Positive psychology interventions in patients with breast cancer

Cancer can be defined by both accelerated cell reproduction and the damage it causes to people's health regardless of type. Breast cancer is not specifically exclusive to women, it also affects men but is less frequent, in 2018 it was reported that in Mexico two out of every 10 deaths in women were due to corresponding breast cancer in the period 2011 to 2016. The goal of this review is to publicize the effectiveness of some of the psychological intervention programs since positive psychology in patients with breast cancer. The bibliographic search was made in databases such as Redalyc, SciELO, Dialnet, PubMed and Google Academia, as inclusion criteria it was taken into account that the bibliography had a period of age not more than 10 years. and as exclusion criteria, all interventions involving girls, boys and adolescents were ruled out. The results found that interventions from positive psychology applied in patients with breast cancer mainly work on both positive and negative emotions, welfare, optimism and self-concept trying from women living in that situation, providing as results the improvement of problem solving and coping with the disease and its consequences. It was concluded by noting that cognitive behavioral psychological intervention from positive psychology effectively helps to cope with changes in an adaptive way and has adapted to the new lifestyle caused by breast cancer. It was considered important that future interventions also work with the population of men even though the sample was small because the diagnoses in them are uncommon, however it is important to know the effects of psychological intervention on them from positive psychology, and the factors that usually affect mainly during and after the disease process.

Supra-Optimal Temperature: An Efficient Approach for Overaccumulation of Starch in the Green Alga Parachlorella kessleri

Green algae are fast-growing microorganisms that are considered promising for the production of starch and neutral lipids, and the chlorococcal green alga Parachlorella kessleri is a favorable model, as it can produce both starch and neutral lipids. P. kessleri commonly divides into more than two daughter cells by a specific mechanism—multiple fission. Here, we used synchronized cultures of the alga to study the effects of supra-optimal temperature. Synchronized cultures were grown at optimal (30 °C) and supra-optimal (40 °C) temperatures and incident light intensities of 110 and 500 μmol photons m−2 s−1. The time course of cell reproduction (DNA replication, cellular division), growth (total RNA, protein, cell dry matter, cell size), and synthesis of energy reserves (net starch, neutral lipid) was studied. At 40 °C, cell reproduction was arrested, but growth and accumulation of energy reserves continued; this led to the production of giant cells enriched in protein, starch, and neutral lipids. Furthermore, we examined whether the increased temperature could alleviate the effects of deuterated water on Parachlorella kessleri growth and division; results show that supra-optimal temperature can be used in algal biotechnology for the production of protein, (deuterated) starch, and neutral lipids.

Density Fluctuations Yield Distinct Growth and Fitness Effects in Single Bacteria

Single-cells grow by increasing their biomass and size. Here, we report that while mass and size accumulation rates of single Escherichia coli cells are exponential, their density fluctuates during growth. As such, the rates of mass and size accumulation of a single-cell are generally not the same, but rather cells differentiate into increasing one rate with respect to the other. This differentiation yields a previously unknown density homeostasis mechanism, which we support mathematically. Further, growth differentiation challenges ongoing efforts to predict single-cell reproduction rates (or fitness-levels), through the accumulation rates of size or mass. In contrast, we observe that density fluctuations can predict fitness, with only high fitness individuals existing in the high density fluctuation regime. We detail our imaging approach and the invisible microfluidic arrays that critically enabled increased precision and throughput. Biochemical production, infections, and natural communities start from few, growing, cells, thus, underscoring the significance of density-fluctuations when considering non-genetic variability.

EFFECT OF EUGENOL EMULSION IN POLYSORBATE-80 ON CLINICAL STRAINS OF CANDIDA ALBICANS

Candida albicans occupies a dominant position in the list of causative agents of candidal lesions of the ear. The development of new antifungal agents, an alternative source of which can be herbal essential oils and their components, remains a priority. One such agent with antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic action is eugenol which is a phenol substance. Therefore, this article was aimed to study the effectiveness of the antifungal action of eugenol emulsified in Polysorbate-80 against clinical strains of C. albicans isolated from patients with external otomycosis. The study was performed using 6 clinical strains of C. albicans isolated from the ear canal of patients with otitis externa. The diagnosis of fungal disease was established based on the results of clinical and laboratory (microscopical and mycological) studies of pathological material. Analysis of mycological research showed that mainly representatives of the genus Aspergillus and Penicillium were revealed and only in 7% there were Candida genus fungi. C. albicans remained the dominant species of clinical significance. The results of our studies showed a high level of antifungal activity of eugenol on all clinical strains of C. albicans, including a remarkable inhibitory and fungicidal effect. At postmycostatic concentrations, the eugenol caused partial inhibition of reproduction of the clinical strains of fungi, which was replaced by a subsequent increased cell reproduction rate. So, the investigation has shown that C. albicans is the dominant species among fungi of the Candida genus in the structure of the microbial profile of otomycoses. The eugenol, emulsified in Polysorbate-80, has a high antifungal effect against clinical strains of C. albicans. At postmycostatic concentrations, the eugenol caused partial inhibition of reproduction of the clinical strains of fungi, which was replaced by a subsequent increase cell reproduction rate.

Reverse Engineering Targets for Recombinant Protein Production in Corynebacterium glutamicum Inspired by a Fast-Growing Evolved Descendant

We previously reported a Corynebacterium glutamicum JH41 strain with a 58% faster growth rate through application of adaptive laboratory evolution. To verify that the fast-reproducing strain was useful as a host for recombinant protein expression, we introduced a plasmid responsible for the secretory production of a recombinant protein. The JH41 strain harboring the plasmid indeed produced the secretory recombinant protein at a 2.7-fold greater rate than its ancestral strain. To provide the reverse engineering targets responsible for boosting recombinant protein production and cell reproduction, we compared the genome sequence of the JH41 strain with its ancestral strain. Among the 15 genomic variations, a point mutation was confirmed in the 14 bases upstream of NCgl1959 (encoding a presumed siderophore-binding protein). This mutation allowed derepression of NCgl1959, thereby increasing iron consumption and ATP generation. A point mutation in the structural gene ramA (A239G), a LuxR-type global transcription regulator involved in central metabolism, allowed an increase in glucose consumption. Therefore, mutations to increase the iron and carbon consumption were concluded as being responsible for the enhanced production of recombinant protein and cell reproduction in the evolved host.

Influence of cultivation conditions on the growth activity of natural strains of lactic acid bacteria in winemaking

Характеристика ростовой активности молочнокислых бактерий (МКБ) виноделия является одним из основных критериев отбора штамма при проведении селекционных работ на лабораторном этапе определения условий его культивирования и сохранения. В работе представлены результаты изучения влияния температуры, рН среды культивирования и ее состава на ростовую активность штаммов МКБ виноделия родов Oenococcus (9 штаммов) и Lactobacillus (6 штаммов) с высокой декарбоксилирующей активностью. При проведении работ использовали методы и подходы, общепринятые при изучении микроорганизмов виноделия. Ростовую активность штаммов оценивали нефелометрическим методом по количеству биомассы, накопленной в процессе культивирования штаммов в различных условиях. Анализ полученных результатов, представленных в статье, позволил рекомендовать оптимальные значения рН и температуры для культивирования штаммов МКБ виноделия родов Lactobacillus и Oenococcus на стандартной среде MRS, а также целесообразность снижения рН среды при помощи яблочной кислоты для увеличения скорости размножения клеток. Изучение влияния таких компонентов среды, как глюкоза, пептон, Твин-80, гидроортофосфат калия, яблочная кислота на ростовую активность штаммов МКБ показало, что наиболее значимыми факторами, влияющими на их рост, являются глюкоза и яблочная кислота.. Влияние каждого фактора или их совокупности на ростовую активность МКБ может избирательно зависеть от культивируемого штамма, что подтверждает данные о генетическом разнообразии микроорганизмов данной группы и необходимости индивидуального подхода к выбору условий их культивирования. The characteristic of the growth activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in winemaking is one of the main criteria of selecting a strain during the breeding work at the laboratory stage of determining the conditions for its cultivation and preservation. The article presents the results of study the effect of temperature, pH of the cultivation medium and its composition on the growth activity of winemaking LAB strains of the genera Oenococcus (9 strains) and Lactobacillus (6 strains) with high decarboxylating activity. In the working process we used methods and approaches generally accepted in the study of microorganisms in winemaking. Growth activity of strains was assessed by nephelometric method according to the amount of biomass accumulated in the process of cultivation strains under various conditions. The analysis of the results, presented in the article, made it possible to recommend the optimal pH and temperature values for the cultivation of LAB strains Lactobacillus and Oenococcus on a standard MRS medium, as well as the viability of decreasing the pH of the medium using malic acid to increase the speed of cell reproduction. Study of the influence of such environmental components as glucose, peptone, Tween-80, dipotassium hydrogenphosphate, malic acid on the growth activity of LAB strains showed that the most significant factors affecting growth are glucose and malic acid. Influence of each factor or their combination on the growth activity of LAB can selectively depend on the cultivated strain, confirming data of microorganism genetic diversity of the group and the necessity of an individual approach to the selection of cultivation conditions.

A Multiple Mitosis Genetic Algorithm

<p>Genetic algorithm is a well-known metaheuristic method to solve optimization problem mimic the natural process of cell reproduction. Having great advantages on solving optimization problem makes this method popular among researchers to improve the performance of simple Genetic Algorithm and apply it in many areas. However, Genetic Algorithm has its own weakness of less diversity which cause premature convergence where the potential answer trapped in its local optimum. This paper proposed a method Multiple Mitosis Genetic Algorithm to improve the performance of simple Genetic Algorithm to promote high diversity of high-quality individuals by having 3 different steps which are set multiplying factor before the crossover process, conduct multiple mitosis crossover and introduce mini loop in each generation. Results shows that the percentage of great quality individuals improve until 90 percent of total population to find the global optimum.</p>

Genetic and epigenetic signatures associated with the rapid radiation of Aquilegia species

Elucidating how the diverse evolutionary mechanisms interact to determine species diversification is crucial to understanding the evolution and persistence of biodiversity. The genus Aquilegia (columbine) is a model system to identify genetic and epigenetic signatures underpinning the rapid adaptive radiation. In this study, we surveyed the genomes and DNA methylomes of ten worldwide Aquilegia species to investigate whether specific genomic architectures were associated with rapid species diversification in the Asian, European and North American lineages. The resulting phylogenies and population structure inferences revealed clearly high genetic and DNA methylomic divergence among the three lineages. Genome-wide scanning demonstrated significantly higher positive and purifying selection pressures among the Asian species compared to the European and North American lineages. More importantly, candidate genes identified at the genetic and epigenetic levels are functionally related to diverse adaptation-related traits, such as stress tolerance, photosynthesis and cell reproduction. While a considerable proportion of the candidate genes share hotspots of intra- and inter-lineage divergence, genetic and epigenetic factors were found to act on complementary biological pathways. By assessing the interaction between genetic variations and epigenetic variability, we found that epigenetic variability is a partially independent factor that intertwines with genetic mechanism to facilitate the diversification of the Aquilegia species. Taken together, these findings suggest that specific genetic architectures have been involved in vital biological pathways in response to diverse environmental conditions and epigenetic modifications may play a complementary role in the process of adaptive speciation. Our study provides an exploratory overview of how the established genetic and epigenetic signatures are associated with the rapid species diversification of Aquilegia species.Author SummaryDisentangling the genetic and epigenetic bases underpinning species diversification is crucial to understanding the evolution and persistence of biodiversity. The columbine (genus Aquilegia) is a model system to address biological mechanisms associated with rapid adaptive radiation. We surveyed the genomes and DNA methylomes of ten worldwide columbine species to investigate whether specific genetic and epigenetic architectures were involved in the diversification of Asian, European and North American columbine species. We pinpointed candidate genes featuring rapid adaptive radiation identified at either the genetic or the epigenetic levels. These candidate genes are functionally associated with diverse adaptation-related traits such as cell reproduction, plant growth, and stress tolerance. Such genetic and epigenetic signatures have potential contributed adaptabilities to the columbine species to cope with diverse environmental conditions. In addition, we also showed that epigenetic modifications could act as a complementary factor that intertwined with genetic mechanism to facilitate the diversification of the columbine species. In all, our study provides a genome-wide view of how the genetic and epigenetic factors are associated with the rapid species diversification of the columbine species.

Experimental study of the effectiveness of 6-methyl-3-(thietane-3-yl)uracil-containing eye ­ointment in the treatment of corneal thermal burns

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of wound healing eye ointment with 6-methyl-3- (thietane-3-yl) uracil in the treatment of corneal thermal burn in the experiment. Methods. The study was conducted on 6 rabbits of the chinchilla breed. The results of treatment and histomorphological studies of the rabbits’ cornea are presented after experimental thermal burn by instillation of water with a temperature of 80–85 °C with 20-second exposure to the cornea. In the experimental group (right eyes of rabbits) the animals were treated with developed 6-methyl-3-(thietane-3-yl)uracil eye ointment, in the control group (left eyes of rabbits) 20% gel of solcoseryl was applied. Animals were observed daily for 14 days. The condition and the morphological changes of the cornea were compared on days 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 after the experimental thermal burn. Results. The features of reparative processes after corneal thermal burn depending on used treatment were determined. The study revealed that 6-methyl-3-(thietane-3-yl)uracil improved trophics more repidly, increased cell growth and cell reproduction, stimulated the regeneration process in damaged corneal tissues, accelerated wound and burn healing, and also provided anti-inflammatory effect. Positive dynamics was registered on days 4–5 in the experimental group, and by the 7th day in the control group. With 6-methyl-3-(thietane-3-yl)uracil no toxic reactions in the form of destruction of the collagen skeleton, maceration, pronounced edema and hyperemia were observed. On day 14 of follow-up, the microscopic picture of rabbits’ cornea had the usual normal structure. Conclusion. Treatment with 6-methyl-3-(thietane-3-yl)uracil resulted in faster and more structured and anatomically correct healing of corneal thermal burn compared to the treatment with alternative medication solcoseryl in the control group.