Distribution of a Newly Recorded Gastropod Species, Mainwaringia leithii (Gastropoda, Littorinidae), in Young, Rehabilitated Mangroves in China

The species within the genus Mainwaringia in Littorininae have been recognized as being strongly associated with mangroves; however, their abundance and distribution patterns in mangroves have rarely been reported. In this study, we reported Mainwaringia leithii specimens collected from young, rehabilitated mangroves in Xiamen city as a newly recorded Mainwaringia species in China, based on their DNA barcoding and morphological taxonomy characteristics. The recruitment pattern of this species and its relationships with mangrove species in the early stage of mangrove rehabilitation were also investigated. The snails were mainly collected from the backsides of leaves and from some leaf nodes. Continuous sampling showed the rapid recruitment of M. leithii following mangrove rehabilitation, with a density up to 278 ind m–2 in a 2.5-year-old mangrove site; however, declining densities were observed and snails were only occasionally collected at mangrove sites 4 years after rehabilitation. Aegiceras corniculatum mangroves in shrub form could support a snail abundance higher than that supported by Kandelia obovata mangroves of the same age. The present study suggests that M. leithii could be common in mangrove forests and that intensive changes in its assemblage occurs in the early stage of mangrove rehabilitation. Moreover, the recruitment of M. leithii following mangrove rehabilitation is related to the planting of different mangrove species. The spatio-temporal patterns of M. leithii distribution are likely owing to the variability in habitat characteristics related to mangrove species and stand age. Future studies should give more attention to the ecology of this species in mangrove forests.

Mangrove potential and community characteristics for strengthening the utilization of environmental services based on ecotourism: A case study in Karangsong, Indramayu, West Java

Mangrove rehabilitation is often challenged by a lack of support from local communities. The success of mangrove rehabilitation can increase the chances of success by increasing the local economy, which will help increase public awareness. This study was conducted in the mangrove forest of Karangsong Village with the aim to identify the potential of mangroves and the characteristics of local communities as capital for the use of environmental services based on mangrove ecotourism. The interview method with semi-structured guidelines was applied to obtain social, economic and public perceptions data. Karangsong mangrove forest is dominated by three species of mangroves, namely Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa and Rhizophora apiculate. It has also become a habitat for various bird species such as javan pond heron, wandering whistling duck, lesser adjutant, imperial pied pigeon, and common sandpiper, which are potential ecotourism objects. The results showed that positive perceptions derived from the economic benefits obtained from mangroves, which have become feedback for mangrove conservation. The role of the driving group is also crucial to maintain the consistency of stakeholders’ enthusiasm to conserve mangroves. Sustainable ecotourism development needs to involve local communities in its management.

IDENTIFICATION AND PREDICTION OF COASTLINE CHANGES IN BANYUWANGI REGENCY DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE USING GRASS QGIS

<p>Banyuwangi Regency has a coastline of 175.8 kilometers, stretching from Meru Betiri National Park to Baluran National Park. Coastline changes occur due to human activities, abrasion and sedimentation due to climate change and global warming. Research to identify and predict changes in the coastline of Banyuwangi Regency due to climate change using GRASS QGIS in 2025. The results of predictions of shoreline changes in Banyuwangi Regency are located in Pang Pang Bay, Muncar District and Tegaldelimo District. In Banyuwangi Sub-district on Cacalan Beach, Cemara Beach and Marina Boom Beach, and on the southern coast of Banyuwangi in Purwoharjo District, namely Grajagan Beach, and in Pesanggaran District on Red Island Beach. Recommendations for mitigating shoreline changes with sandy and swampy beach types in addition to the application of ecotourism principles are also the implementation of wind barriers, mangrove rehabilitation, seawall construction, or TetraPOT. Vegetative and mechanical conservation efforts are a strong combination in natural and artificial defense from marine abrasion attacks.</p>

Co-Management in Mangrove Rehabilitation at Langkat Regency

Collaboration in the management of mangrove areas is a role for every social element in local government, the community, and the private sector. Co-management is an alternative solution in the form of management that integrates the roles and interests of everyone in the mangrove rehabilitation program. This study aims to analyze the role and level of influence of the interests of each actor in mangrove rehabilitation activities in Langkat Regency. The research method uses descriptive-qualitative data collected from the results of questionnaires, interviews; Field observations are processed in the form described in the description in the tabulation. From the results of this study, the form of joint management in mangrove rehabilitation is at a consultative stage where the government starts to consider local views in the decision-making process, the level of participation of each stakeholder is in a low category, so this Study recommends that the form of participation of each stakeholder can be improved through the form of joint regulations, sustainability programs and systematic work distribution that is disseminated to every implementer of mangrove rehabilitation programs in Langkat District.

Kajian Hidro-Oseanografi Untuk Rehabilitasi Suaka Margasatwa Muara Angke – Jakarta Utara

Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve (MAWR) is the smallest natural reserve area in Indonesia with a wetland ecosystem type, dominated by open swamp and mangroves, and greatly influenced by freshwater from the Angke River. Although small, this region plays an important role in protecting biodiversity, especially for mangrove ecosystems in Jakarta. However, this area has suffered severe degradation because of river pollution and decreasing salinity so that rehabilitation efforts carried out to maintain the presence of mangrove ecosystems. We asses the hydro oceanographic aspects, i.e. tidal conditions, sedimentation and bathymetry by conducting field survey and modeling. Based on the results, there is 0.35 m increase in the water level compare to previous period. The value of Formzhal 2.47 is obtained which indicates the mixed tide prevailing diurnal type, mainly because of the influence of the river, although sometimes their mixed tides with very different heights and periods. The tidal mounts in Muara Angke based on the Admiralty method are 0.94 meters. Then, from the results of the sediment test, it was found the type of mud sediment with a value of TSS between 23 mg/l - 74 mg/l. The result of this study is that the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem in Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve depends on these three aspects. There needs to be mitigation efforts to reduce sedimentation and overcome freshwater immersion from rivers so that mangrove rehabilitation in this region can be successful.

Pertumbuhan Api-Api (Avicennia alba) dan Kelimpahan Epifauna Bentik di Kawasan Rehabilitasi Mangrove Desa Kedaburapat Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti

The research was conducted in July - October 2020. Collection of data A. alba growth and abundance of benthic epifauna was carried out in the mangrove rehabilitated area of Kedabupat village, Kepulauan Meranti Regency. The aims of this study was to analyze the growth (stems height and diameter) of the mangrove A. alba species as a result of rehabilitation and abundance of benthic epifauna in the area. The method used in this research was a survey method, where data was obtained by directly to the research location. The data collected was data on the height and diameter of A. alba stems, density of macro epifauna species, and water quality in the field, then followed by analysis of water and sediment samples in the laboratory. The results showed that the average increace in height of the stem by zone was 6.45-12.93 cm/month, meanwhile the average value of the increase in stem diameter by zone is 1.53-1.85 mm/month. There were 13 epifauna benthic species from 2 classes namely Gastropod and Malacostraca from mangrove rehabilitation. Gastropod class that was Littoraria melanostoma, Nerita balteata and Sphaerassiminea miniata; from the malacostraca class that was Uca coarctata, Metopograpsus latifrons, Ceonobita cavipes, and Clibanarius longitarsus. Benthic epifauna abundance values average ranged from 31.33-52.22 ind/m2.