Digitalization of public governance in the EAEU countries

Various aspects of digitalization of public administration in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union are considered. It is noted that digitalization is spontaneous and comprehensive, and also affects almost all spheres of public relations, including the system of public administration. In this regard, there is a need to develop a joint interstate policy in the field of institutionalization of the processes of digitalization of society. Digitalization is defined as a set of digital transformation of the processes of economic entities and the creation of digital products and services, and not just as digitization - the transfer of data from analog form to digital. In turn, the definition of the term “public administration” can be formulated as a set of mechanisms, processes, relationships and institutions through which citizens of the state, their associations express their interests, exercise their rights and obligations and settle differences. The analysis of the practice of institutionalization of the processes of digitalization of public administration demonstrates the fact that the main regulatory norms and practices in this sphere are fixed within the framework of national target programs.This article analyses the program and target documents of all the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union, affecting the digitalization regulation processes, the need to institutionalize the processes of digitalization of government and society, as well as the introduction of modern technologies in the practice of public administration. At the same time, the common element of all strategies, concepts and programs is only the digitalization of the process of providing public services, and the other parameters of the target documents are largely different. In this regard, it is required to form a unified model of digitalization of public administration of the Eurasian Economic Union on the basis of a unified strategy.

Digital Form of an Object of Intellectual Property as a Way to Increase its Competitiveness

Relevance. To analyze the problems of legal status’ determination of intellectual property objects’ in digital form in the framework of valid civil legislation. The study tested the admission of different basis for regulation of the intellectual property objects’ possession and use in the digital and analog form. Methodology: the methodological basis of the article is formal-logical law research method. Results. The author concludes that intellectual property objects in digital form exist only in Internet that give for its possessors more opportunities for digital contact distribution. Moreover digital form of the intellectual property object influences on the marketability of digital product in respect of broad list of methods’ use of this product and reduction of its cost in comparative with the analog object. The research provided digital and analog forms of the intellectual property objects are not the same as a whole in spite of its content unity. The author makes a conclusion that such categories as «original work» and «sample of work» can’t be used to the digital form of the intellectual property objects, because the objects in digital form are only the copies of the original work. Therefore legal regulation of the intellectual property objects depends on its forms. The author suggests considering license agreement made on form of click-wrap-agreement as application of the intellectual property objects in digital form. Discussion. The conclusions of the study can be used as a basis for further researches and lawmaking.

On the integration of the methods of forming and research of images of objects against the background of noises and interference

This article discusses the application of complex methods for detecting, recognizing, distinguishing borders and measuring various parameters of noisy, low-contrast, difficult-to-see images of space, air or ground objects. The problem of detecting, recognizing, distinguishing and measuring parameters of objects images (space or air objects, aircraft, ship, ground transport, people, coasts, etc.) is still among the very complex, completely unsolved radio engineering and telecommunications (“connected”) tasks. Currently, infrared (IR) direction finding, optical (laser location) direction finding and radar are used to detect, recognize, distinguish boundaries and measure the parameters of unknown objects against the background of external natural or artificial interference and noise. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, which do not always coincide. Therefore, it is of theoretical and practical interest to use them jointly, multifunctionally, or integrationally to identify objects against the background of external natural or deliberate interference and noise. When applying multifunctional methods for detecting, recognizing, distinguishing borders and measuring parameters of noisy, low-contrast images of objects against the background of external natural or artificial interference and noise. Digital processing of objects is mainly used now, which can be defined as a process during which an image is: modified to obtain a new one, which will be more convenient for research by a computer, or by the human eye; it is transformed into a certain set of characteristics and parameters visible and related to the observation area that are automatically analyzed by the computer, or directly presented to a person, taking into account pre-established criteria for developing a final conclusion about the studied object. Typically, the result of digital processing of the received signals is a new image that can be easily converted to analog form and directly observed on a computer display.

Prospects for the Digital Education Development: Analysis from the Standpoint of System-Activity Approach

Traditional "analog" form of the educational environment (textbook, system of classroom lessons) undergoes significant transformation driven by innovative educational configuration ("human – computer – digital educational environment"). Numerous electronic systems, resources, online-courses, mobile applications are developed and included in educational process. Immediate availability of considerable informational volumes and the content variability creates new operating conditions of personal cognitive processes. Since the possibilities and diversity of digital technologies are rapidly growing, and there are no adequate methodologies for studying them, studies of the problems of modern digital education – including its effectiveness – are still insufficient to develop generalized requirements for the effectiveness of e-learning. The fundamental issues of creating generalized model of digital education and digital educational environment on the basis of system and activity approach are discussed. Besides its theoretical importance for fundamental psychology and modern neuroscience and pedagogics, the model is important in terms of digital economy advancement and information society development in Russian Federation.

Dislocated Boardgames: Design Potentials for Remote Tangible Play

Conventional digital and remote forms of play lack the physicality associated with analog play. Research on the materiality of boardgames has highlighted the inherent material aspects to this analog form of play and how these are relevant for the design of digital play. In this work, we analyze the inherent material qualities and related experiences of boardgames, and speculate how these might shift in remote manifestations. Based on that, we depict three lenses of designing for remote tangible play: physicality, agency, and time. These lenses present leverage points for future designs and illustrate how the digital and the physical can complement each other following alternative notions of hybrid digital–physical play. Based on that, we illustrate the related design space and discuss how boardgame qualities can be translated to the remote space, as well as how their characteristics might change. Thereby, we shed light on related design challenges and reflect on how designing for shared physicality can enrich dislocated play by applying these lenses.

Linear-logical decision-making algorithm for signal processing

Introduction. Heuristic synthesis is used to improve the efficiency of reception and processing of discrete signals under aprior information pressure. The analysis of the decisionmaking algorithm for the linear-logical processing of discrete signals in case of the incomplete aprior data on their parameters is presented. The work objective is to develop and analyze the efficiency of the linear-logical algorithms.Materials and Methods. New mathematical algorithms for the signal reception and processing, effective under conditions of a priori uncertainty, are proposed. They are based on the consideration of the structure of emissions and process exceedance in the signal processing channels.Research Results. Linear-logical algorithms for processing discrete signals are developed. They are based on the consideration of one, two and more detailed characteristics of emissions or exceedance of random processes.Discussion and Conclusion. The results obtained can be useful in the synthesis of algorithms and devices for the signal reception and processing. Algorithms and devices are implemented both in an analog form and in the form of algorithms for computers. The simulation programs for the signal processing under conditions of the considerable uncertainty of aprior information on the signals and the channels of their distribution are developed.

ПРАВОВА ТА ТЕХНІЧНА ПРИРОДА ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ ДОКАЗІВ У ГОСПОДАРСЬКОМУ СУДОЧИНСТВІ

The article examines the legal and technical nature of electronic evidence in economic proceedings. The peculiarity of the nature of electronic evidence in economic proceedings is due to the digital nature of this type of evidence and is expressed in three aspects: form, content and order of its procedural certificate. The authors found electronic evidence in economic proceedings is data on the basis of which the economic court determines the presence or absence of circumstances (facts) presented on electronic media in the form of digital information that can be brought into analog form, perceive and evaluate in due process and personalized by digital coding.

Study and Comparison of Integrated Circuits in Digital and Analog Form of Present Day Technology – Review

Fifty years ago instrumentation and control (I&C) systems at nuclear power plants (NPP) were analog and relied on a mixture of mechanical, pneumatic and electric components. Today analog technology has been replaced with digital technology. Digital I&C has over the years experienced difficulties in the licensing process, which has delayed and escalated costs of both NPP and I&C projects. In the paper it is argued that some of the difficulties are connected to misunderstandings regarding differences between analog and digital I&C. These misunderstandings have led to unrealistic expectations regarding proofs that selected I&C systems can be considered acceptable. To ensure a successful licensing process it would be necessary to agree on evidence for safety that can be considered sufficient. Such evidence should be collected both from the I&C design process and from testing intermediate and final I&C solutions. By a combination of evidence from different sources it should be possible to build a safety case that can be agreed to give sufficient proofs for acceptability. The first component in building the safety case is to make use of safety principles to provide structural evidence that certain classes of design errors have been avoided. The second component is to use simulators and targeted testing to demonstrate functionality of the I&C in different plant situations.

Design and Synthesis of Visible Light Communication Transceiver on FPGA

Pre-print :In this paper, we designed and synthesized a Visible Light Communication (VLC) system with Inverse / Fast Fourier Transform (I/FFT) as a frequency multiplexing method using an FPGA. The system will map the data sent using a constellation mapper, which uses 4-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation. After mapped, the data is frequency multiplexed using an IFFT block and converted into its analog form before being transmitted through an LED amplifier circuit and a Cree XML2 LED. Next, the signal is received by Ba PV10 photodiode on the receiver module and a transimpedance amplifier. Once processed by the VLC receiver, the conversion of analog signals to digital is done before demultiplex the signal using FFT. Then we demapped the signal from back to the original data using a 4QAM demapper. The transceiver system was implemented on Altera De-0 Nano board with an Altera Cyclone 4E FPGA. The VLC transmitter module, VLC receiver, and ADC / DAC were implemented on a breadboard. The communication system works with a bit rate of 302 kbps. The Analog and digital subsystems are capable of supporting the bitrate, and supplying the LED lamp with a power of 0.10125 W. The system was then tested at different distances from 25 cm to 60 cm. At 25 and 30 cm, there is no error on the characters received. But at 35 cm there was a character error rate of 0.042%. This error continued to increase as the distance was added so that it reached 7.42% at a distance of 60 cm. This is normal since, at a distance of 25 and 30 cm, the signal received was still large so that the SNR was still good. But at 35 cm onwards, the received signal started to distort and the SNR started to decrease.