Estimation of the Filled Two-Component Cold Curing Polymer System Performance as a Coating for Protecting Concrete Surfaces from the Aggressive Environment Exposure

A filled two-component polymer cold curingsystem (FTCPS) is discussed in the article. To assess its corrosion resistance and durability, the indexes of reagent resistance were determined in accordance with the sorption method. What is optimal, since this value depends on the parameters of mass transfer, the intensity of the reaction, the size of the product, the duration of exposure to aggressive media and other factors. As aggressive media were taken: water, 5% hydrochloric acid solution, 25% aqueous ammonia solution, 10% sodium hydroxide solution, saturated sodium chloride solution. The exposure time was 360 days. Reagent resistance evaluation of the developed FTCPScompositionswas carried out on the basis of guidelines for determining the anticorrosive properties of protective coatings of concrete and laboratory test methods. Changes in the mass of the samples and their reagent resistance as a result of exposure to chemical reagents simulating an aggressive environment during operation were evaluated. The change in the index of reagent resistance in laboratory conditions did not go beyond the value of 0.80, which makes it possible to ensure reliable protection and operation of polymer-coated products under conditions of exposure to these aggressive environments.

Investigation of gastrintestinal parasites in rabbits of the species Oryctolagus cuniculus in the Northwest region of São Paulo, Brazil

Enteroparasites can be pathogenic for the rabbit population and for this reason, we have investigated its occurrence in bioterium of rabbits. The sample group was composed of 103 adult males of the species Oryctolagus cuniculus and New Zealand breed. Fecal samples (n = 103) were processed using the Willis Techniques (Fluctuation in saturated sodium chloride solution with specific density of 1.20 g/mL) and Faust (Centrifugal-flotation in zinc sulphate with density of 1.18 g/ml). The diameters of larger and smaller sizes of the sporocysts and sporozoites of the coccidia were measured by means of optical microscopy using the program CellSens 1.17_00_en_Rhine_13Feb2017. The Faust Technique showed positivity of 39.74% (31/78) for Eimeria spp, while in Willis Technique, 35.90% (28/78) was observed for Eimeria spp, being the species Eimeria perforans and in 51.28% (47/78) of them there was no parasitism. We identified, for the first time, the occurrence of the specie E. perforans in rabbits of the species O. cuniculus, New Zealand breed kept in a bioterium. Therefore, it is extremely important for the implantation of parasitic control of rabbits kept in bioterium for scientific purposes, the monitoring of possible infections by means of periodic coproparasitological exams.

Workable Cadaveric Preservation for Developing Skills Training Models: A Review

Art of embalming as practised by Egyptian about 3000 years ago transformed into embalming science of modern ages with the use of formaldehyde as a preservative solution. Subsequently, the search for ideal embalming preservative solution continues to date because of the health hazards related to formaldehyde preservation of cadavers. Alternative preservative methods and solutions suitable for making different skill training models with the specific requirement of pliability have also experimented. The literature had documented various solutions like Thiel’s solution and technique, phenoxyethanol preservation, saturated sodium chloride solution, cryopreservation, N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, Ethanol–glycerin and Fix 4life solution as alternatives to formaldehyde preservation. This review is an attempt to have an overview comparison of all the recent alternate embalming methods applicable for developing skill training cadaveric models with an aim of reducing formaldehyde usage in preservation.

Amides as anticaking agents for sodium chloride: is a triple branched variant necessary?

The creeping pattern observed when a saturated sodium chloride solution containing 1% (w/w) methylglycine diacetamide is allowed to dry at ambient temperature.

The first detection of Eimeria Leuckarti in horses on the territory of the Russian Federation

Objective of research. The purpose of the study is to consider detection of Eimeria (Eimeria leuckarti) in horses in the Moscow region. Materials and methods. Samples of faeces were collected during the survey must reveal sport horses in ljuberetsky area of Moscow region before a scheduled deworming. Portion of samples was stored for months in a frozen state in the freezer. Faecal samples examined by flotation with saturated sodium chloride solution and sedimentation by the method of successive washings. To determine the viability of oocysts the feces were incubated in Petri dishes in the thermostat at 25 °C study of the incubated samples were determined after two weeks, one month and two months. Morphological studies of oocysts, morphometry and photographic documentation was performed using a microscope with a digital camera. Results and discussion. During routine coprological survey of sport horses in ljuberetsky area of Moscow region one 11-year-old horse in the samples of faeces were detected oocysts of coccidia Eimeria leuckarti. The intensity of invasion in koproskopicheskoe tests was low; the samples were found isolated instances of oocysts. This is the first time the detection of E. leuckarti on the territory of the Russian Federation. See the full list of countries that have so far been registered coccidia of the species.We trace the development of oocysts to sporulirovannyh stage in the laboratory. In a thermostat at 25 °C sporulation time exceeded one month. Brief description of the morphology of oocysts at different stages of development. Highlighted are unique among the coccidia peculiar structure of the shell oocysts E. leuckarti is the presence of the characteristic fossa on the inner surface of the shell opposite the micropyle pole. It is believed that it can serve as species specific taxonomic characteristic.

Comparative study of five techniques for the diagnosis of canine gastrointestinal parasites

Differences in the efficacy of diagnostic techniques employed in the parasitological examination of feces are a limiting factor of this laboratory procedure in the field of Veterinary Parasitology. To verify advances in this type of examination in dogs, we conducted a study using a new technique (TFGII/Dog). Fifty naturally infected dogs were housed in individual stalls, and their feces were evaluated comparatively using this technique and four other conventional techniques. The TFGII/Dog showed high levels of sensitivity and efficiency, surpassing the diagnostic accuracy of the other techniques with a kappa concordance index of 0.739 (Substantial), as opposed to 0.546 (Moderate), 0.485 (Moderate), 0.467 (Moderate), and 0.325 (Fair) of the Spontaneous-Sedimentation, Centrifugal-Flotation in Saturated Zinc Sulfate Solution, Centrifugal-Flotation in Saturated Sugar Solution, and Spontaneous-Flotation in Saturated Sodium Chloride Solution techniques, respectively. The combination of positive results of all techniques comprises eight genera of parasites, with Ancylostoma spp. predominating among helminths, and Cystoisospora spp. among protozoa. The TFGII/Dog technique showed better diagnostic performance, and can therefore be considered an important tool for optimizing the results of laboratory routines and for the control of canine gastrointestinal parasites.

First record of intestinal parasites in a wild population of jaguar in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Small and isolated wildlife populations may be more susceptible to disease, which makes illness an important issue to investigate regarding the conservation of large carnivores. Here, we present the results of the first investigation of intestinal parasites in one of the last remaining populations of jaguars in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We studied parasites from fecal samples using three different techniques for parasitological examination: floatation in saturated sodium chloride solution, sedimentation and formalin-ether centrifugation. Intestinal parasites were detected in 70% of the analyzed samples, and seven taxa (mean = 3.7 taxa/sample) were identified. All the groups of parasites that were identified have been recorded in previous jaguar studies. However, the records of Class Trematoda and nematodes Trichuridae are the first evidence of these groups of worms in free-ranging jaguars in Brazil. Although our results do not provide conclusive evidence on the health of this jaguar population, given its very small size (approximately 20 animals) we stress the need to properly understand the dynamics of disease in this wild population and to evaluate the risk of contracting new diseases from domestic species inhabiting the neighboring areas. These represent imperative actions for the successful conservation of this threatened population of jaguar.

Extraction of Parquat from Blood by Clinoptilolite

Paraquat is a bipyridyl herbicide and organic divalent cation which due to its high polarity and water solubility cannot be readily extracted by common organic solvents from body fluids. Dithionite color test for qualitative and quantitative determination of paraquat in urine has been proposed and used for many years. Although some methods were proposed for solvent extraction of paraquat from blood, they are less practical in clinical laboratories and lack high extraction recovery. Clinoptilolite is a highly porous natural zeolite with cation-exchange property and high surface area. In the present work, extraction of paraquat from human blood by clinoptilolite was investigated and compared with Amberlite CG-50 I, a well-known weak cation-exchanger. Blood paraquat was adsorbed by adsorbents (clinoptilolite or Amberlite) and extracted from them by saturated sodium chloride solution. Extracted paraquat was spectrophotometrically measured by means of sodium dithionite reagent at 394.5 nm. Recovery, limit of detection, considering signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of 3, and limit of quantification, regarding S/N of 10, of paraquat extraction by clinoptilolite and Amberlite CG-50 were 81.7% ± 3.4%, 0.58 μg, and 1.93 μg and 83.6% ± 3.2%, 0.49 μg, and 1.63 μg, respectively. Repeatabilities (within-laboratory error) of paraquat extraction by clinoptilolite and Amberlite CG-50 I were 7.1% and 6.3%, respectively.