride bearing solutions

Results suggest that systems with elevated salinity and trace ammonia could induce release of palladium/platinum from emitted vehicle catalytic converter (VCC) materials; electron microscopy suggests the presence of non-metallic palladium in VCCs.