An individual-level socioeconomic measure for assessing algorithmic bias in health care settings: A case for HOUSES index

While artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms hold great potential for improving health and reducing health disparities, biased AI algorithms have a potential to negatively impact the health of under-resourced communities or racial/ethnic minority populations. Our study highlights the major role of socioeconomic status (SES) in AI algorithm bias and (in)completeness of electronic health records (EHRs) data, which is commonly used for algorithm development. Understanding the extent to which SES impacts algorithmic bias and its pathways through which SES operates its impact on algorithmic bias such as differential (in)completeness of EHRs will be important for assessing and mitigating algorithmic bias. Despite its importance, the role of SES in the AI fairness science literature is currently under-recognized and under-studied, largely because objective and scalable individual-level SES measures are frequently unavailable in commonly used data sources such as EHRs. We addressed this challenge by applying a validated individual-level socioeconomic measure that we call the HOUSES index. This tool allows AI researchers to assess algorithmic bias due to SES. Although our study used a cohort with a relatively small sample size, these study results highlight a novel conceptual strategy for quantifying AI bias by SES.

Alfalfa for a Sustainable Ovine Farming System: Proposed Research for a New Feeding Strategy Based on Alfalfa and Ecological Leftovers in Drought Conditions

In the past 10 years, the average demand for meat and milk across the world has significantly increased, especially in developing countries. Therefore, to support the production of animal-derived food products, a huge quantity of feed resources is needed. This paper does not present original research, but rather provides a conceptual strategy to improve primary production in a sustainable way, in relation to forthcoming issues linked to climate change. Increases in meat and milk production could be achieved by formulating balanced diets for ovines based on alfalfa integrated with local agricultural by-products. As the central component of the diet is alfalfa, one goal of the project is increasing the yield of alfalfa in a sustainable way via inoculating seeds with symbiotic rhizobia (i.e., Sinorhizobium meliloti). Seed inoculants are already present on the market but have not been optimized for arid soils. Furthermore, a part of the project is focused on the selection of elite symbiotic strains that show increased resistance to salt stress and competitiveness. The second component of the experimental diets is bio-waste, especially that obtained from olive oil manufacturing (i.e., pomace). The addition of agro-by-products allows us to use such waste as a resource for animal feeding, and possibly, to modulate rumen metabolism, thereby increasing the nutritional quality of milk and meat.

Pembangunan Manusia melalui Optimalisasi Lembaga Pengelolaan Zakat

This study aims to reveal a conceptual strategy regarding the existence of zakat institutions as Islamic philanthropic institutions. The focus of this research concerns zakat and community development. This study intends to determine the role of zakat in enhancing development and strategies for zakat in overcoming community problems, especially economic welfare problems that have not been resolved. This research uses library research method, which examines various literatures or references related to zakat and community development by linking with existing theories and research as a form of accuracy of library research. The results of the discussion indicate that zakat is closely related to community development. The zakat strategy in overcoming community problems, namely: 1) increasing the number of property owners and changing the condition of most poor and poor people to become well-off people, or it can also be termed an economic migration from mustahiq to muzakki, 2) eliminating the nature of begging (chirity) ), 3) eliminating envy and enmity between Muslims, 4) coping with disasters, 5) repeating celibacy, 6) helping refugees.

Strategi Seni Pertunjukan dengan Segmentasi Pariwisata

Art and tourism rarely become concerned in a study or research. Though it is allegedly both have the power of mutual influence and profitable. Efforts have been made to make the art as a medium to develop the world of tourism but sometimes have no strategy and formulation appropriately so that the art is just a patch or entertainment when melalkukan travel. Through the study and analysis of Tallu Cappa's performances by Makassar artists Muhajir can be formulated conceptual strategy or some strategic thinking related to performing arts and tourism. Among others, 1) presentation of Multi-disciplinary Art and Innovative Packaging, 2) Collaboration of art with the concept of tourism and 3) Excavation of local Wisdom as an effort to get the aesthetic experience for tourists. Performing works of artists Muhajir perceived successfully menyjiakan concept performances with tourism segmentation. So hopefully this strategy becomes the initial basis for the development of art as an effective, innovative and cultured tourism promotion media.

A two-stage multiple-point conceptual model to predict river stage-discharge process using machine learning approaches

Due to the complex nature of river stage-discharge process, the present study tried to develop a unique strategy to predict it precisely. The proposed conceptual strategy has some advantages to cover the shortcomings. First, it uses one model instead of several models to predict multiple points instead of one point. On the one hand, the constructed model was inspired by physical-based model (to include time-space attributes of the catchment). On the other hand, ensemble empirical mode decomposition algorithm (EEMD), wavelet transform (WT), and mutual information (MI) were employed as a hybrid pre-processing approach conjugated to support vector machine. For this end, a conceptual strategy (multi-station model) was developed to forecast the Souris River discharge more accurately. The strategy used herein was capable of covering uncertainties and complexities of river discharge modeling. First, a classic model along with WT was performed to predict the 1-day-ahead river discharge for each single station. Therefore DWT-EEMD and feature selection were used for decomposed subseries using MI to be employed in conceptual models. In the proposed feature selection method, some useless subseries were deleted to achieve better performance. The results approved efficiency of the proposed WT-EEMD-MI approach to improve accuracy of different modeling strategies.

An asymmetrical fused-ring electron acceptor designed by a cross-conceptual strategy achieving 15.6% efficiency

An asymmetrical acceptor AY6 was designed by combining the advantages of IT6-4F and Y6. Amorphous AY6 interacting with PM6 forms a perfect face-on orientation with strong π–π stacking, achieving not only a high PCE but also a high FF.

Enhancing Throughput of Optimum Channel in of Dm Based Full Duplex Communication

The efficient use of radio facilities in cellular networks is essential and being widely studied. This letter sees a cellular relay system where various user couples perform trans-directional interaction via various relays relying on Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) communication.. Joint implementation of route and transmit allocation, along with subcarrier coupling, subcarrier distribution as well as relay choice, for complete output redistribution is identified as a combination estimation issue.. Using a graph conceptual strategy, we can efficiently fix the problem in exponential time by converting it into a Optimum Adjusted Bipartite Tracking (MWBM) issue. Simulation experiments are conducted to assess the complete throughput of the network versus transmitting energy per node and the number of relay nodes. Carrier frequency offset causes a number of impairments including attenuation and rotation of each of the subcarriers and intercarrier interference (ICI) between carrier frequency offset causes a number of impairments including attenuation and rotation of each of the subcarriers and intercarrier interference (ICI) between subcarriers. In the mobile radio environment, the relative movement between transmitter and receiver causes doppler frequency shifts, in addition, the carriers can never be perfectly synchronized. These random frequency errors in OFDM system distort orthogonality between subcarriers and thus intercarrier interference (ICI) occurs. A Number of methods have been developed to reduce this sensitivity to frequency offset

The Slowness From Latent Aspects to Relevant Agency

Most of the artificial assembly that surrounds us is made through a series of processes, and the finalised objects emerge from an operation of multitude of devices. Since each space carries with it something of the being that designed it, every artefact hides some technical invention. The general trend of market uniformity, technological mass, and a constant flow of materials that stimulate our senses, reduces our ability to consider alternatives and possible deviations from the omnipresent. One of the potentials of education is to slow down the process and draw our attention to a material world. Material world itself can be considered from two sides: as a structural matter or as a conceptual strategy. In such a way, the material character of architecture and concentration on the matter becomes a substantive medium of design.

Futurizing politics and the sustainability of real-world experiments: what role for innovation and exnovation in the German energy transition?

The German energy transition towards more sustainable forms of energy production has been characterized as a large-scale or real-world experiment. Whereas experiments are open-ended processes set up explicitly to allow (or even generate) surprises, by contrast sustainability implies the pursuit of clearly defined, normative ends. Whereas much of the literature on system transformation builds on the concept of innovation, our hypothesis is that focusing on the “natural” flipside of innovation—called here “exnovation,” i.e., departing from unsustainable pathways—should also be seen as a valuable conceptual strategy for coping with the tension between the unavoidable indeterminacy resulting from unknown risks and the necessary amendment and redefinition of goals and rules. In this paper the German energy transition (Energiewende) is used to exemplify the recursive processes of experimentation that make it possible to accommodate surprise, and, thus, to conceptualize the unavoidable tension between innovation and the maintenance of older, unsustainable structures.