Serum apolipoprotein A-1 is related to inflammatory factors in the acute phase of gout

BACKGROUNDTo observe the correlation between serum apolipoprotein A-1(apoA-1) and inflammatory factors in patients with gouty arthritis. METHODSFrom February to September 2020, 97 patients with gout (gout group) and 70 healthy controls (control group) were selected as the study subjects，who were admitted to the outpatient department of Beijing lu he hospital affiliated to capital medical university.97 patients in the gout group were in the acute phase. Serum concentrations of apoA-1, NLRP3 inflammasome （NACHT-LRR-PYD protein 3,NLRP3), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-9 (IL-9) were detected. The correlation of serum apoA-1 concentration, gout related inflammatory factors (NLRP3, IL-1 beta, IL-9) and other clinical and laboratory indicators was analyzed. RESULTSThe serum apoA-1 concentration in the gout group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). With the increase of serum uric acid level, serum apoA-1 concentration decreased（R2=-0.3160，P<0.05）. Multiple linear analyses were performed to increase blood glucose, blood lipid, liver and kidney, etc, and the correlation remained（OR=-3.36，P<0.05）. With the increase of serum IL-1 beta concentration, serum apoA-1 concentration decreased（R2=-0.3993，P<0.05）. Multiple linear analyses were performed to increase blood glucose, blood lipid, liver and kidney, etc., and the correlation remained（OR=-2.95，P<0.05）. CONCLUSIONSIn the acute stage of gout, as the serum uric acid level increases, the serum IL-1β concentration increases and the apoA-1 concentration gradually decreases, which may indicate that apoA-1 participates in the inflammatory response of gout to a certain extent.

Consumption Pattern by Improving Blood Glucose Levels of Family Planning Acceptors of Injection Depo-Medroxy Progesterone Acetate

The most popular injection contraception in Kupang city is injection contraception. The use of injectable birth control, especially depo-medroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA) more than 4 times, will potentially increase weight. This weight gain, if not balanced with a healthy diet, will potentially increase blood glucose levels. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of consumption patterns with an increase in blood glucose levels in DMPA injection acceptor family planning in Kupang city. This study uses a cross-sectional design. 200 respondents selected using a purposive sampling technique with inclusion criteria have used DMPA injection family planning for more than 1 year and gained weight. Data collection uses a questionnaire and measurement of glucose levels uses auto-check. Data are analyzed bivariate and multivariate. The results of blood glucose level measurements showed that 32 (16%) of respondents have glucose levels above normal. The results of the analysis showed that the habit of consuming fatty foods significantly affected the increase in blood sugar of DMPA injection acceptor family planning.

Steroid-induced diabetes in cancer patients

Cancer and its treatments commonly require steroids to manage their side effects. Steroids increase blood glucose levels, causing new hyperglycaemia in patients with no known history of diabetes, termed steroid-induced diabetes mellitus (SIDM). This paper explores SIDM in cancer patients, identifying areas that could influence positive changes in current and future practice in its management and discuss their impact on practice in an outpatient setting. This paper concludes that active encouragement from staff can lead to an improved patient experience, as well as developing patient-led decisions and promoting self-managment

Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun dan Buah Ketapang Terhadap Malondialdehida Pankreas Rattus norvegicus Jantan dengan Hiperglikemia yang Diinduksi Aloksan dan Pakan Tinggi Lemak

<pre>Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by high levels of blood glucose. A high-fat diet can cause hyperglycemia .Hyperglycemia will cause the formation of free radicals which can damage cells. Aloksan is a chemical that can damage beta cells, resulting in decreased insulin production. Ketapang (<em>Terminalia catappa</em>) is a plant that can be used because of its antioxidant content. The administration of ketapang extract (<em>Terminalia catappa</em>) is thought to reduce levels of malondialdehyde. Malondialdehyde is a biomarker for the occurrence of lipid peroxidation in the body caused by an increase in free radicals due to the occurrence of oxidative stress.</pre><p> This study used Wistar rats divided into 4 groups. Three groups will be given high-fat diet for 7 days followed by induced alloxan at a dose of 90 mg / kgBW to increase blood glucose levels and pancreatic malondialdehyde levels. Then 2 groups will be given treatment for 14 days. The first treatment group was given Ketapang extract with a dose of 600 mg / kgBW and the second treatment group which was given glibenclamide using a dose of 0.09 mg / kgBW.</p><pre> The results showed that there was a significant decrease in pancreatic malondialdehyde in Wistar rats induced by glibenclamide (p = 0.016). In the group induced by ketapang leaf and fruit extract (Terminalia catappa) there was a decrease in malondialdehyde levels but was not significant (p = 0.916).</pre><p> Conclusions, this study indicated that the administration of ketapang leaf and fruit (<em>Terminalia catappa</em>) extract were able to reduce the levels of pancreatic malondialdehyde given a high-fat diet and induced by alloxan.</p><p> </p>

Therapeutic Use of Intranasal Glucagon: Resolution of Hypoglycemia

Episodes of hypoglycemia are frequent in patients with diabetes treated with insulin or sulphonylureas. Hypoglycemia can lead to severe acute complications, and, as such, both prevention and treatment of hypoglycemia are important for the well-being of patients with diabetes. The experience of hypoglycemia also leads to fear of hypoglycemia, that in turn can limit optimal glycemic control in patients, especially with type 1 diabetes. Treatment of hypoglycemia is still based on administration of carbohydrates (oral or parenteral according to the level of consciousness) or of glucagon (intramuscular or subcutaneous injection). In 1983, it was shown for the first time that intranasal (IN) glucagon drops (with sodium glycocholate as a promoter) increase blood glucose levels in healthy volunteers. During the following decade, several authors showed the efficacy of IN glucagon (drops, powders, and sprays) to resolve hypoglycemia in normal volunteers and in patients with diabetes, both adults and children. Only in 2010, based on evaluation of patients’ beliefs and patients’ expectations, a canadian pharmaceutical company (Locemia Solutions, Montreal, Canada) reinitiated efforts to develop glucagon for IN administration. The project has been continued by Eli Lilly, that is seeking to obtain registration in order to make IN glucagon available to insulin users (children and adolescents) worldwide. IN glucagon is as effective as injectable glucagon, and devoid of most of the technical difficulties associated with administration of injectable glucagon. IN glucagon appears to represent a major breakthrough in the treatment of severe hypoglycemia in insulin-treated patients with diabetes, both children and adults.

Effects of dexmedetomidine on glucose homeostasis in healthy cats

Objectives Alpha(α)2-agonist administration has been documented to increase blood glucose concentrations in many species. The aim of this study was to further describe the effect of dexmedetomidine on glucose and its regulatory hormones in healthy cats. Methods A randomized crossover study using eight healthy cats with a 14 day washout period was used to assess the effect of dexmedetomidine (10 μg/kg IV) and saline on glucose, cortisol, insulin, glucagon and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations at 0, 20, 60, 120 and 180 mins post-administration. Glucose:insulin ratios were calculated for each time point. Results Within the dexmedetomidine group, significant differences ( P <0.05) were detected: increased median (range) blood glucose concentrations at 60 mins (11.55 mmol/l [5.9–16.6 mmol/l]) and 120 mins (12.0 mmol/l [6.1–13.8 mmol/l]) compared with baseline (6.05 mmol/l [4.8–13.3 mmol/l]); decreased glucagon concentrations at 120 mins (3.8 pmol/l [2.7–8.8 pmol/l]) and 180 mins (4.7 pmol/l [2.1–8.2 pmol/l]) compared with baseline (11.85 pmol/l [8.3–17.2 pmol/l]); decreased NEFA concentrations at 60 mins (0.281 mmol/l [0.041–1.357 mmol/l]) and 120 mins (0.415 mmol/l [0.035–1.356 mmol/l]) compared with baseline (0.937 mmol/l [0.677–1.482 mmol/l]); and significantly larger ( P <0.05) glucose:insulin ratios at 60 mins compared with baseline. Insulin and cortisol concentrations were not significantly changed after dexmedetomidine administration. Conclusions and relevance Feline practitioners should be aware of the endocrine effects associated with the use of α2-agonists, particularly when interpreting blood glucose concentrations. The transient effects of dexmedetomidine on glucose homeostasis are unlikely to significantly affect clinical practice.