Review on critical technology development of avian radar system

Purpose This paper aims to review the critical technology development of avian radar system at airports. Design/methodology/approach After the origin of avian radar technology is discussed, the target characteristics of flying birds are analyzed, including the target echo amplitude, flight speed, flight height, trajectory and micro-Doppler. Four typical airport avian radar systems of Merlin, Accipiter, Robin and CAST are introduced. The performance of different modules such as antenna, target detection and tracking, target recognition and classification, analysis of bird information together determines the detection ability of avian radar. The performances and key technologies of the ubiquitous avian radar are summarized and compared with other systems, and their applications, deployment modes, as well as their advantages and disadvantages are introduced and analyzed. Findings The ubiquitous avian radar achieves the long-time integration of target echoes, which greatly improves detection and classification ability of the targets of birds or drones, even under strong background clutter at airport. In addition, based on the big data of bird situation accumulated by avian radar, the rules of bird activity around the airport can be mined to guide the bird avoidance work. Originality/value This paper presented a novel avian radar system based on ubiquitous digital radar technology. The authors’ experience has confirmed that this system can be effective for airport bird strike prevention and management. In the future, the avian radar system will see continued improvement in both software and hardware, as the system is designed to be easily extensible.

Vulnerability of Satellite Quantum Key Distribution to Disruption from Ground-Based Lasers

Satellite-mediated quantum key distribution (QKD) is set to become a critical technology for quantum-secure communication over long distances. While satellite QKD cannot be effectively eavesdropped, we show it can be disrupted (or ‘jammed’) with relatively simple and readily available equipment. We developed an atmospheric attenuation and satellite optical scattering model to estimate the rate of excess noise photons that can be injected into a satellite QKD channel by an off-axis laser, and calculated the effect this added noise has on the quantum bit error rate. We show that a ground-based laser on the order of 1 kW can significantly disrupt modern satellite QKD systems due to photons scattering off the satellite being detected by the QKD receiver on the ground. This class of laser can be purchased commercially, meaning such a method of disruption could be a serious threat to effectively securing high-value communications via satellite QKD in the future. We also discuss these results in relation to likely future developments in satellite-mediated QKD systems, and countermeasures that can be taken against this, and related methods, of disruption.

A Controlled Material Flow Forming Mechanism of Curve Cutter Forging in The Hot Impression Forging of The Medical Instrument

In this study, a forming process during producing medical surgery curve cutter stapler would be tentatively as well as numerically investigated and validated by the simulations. The reasons for the investigation are to find the critical technology of the forming process and to understand this medical tool head forming within the forming process associated with medical surgery curve cutter stapler and improve the traditionally forming process. Moreover, to understand the medical tool head forming, the novel forging process, and the parting line approach are offered and simulated by the FE software QForm, the method data on the medical tool head forging are investigated and compared with the experimental analysis. According to the outcomes of the simulations, the distributions of the forming process, some parameters have been gotten to explain and improve these microscopic phenomena. The precision of the numerical patterns has been confirmed by comparing them with the test dimensions. The offered revised model from the forming preform has been submitted to achieve an alike forging condition when reducing manufacturing cost After the improved method, measure the shrinkage width of the workpiece. Compared with the product of the traditional process, the widest area is 6.37mm shrink to 6.29mm. The shrinkage is about 1%. Compared with the previous result is 5%, the improvement plan has been optimized the outcomes very much.

Surface Patterning of Closed Nanochannel Using VUV Light and Surface Evaluation by Streaming Current

In nanofluidics, surface control is a critical technology because nanospaces are surface-governed spaces as a consequence of their extremely high surface-to-volume ratio. Various surface patterning methods have been developed, including patterning on an open substrate and patterning using a liquid modifier in microchannels. However, the surface patterning of a closed nanochannel is difficult. In addition, the surface evaluation of closed nanochannels is difficult because of a lack of appropriate experimental tools. In this study, we verified the surface patterning of a closed nanochannel by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light and evaluated the surface using streaming-current measurements. First, the C18 modification of closed nanochannels was confirmed by Laplace pressure measurements. In addition, no streaming-current signal was detected for the C18-modified surface, confirming the successful modification of the nanochannel surface with C18 groups. The C18 groups were subsequently decomposed by VUV light, and the nanochannel surface became hydrophilic because of the presence of silanol groups. In streaming-current measurements, the current signals increased in amplitude with increasing VUV light irradiation time, indicating the decomposition of the C18 groups on the closed nanochannel surfaces. Finally, hydrophilic/hydrophobic patterning by VUV light was performed in a nanochannel. Capillary filling experiments confirmed the presence of a hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface. Therefore, VUV patterning in a closed nanochannel was demonstrated, and the surface of a closed nanochannel was successfully evaluated using streaming-current measurements.

Multi-Drone Edge Intelligence and SAR Smart Wearable Devices for Emergency Communication

Disasters, either manmade or natural, call for rapid and timely actions. Due to disaster, all of the communication infrastructures are destroyed, and there is no way for connection between people in disaster and others outside the disaster range. Drone technology is the critical technology for delivering communication services and guiding people and monitoring the unwanted effects of a disaster. The collaboration of advanced technologies can reduce life losses, save people’s lives, and manage the disaster crisis. The network performance of collaboration between the Internet of Things (IoT) and drone edge intelligence can help gather and process data, extend the wireless coverage area, deliver medical emergencies, provide real-time information about the emergency, and gather data from areas that are impossible for humans to reach. In this paper, we focus on the network performance for efficient collaboration of drone edge intelligence and smart wearable devices for disaster management. We focus mainly on network connectivity parameters for improving real-time data sharing between the drone edge intelligence and smart wearable devices. The relevant parameters that are considered in this study include delay, throughput, and the load from drone edge intelligence. It is further shown that network performance can have significant improvement when the abovementioned parameters are correctly optimised, and the improved performance can significantly improve the guiding/coordinating of search and rescue (SAR) teams effectively and efficiently.

Research Review on the Application of Homomorphic Encryption in Database Privacy Protection

With the advent and development of database applications such as big data and data mining, how to ensure the availability of data without revealing sensitive information has been a significant problem for database privacy protection. As a critical technology to solve this problem, homomorphic encryption has become a hot research area in information security at home and abroad in recent years. The paper sorted out, analyzed, and summarized the research progress of homomorphic encryption technology in database privacy protection. Moreover, the application of three different types of homomorphic encryption technology in database privacy protection was introduced respectively, and the rationale and characteristics of each technique were analyzed and explained. Ultimately, this research summarized the challenges and development trends of homomorphic encryption technology in the application of database privacy protection, which provides a reference for future research.

Critical Technology Environment Management With CSR in BCCL

Mining is the most dangerous peacetime profession and coal mining is more so because of fire by spontaneous combustion, methane explosion, etc. Out of 7 subsidiaries of Coal India, Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. have maximum environmental challenges. The authors have studied the critical issues of management and presented summarily how the problems are being tackled. CIL has strongly fostered the belief that people living in mining areas are important stakeholders in the process of mine development and taking various activities for the development of the area. In this paper, the roles of different stakeholders in a coal company are analyzed for all-around development and cooperation. The global scenario on CSR has also been studied. In this paper, the authors have described special studies in sustainable mining with stakeholder engagement in Bharat Coking Coal Ltd, a subsidiary of Coal India Ltd, a major producer of valuable coking coal in India. The results ensured trouble-free operations among highly unemployed people in the mining areas, because of the closure of uneconomic mines. Keywords: Mines Fire Control; Pollution Control; Impact of Mining: Corporate Social Responsibility; Stake-holders role; Inclusive Growth.