Morphofunctional Features of Limphoid Tissue of the Stomach in Some Wild Bird Species

The article presents the results of histological studies of topography, microstructure and functional features of the stomach lymphoid tissue in birds. The research was carried out on 12 species of wild birds belonging to 6 orders. Classical methods of histological specimens staining with hematoxylin and eosin, according to Weigert, Van Gieson, and argentum nitrate impregnation according to Kelemen were used when performing the work. It has been confirmed that the birds' stomach has glandular (proventriculus), muscular (ventriculus, gizzard) and pyloric parts, which are not equally expressed in separate species. In all parts of the stomach, lymphoid tissue is represented by local clusters, which in birds of the orders Galliiformes (P. colchicus, B. bonasia, P. crictatus); Anseriformes (B. canadensis); Passeriformes (P. pica, C. cornix); Gruiformes (G. chloropus, F. atra); Ciconiiformes (C. ciconia) and Columbiiformes (C. livia) are located in the tunica mucosa and submucosa, and in B. canadensis, F. atra, G. chloropus also in the tunica muscularis and tunica serosa. In L. lagopus and G. glandarius, lymphoid tissue has been found only in the proventriculus and its intermediate zone. Structural levels of lymphoid tissue (diffuse form, prenodules, primary and secondary lymphoid nodules) are unequally expressed in the birds' stomach. In B. bonasia, B. canadensis, P. pica, C. cornix, C. ciconia, C. livia, only a diffuse form appears in all its parts. This form of lymphoid tissue is registered in the ventriculus of other birds species and proventriculus in L. lagopus and G. glandarius. All levels of the lymphoid tissue structural organization are detected in the proventriculus in P. crictatus, G. chloropus and in the proventriculus and pyloric part of the stomach in P. colchicus and F. atra. The content of lymphoid tissue is different in parts of the birds' stomach. Most of all it is contained in the intermediate zone of the proventriculus and the pyloric part of the stomach. Diffuse form is the most common among the levels of lymphoid tissue structural organization. The research results make it possible to more fully assess the morphofunctional status of wild birds and, accordingly, to find out the state of their immune system

EVALUATION OF IMMUNOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE FORM OF AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS DURING LASER PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY

The purpose of the study. To study the nature and dynamics of changes in humoral and local immunity during laser photodynamic therapy in patients with diffuse forms of autoimmune thyroiditis. Materials and methods. Laboratory tests of blood plasma were performed on 160 patients with long-lasting autoimmune thyroiditis in different age groups to determine humoral and local immunity. Here, information on the level of immunoglobulins A, G, M (IgA, IgG, IgM), the amount of interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) was determined in blood samples by the immunoenzyme method. The dynamics of laboratory parameters in all three groups of patients were studied on days 7 and 15 of treatment. These values were determined using reactives from “VectorBest” LLC (Russia). Results. In elderly patients with long-term autoimmune thyroiditis, a downward trend in TNF indices has been observed, which is an indication of the severity of the pathological process. The higher the amount of α2-MG in autoimmune thyroiditis and diffuse toxic urination, and the slower the normalization during treatment, the higher the probability of recurrence of the process. Conclusion. The combined use of modern laser technology in the treatment of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis expands the possibilities of conservative therapy and complements the arsenal of effective methods of treatment of this disease. The simplicity of the methods, ease of application, reliability, the absence of thermal effects on the thyroid gland creates ample opportunities for the application of this method in clinical practice.

Paint brush hair: a case report

<p class="abstract">Trichorrhexis nodosa (TN) is an hair shaft disorder presenting with whitish nodes all over the hair (diffuse form) or localized to an area (localized form) and could be either congenital or acquired. TNis ultimately a response to physical or chemical trauma that leads to formation of nodes along the hair shaft. Here, we reported a case of TNof the beard, diagnosed clinically and through trichoscopy. Patient was advised to shave his beard hair and to avoid brushing completely. On follow-up, the patient was symptomatically better. Based on this, TNof the beard was confirmed.</p>

POS1232 COVID-19 IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS: ONE RHEUMATOLOGY CENTER EXPERIENCE

Background:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus infection or COVID-19 is a serious problem for patients with systemic autoimmune diseases Given the serious complications, including acute lung injury, patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), especially SSs associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD), may represent a high risk group for infection and the development of severe COVID-19.Objectives:We present an analysis of the COVID-19 course and outcomes in 110 SSc pts.Methods:The study included 147 patients with SSc. The information was clarified by means of telephone survey after 10 months of the pandemic (December 2020). Covid-19 was diagnosed when confirmed by positive oral /nasopharyngeal swab, in the presence of positive antibodies and/or characteristic symptoms, and data from chest computed tomography (CT). 110 pts (77%) out of 147 patients in the SSc registry, gave the necessary information. COVID-19 was diagnosed in 59 pts (53 %). 42 pts (71%) had SSc-ILD. Pts mean age was 54.96 (s.d.11, min 31, max 79), 83% women (49 women and 10 men). 38 pts (65%) had a limited form of SSc, 15 (26%) pts had diffuse form SSc, 6% had overlap (SSc-polymyositis (PM) and SSc had rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 3% had visceral form of SSc). All patients received low-dose prednisone, and more than half of the pts received immunosuppressive therapy. Rituximab therapy was performed in 24 pts (41%).Results:Almost all patients had positive swab from the oral cavity/nasopharynx. And only in 4 (7%) pts nasopharyngeal swabs were negative, in these patients specific antibodies and characteristic CT changes were detected. Chest CT was performed in 51 (86%) pts. Novel coronavirus pneumonia developed in the vast majority of pts - in 46 (78 %) pts. CT1 (up to 25% of lung lesions) had 10 (17%) pts, CT2 (25-50%) – 21(36%) pts, CT 3 (50-75%) – 15(25%) pts. In 5 (8.5%) pts no changes were detected on CT. The course of COVID-19 was mild and moderate (20 (34%) pts and 18 (31%) pts respectively), severe course was observed in 21 (35%) pts, including fatal in 12 (20%) pts. Among the deceased pts, only 1 patient with SSc-PM had not had ILD, but 7 patients had been treated with rituximab.Conclusion:SSc SARS-CoV-2-infected patients may be at risk of severe disease and mortality due to the frequent presence of ILD and the frequent use of immunosuppressive, including biological, therapy.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Dependence of pancreas resection volume on PET-tomography and express biopsy findings

Introduction. Recently, achievements in molecular genetics, imaging techniques (PET/CT), medicamentous therapy as well as in surgical treatment have promoted a better control of hypoglycemia and, consequently, better outcomes in children with congenital hyperinsulinism.Purpose. To specify indications, volume and outcomes of surgical treatment in patients with congenital hyperinsulinism depending on pathology form, differential diagnostics with PET / CT and intraoperative express biopsy.Material and methods. 41 children with congenital hyperinsulinism were operated in the department of pediatric surgery in Almazov National Medical Research Centre (Saint-Petersburg) during 2011 – September 2020. In Group 1, there were 6 children who had standard treatment with subtotal resection of the pancreas (95%). In Group 2, there were 35 patients who had PET tomography with 18-F-DOPA before surgery and intraoperative express biopsy of pancreas tissue. The analyzed patients were operated on in 2017-September 2020. PET tomography with 18-F-DOPA findings revealed that these children had 10 diffuse forms and 22 focal forms; the other 3 children had a disputable picture.Results. After surgery, diffuse form was confirmed in 10 (29%) children; focal form - in 21 (60%) children; 4 (11%) patients had the atypical form which was diagnosed intraoperatively. Of 35 children from Group 2, 33 (94%) had complete hyperinsulinism reversal, significant improvement in their psycho-motor function; however, 10 (29%) of them require insulin replacement therapy with minimal dosages - 8 children with the diffuse form of hyperinsulinism and 2 children with the atypical one. There were no intra- and postoperative complications. 20 (95%) out of 21 children with focal forms recovered completely. The authors also describe problems and peculiarities of urgent histological examination.Conclusion. Thus, partial pancreatectomy in focal forms, subtotal in atypical ones and almost total in diffuse forms allows to cope with hypoglycemia caused by congenital hyperinsulinism.

Features of the pathogenesis and treatment of dishormonal breast dysplasia in women of early reproductive age

The objective: was to determine the effectiveness of the use of complex therapy in the treatment of diffuse forms of dishormonal breast dysplasia (DВD) in women of early reproductive age.Materials and methods. Under observation were 42 women with a diffuse form of BPH at the age of 25–31 years. The control group consisted of 20 healthy non-pregnant women, parity in age, social status and living conditions. The diagnosis of DВD was established on the basis of the analysis of anamnestic data, patient complaints, clinical data, X-ray and ultrasound studies carried out on the 5–7 day of the menstrual cycle.Results. In 35 (83.3%) patients, DВD developed against the background of a normal biphasic menstrual cycle, in 7 (16.7%) – with an inferior luteal phase. During an instrumental examination, 23 (54.8%) of the women were diagnosed with fibrocystic form of DВD, 15 (35.7%) had adenofibromatosis, and 4 (9.5%) had glandular cystic mastopathy.The use of Enat 400, phytochemical oncoprotectors, venotonics and sedatives provides, in the vast majority (95.2%) of patients of early reproductive age, high clinical efficacy in the treatment of DВD. According to instrumental methods of breast imaging, the regression of DВD occurred in 38 (90.5%) of young patients.Conclusions. In the treatment of DВD in patients of early reproductive age, Enat 400 in combination with other drugs, due to the antioxidant, antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, antitumor activity of the therapy, have established themselves as effective and safe agents.

A fenomenologia e a história de vida

A Fenomenologia e a História de Vida Resumo: A fenomenologia é uma corrente filosófica, caracterizada pelo estudo aprofundado de um determinado fenômeno, pois, a priori, o que se apresenta à mente das pessoas, vem em forma difusa ou em forma de aparência. Compreendendo-a em uma perspectiva que prioriza o ser-no-mundo, contextualizado com sua história, cultura, linguagem e movimento humano. Em vista disso, o presente artigo pretende compreender o entrecruzamento da fenomenologia e do método de História de vida, com intuito de vislumbrar a contribuições para o processo educacional e suas nuances pelas ciências de forma dialética com as contradições do sujeito em relação a sua formação acadêmica.Palavras-chave: Fenomenologia. História de vida. Formação de professor. Phenomenology and the history of life Abstract: Phenomenology is a philosophical current, characterized by the depth study of a certain phenomenon, because, mainly, what appears to people’s mind, comes in a diffuse form or in the form of appearance. Comprehending it in a perspective that prioritizes the being-in-the-world, contextualized with its history, culture, language and human movement. Because of it, this article intends to understand the intertwining of the phenomenology and the method of Life history, with the intention of gleaming contributions to the educational process and its nuances by the sciences in dialectical form with the contradictions of the subject in relation to his academic formation.Keywords: Phenomenology. Life's history. Teacher training. La fenomenología y la historia de vida Resumen: La fenomenología es una corriente filosófica, caracterizada por el estudio profundo de un determinado fenómeno, ya que, principalmente, lo que parece a la mente de las personas, se presenta en forma difusa o en forma de apariencia. Comprenderlo en una perspectiva que prioriza el ser en el mundo, contextualizado con su historia, cultura, lenguaje y movimiento humano. Por ello, este artículo pretende comprender el entrelazamiento de la fenomenología y el método de la historia de la vida, con la intención de aportar contribuciones al proceso educativo y sus matices de las ciencias en forma dialéctica con las contradicciones del tema en relación con su formación académica.Palabras clave: Fenomenología. La historia de la vida. Formación del profesorado. Data de registro: 16/06/2020Data de aceite: 26/11/2020

Evaluation of the Efficiency of Treatment with Rituximab for Systemic Scleroderma (A Case Report)

The article describes a clinical case of a progressive form of systemic scleroderma in a 39-year-old man. The patient has an acute course and rapid progression of the disease with a significant initial decrease in the forced vital capacity of the lungs, with signs of an unfavorable prognosis, such as a diffuse form, a high skin count (> 14), male sex, and high positivity for antibodies to Scl-70. In connection with the ineffectiveness of standard therapy with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants at an early stage of the disease, the option of treatment with genetically engineered drugs (rituximab) was considered. As a result of the therapy, a positive trend was noted.