Herbal Medication of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Narrative Review

A mouth ulcer or recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a mouth mucous tissue inflammation. This disease mainly occurs in patients 10-40 years of age, preferably in women and high socioeconomic backgrounds. The cause of mouth ulcers or RAS could be trauma, infection, digestive problems, or blood disorders. Herbal practitioners widely use herbs, folks, and society to treat various diseases. This research aimed to describe the herbal treatment for RAS. The review results show there are nine plants with the ability to cure RAS, they are Persea americana Mill., Averrhoa bilimbi L., Abrus precatorius Linn., Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze., Psidium guajava L., Kaempferia galanga Linn., Aloe vera, Curcuma longa and Citrus hystrix DC. The most parameters used in the studies are clinical trials and in vitro tests.

Formulation and evaluation of herbal gel for management of mouth ulcers

: or mouth ulcers is the most common condition that we encounter. Clinically the lesions are single or multiple superficial and deep sealed and are associated with microbial invasions.: This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of herbal drugs for treatment of In the research work, mouth ulcer gels were formulated incorporating the extracts of as and using 934 as the gelling agent. Seven batches were formulated by varying the concentration of the herbal ingredients (F1 to F7)The prepared formulations were evaluated for various parameters like physical appearance, pH, Homogeneity and antimicrobial activity against fungi and bacteria. The antimicrobial activity was also compared with a marketed gel formulation. All the prepared formulation using different concentration of plant extract showed the pH values in between 6.1±0.2 to 7.0±0.1. The values ranged between the 5.0 to 8.0 cm. Out of all the formulations, formulation F7 containing all the three herbal extracts showed a goodand very promising antimicrobial activity comparable with a marketed gel. Thus stable, effective gels containing herbal ingredients for management of mouth ulcers can be developed.

Pemphigus Vulgaris- A Case Report

Introduction: Pemphigus is a rare and life-threatening autoimmune disease characterized by blisters and erosion of the skin and mucous membranes throughout the entire body. It mostly affects the mouth, eye, nose, throat as well as genitals. Pemphigus vulgaris is most common type of pemphigus. The epithelial lesions are caused by autoantibodies reacting with desmosomal glycoproteins found on the keratinocyte's cell surface. The binding of immunoglobulin G autoantibodies to desmoglein 3, a transmembrane glycoprotein adhesion molecule found on desmosomes, is the underlying process that causes intraepithelial lesions. Case Presentation: A 40-year-old male patient came to the hospital with a complaint of a mouth ulcer and a genital lesion that had been since 15 years. He is having a history of oral ulcer in oral mucosa and involvement of genital area in glans penis with a history of pain, bleeding, difficulty in swallowing. Intervention: The patient was admitted to the hospital on 29/07/2021 and taken Inj. Rituximab 1gm in 500Ml Normal Saline in infusion pumps in over 6 Hours. Conclusion: In this case report, we mainly focus on expert dermatological management and excellent nursing care in managing the rare complicated case nicely. Early diagnosis and treatment of pemphigus Vulgaris help determine the course of the disease of the patient and is done by a dermatologist.

Conversion From Calcineurin Inhibitors to Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Inhibitors in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

BackgroundA systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to investigate the efficacy and safety of conversion from calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) to mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTORi) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane Library were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the continuation of CNI with conversion to mTORi therapy.ResultsTwenty-nine RCTs (5,747 KTRs) were included in our analysis. Meta-analysis of the glomerular filtration rate (SMD 0.20; 95%CI 0.10–0.31; P<0.01) and malignancy (RR 0.74; 95%CI 0.55–0.99; P=0.04) demonstrated a significant advantage of mTORi conversion over CNI continuation. However, the risk of acute rejection (RR 1.58; 95%CI 1.22–2.04; P<0.01), infection (RR 1.55; 95%CI 1.01–1.31; P=0.04), proteinuria (RR 1.87; 95%CI 1.34–2.59; P<0.01), leukopenia (RR 1.56; 95%CI 1.27–1.91; P<0.01), acne (RR 6.43; 95%CI 3.43–12.04; P<0.01), and mouth ulcer (RR 11.70; 95%CI 6.18–22.17; P<0.01) were higher in the mTORi group. More patients in the conversion group had to discontinue study medication (RR 2.52; 95%CI 1.75–3.63; P<0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to death, graft loss, diabetes, chronic allograft nephropathy, and interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy.ConclusionsPosttransplant patients have a better graft function and lower incidence of malignancy after conversion from CNI to mTORi therapy. However, this conversion strategy may be prevented by the higher drug discontinuation rate due to mTORi-associated adverse events, such as more acute rejection, infection, proteinuria, leukopenia, acne, and mouth ulcer, indicating that conversion therapy may only be a treatment option in selected patients.

Herbs used in treatment of mouth ulcer- a review

The traditional medical study is an integral part of the culture and the perception of health by indigenous population in almost world since primordial times. India has used its knowledge of traditional or herbal medicine to prevent and cure diseases. As herbal medicine have fewer side effects in comparison with synthetic medicine they are getting increase patient compliance against allopathic medicines. Oral ulcers are very common ailment of the oral mucosal membrane. An open sore of the skin or mucus membrane lining marked by sloughing of inflamed dead tissue is known as a mouth ulcer. In this article we discuss on the topic “herbal gel for the treatment of mouth ulcer”. There is a list of herbs which contain flavonoids which are most commonly used for the treatment.

Lupus Eritematosus Sistemik pada Pria

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by presence of nucleus autoantibody and affected multiple organ. Systemic lupus erythematosus is more common in women than men with ratio 2:1 to 15:1. Men with SLE often have a more aggressive clinical course, lead to a poorer prognosis compared with women with SLE. Case Report: A man, 29 years old came to hospital with main complain joint pain increased since 1 week ago, accompanied with red spot on face, trunk, hands, foot, and back, hair loss, swollen leg, mouth ulcer, and fatique. Malar rash and discoid rash were identified from physical examination. From laboratorium, ANA profile was positive for RNP/Sm, Sm, dsDNA, and histone. Skin biopsy showed a lupus discoid. Conclusion: The patient was treated with pulse-dose methylprednisolone for 3 days and showed a good response clinically.

THE EFFECT OF LEHA KAMALA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BAHUPITTA KAMALA A CASE STUDY

Kamala is described under Raktavaha Srotas & Yakrit-pliha is the mula sthan of Raktavaha Srotas. Acharya Charaka said that Kamala is next stage of pandu mainly cause due to frequently consumption of Ushna (hot), Tikshna (spicy) food i.e. Pittaprakopak Ahara (increasing level of Pitta) but Sushruta and Vagbhata have accepted Kamala (Jaundice) not only as one of the complications of Pandu Roga (Aneamia) but also in association of other diseases. Due to these factors vitiation of Pitta (bile), Rakta (blood) and Mamsa (muscles) Dhatu occurs. Symptoms like yellowish discoloration of skin (Twak pitata), sclera (netra pitata), urine (Mutra pitata), stool (Purisha pitata) etc. are clinical symptoms of Kamala. Ayurveda believes in treating disease at its root cause from within. The present article is a case report of 56 years old male, farmer by profession visited in OPD and then admitted in IPD of Dr. M.N. Agashe Dharmarth Rugnalalaya, Satara on 07/12/2020 having complaining of Netra pitata (icterus), Mutrapitata (Yellowish urine), Adhmana (pain in abdomen), Sakashta mutrapravrutti (painful micturition), Padashotha (Bipedal edema), Mukhapaka (Mouth ulcer) from last 4 days. He was on antihypertensive drug regularly. He was having Arsha (bleeding hemorrhoids), also having h/o Kamala 2 years ago. The patient was treated with Ayurveda management under IPD and then OPD basis for 3 weeks. This helps to achieve complete curative and prophylactic management of Bahupitta Kamala through Ayurveda.