IDENTIFIKASI ISOLAT KULIT BATANG WARU  (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROSKOPI INFRAMERAH

Waru (Hibiscustiliaceus L.) bark is a plant that is believed and used by community as a traditional medicine in treatment, especiallytotreat fever. This study aims to analyze the level of a secondary metabolite compound in the bark of waru (Hibiscustiliaceus L.) plant calculated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and infrared methods. The method used to identify the flavonoid content is Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) using eluent n-hexane and ethyl acetate at the best comparison (7:3). The result obtained from this study is waru bark extract containing flavonoid compound which is shown from the Rf value of the waru bark methanol extract of 0.82, which the value is close to the Rf value of quarcetine 0.83. Analysis of the flavonoid content of waru bark methanol extract has carried out on The Spectrophotometric UV-Vis at a wavelength of 382 nm and the total flavonoid content obtained is of 10 mg of waru bark methanol extract containing135.2166g/mL flavonoid compound with percentage of 13.521% and on the Spetroscopy Infrared, based on the obtained peak shows the existence of functional groups of OH, CH aliphatic, C=C aromatic and C-O indicates that this isolat is a flavonoid compound.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY PROFILING: SAPINDUS EMARGINATUS VAHL. AND MORINDA PUBESCENS J.E.SM. BARKS EXTRACTS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9s3.14265 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hariba Dhondiram Jedage ◽

Manjunath Kp

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

High Performance ◽

Flavonoid Compound ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Rf Values ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Morinda Pubescens ◽

Layer Chromatography

ABSTRACTObjective: To identify the flavonoids high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) profiles from barks of Sapindus emarginatus Vahl.(Sapindaceae) and Morinda pubescens J.E.Sm. (Rubiaceae) by ethanol extracts.Methods: The barks of S. emarginatus Vahl. and M. pubescens J.E.Sm. extracted each separately with ethanol. Both these ethanol extracts weresubjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. Based on phytochemical studies, the extracts obtained were subjected to HPTLC profiles for identifyand confirmation flavonoids, both these samples were compared with standard (Rutin). HPTLC analysis performed with silica gel G 60 F254 plateswith mobile phase ethyl acetate:n-butanol:formic acid:water (5:3:1:1). Detection of flavonoid compound was performed by scanning the developedplate at 254 nm.Results: Result of these both extracts shows positive tests for flavonoids. Ethanol extracts barks of S. emarginatus Vahl. and M. pubescens J.E.Sm eachwere showed bands of different Rf values with range 0.50-0.90 and standard showed bands of 0.50 Rf values.Conclusion: It can be concluded that rutin constituents of each bark extract are presents and have effective components which can be utilized as auseful herb for alleviation of various illness and disorders.Keywords: Sapindus emarginatus Vahl., Morinda pubescens J.E.Sm. Ethanol extracts, High-performance thin layer chromatography, Rutin.

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ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF Shorea foxworthyi Sym STEAM BARK METHANOL EXTRACT

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.22146/ijc.21656 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 114-118

Author(s):

Andi Hairil Alimuddin ◽

Masriani Masriani

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

E Coli ◽

Layer Chromatography

Screening of antimicrobial activity compound from steam bark of Shorea foxworthyi Sym by Thin Layer Chromatography-Bioautography method have been conducted. The result of this research can be base in elucidation of antimicrobial activity compounds from S. foxworthyi Sym. The first step was done in this research that is maceration of S. foxworthyi steam bark using methanol solvent. Fractination to methanol extract was done using n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate solvent, respectively. Phytochemical screening were done to methanol, chloroform, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate fractions. Screening of antimicrobial activity compound were done to polar fraction such as methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fraction. The bacteria were used in this screening such as E. coli, S. aureus, S. thypii, and B. Subtilis. The extract was highest antimicrobial activity choosed to test by Thin Layer Chromatography-Bioautography. The result was showed that chloroform extract was had highest antimicrobial activity and the flavonoide of compaund was considered having antimicrobial activity. Keywords: antimicrobial, TLC-Bioautography, and Shorea foxworthyi Sym

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Aktivitas Antioksidan Isolat Steroid Hasil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis dari Fraksi n-Heksana Hydrilla verticillata

ALCHEMY ◽

10.18860/al.v8i1.9936 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 23-34

Author(s):

Ahmad Ghanaim Fasya ◽

Bagas Purwantoro ◽

Lulu'atul Hamidatu Ulya ◽

Mujahidin Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Hydrilla Verticillata ◽

Hexane Fraction ◽

Layer Chromatography

Hydrilla verticillata is one of Allah SWT creations that potential as an antioxidant. This study’s objectives were to determine antioxidant activity and identify steroid isolates of n-hexane fraction of H. verticillata. The steroid compounds were extracted using methanol solvent. The methanol extract was hydrolyzed with HCl 2 N and partitioned using n-hexane. The n-hexane fraction was tested phytochemically and separated using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The steroids compounds were identified using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, and LC-MS/MS. The result showed that maceration extraction produced 5.14% yield, whereas n-hexane fraction produce 47.95% yield. Steroid separation through analytical TLC revealed that n-hexane: ethyl acetate (4:1) as the best eluant with 12 spots, while separation using preparative TLC yielded 19 spots. Steroid isolate from TLC preparative has antioxidant activity with EC50 of 5.109 ppm. Identification of steroid compounds using UV-Vis produced maximum wavelengths at 203.9 and 276 nm, while using FTIR indicated the presence of O-H group, geminal dimethyl, C=O, C=C, secondary C-OH, and =C-H (alkene) which might contain steroid compounds. The result of LC-MS/MS showed the presence of β-sitosterol. Hydrilla verticillata merupakan salah satu ciptaan Allah SWT yang memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan mengidentifikasi senyawa steroid pada isolat hasil pemisahan fraksi n-heksana H. verticillata. Senyawa steroid diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut metanol. Ekstrak pekat metanol dihidrolisis dengan HCl 2 N dan dipartisi dengan n-heksana. Fraksi n-heksana hasil partisi diuji fitokimia dan dipisahkan senyawanya menggunakan KLT (Kromatografi Lapis Tipis). Identifikasi dilakukan menggunakan UV-Vis, FTIR, dan LC-MS/MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstraksi maserasi menghasilkan rendemen 5,14%, sedangkan rendemen partisi n-heksana sebesar 47,95%. Pemisahan steroid menggunakan KLT analitik menunjukkan bahwa variasi eluen terbaik adalah n-heksana: etil asetat (4:1) dengan 12 noda, sedangkan pemisahan KLT preparatif menghasilkan 19 noda. Isolat steroid hasil KLT preparatif memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan EC50 5,109 ppm. Identifikasi senyawa steroid menggunakan UV-Vis menunjukkan bahwa panjang gelombang maksimum sebesar 203,9 dan 276 nm, sedangkan untuk identifikasi isolat steroid menggunakan FTIR menunjukkan gugus fungsi O-H, geminal dimetil, C=O, C=C, C-OH sekunder dan =C-H (alkena) yang diduga merupakan senyawa steroid. Hasil LC-MS/MS menunjukkan adanya senyawa steroid β-sitosterol.

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Identification of Chemical Compounds from Karamunting Stem (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) by Thin Layer Chromatography

Borneo Journal of Pharmacy ◽

10.33084/bjop.v2i1.695 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 15-19

Author(s):

Agustinawati Umaternate

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Central Kalimantan ◽

The People ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Positive Results ◽

Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

Karamunting or Kalimantan Grapes (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) is a medicinal plant from Central Kalimantan that is easily found in shrubs. Based on hereditary experiences of the people of Central Kalimantan, karamunting can be used for the treatment of various diseases, one of which is diabetes. This study aims to identify the chemical compounds contained in the karamunting stem. The method used is thin layer chromatography with eluent n-hexane : ethyl acetate and methanol : chloroform. Besides, a color reaction was carried out to determine the group of compounds contained in the methanol extract of the karamunting stem. The TLC results show better stain separation in eluent n-hexane : ethyl acetate with the formation of four stains. Positive results are indicated by the content of phenol, saponin, flavonoid and terpenoid compounds. The existence of this group of compounds can be a clue to further research on the truth of the efficacy of karamunting.

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Direct Fluorescent Detection of Organothiophosphorus Pesticides and Some of Their Sulfur-containing Breakdown Products After Thin Layer Chromatography

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/50.5.1088 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 1088-1098

Author(s):

Mohamed Tawfik H Ragab

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Ultraviolet Light ◽

Congo Red ◽

Fluorescent Detection ◽

Bromine Vapor ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Sulfur Containing ◽

Dark Blue

Abstract A rapid, simple, convenient, and widely applicable method for the direct fluorescent detection of organothiophosphorus pesticides and some postulated breakdown products of these compounds is presented. The coinpounds were spotted on thin layer chromatographic sheets, developed in ethyl acetate :nhexane, and made visible by exposure to bromine vapor followed by spraying with ferric chloride and 2-(o-hydroxy phenyl) benzoxazole. Of the 47 compounds tested, 32 compounds produced fluorescent blue spots vinder longwave ultraviolet light; these consisted of 25 organothiophosphorus pesticides, 5 sulfur-containing breakdown products, and phosphoric and hypophosphorous acids. A superimposed Congo red spray destroyed the fluorescence and resulted in dark blue spots against a red backgrovind. The sensitivity of this method is in the range of 0.2 to 5.0 μg, depending on the specific compound.

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Total Flavonoid and Rutin Content of the Different Organs of Sophora japonica L.

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/57.3.752 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 752-755

Author(s):

Shafik I Balbaa ◽

Ashgan Y Zaki ◽

Ali M El Shamy

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Aluminum Chloride ◽

Total Flavonoid ◽

Total Flavonoid Content ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Flower Buds ◽

Sophora Japonica ◽

Average Loss ◽

Aqueous Aluminum ◽

Layer Chromatography

Abstract The total flavonoid content of the flowers, fruits, leaves, and small branches of Sophora japonica L. was determined colorimetrically after addition of 0.lM aqueous aluminum chloride. The total flavonoid and isoflavonoid content of the fruits was determined gravimetrically. Rutin was separated by thin layer chromatography from the different organs, and determined either densitometrically or spectrophotometrically, using a modified elution technique. Rutin was recovered almost completely with an average loss of 2.5%. The percentages of flavonoids and rutin of the flower buds, pericarps, seeds, leaflets, and small branches were 24.29 and 23.5, 10.57 and 4.3, 1.75 and 0.55, 6.63 and 4.7, and 1.5 and 0.26, respectively, while the total flavonoid and isoflavonoid content of the fruits was 43%.

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PHARMACOGNOSTIC STANDARDIZATION, PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND TLC FINGERPRINTING OF THE BARK OF CASCABELA THEVETIA L.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2019v11i7.29218 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 125-130

Author(s):

Neelutpal Gogoi ◽

Biman Bhuyan ◽

Trinayan Deka

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Petroleum Ether ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Cork Cell ◽

Layer Chromatography

Objectives: In this study, systematic pharmacognostic study and preliminary phytochemical screening of the bark of Cascabela thevetia L. were carried out. Methods: The selected plant part was collected, processed and stored in an airtight container. From the bark different pharmacognostic studies like macroscopic and microscopic evaluation, physicochemical parameters, fluorescence analysis were done. Powdered bark was successively extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol using a Soxhlet apparatus and finally macerated with the hydro-alcoholic solvent system (30:70). The preliminary phytochemical analysis and thin layer chromatography of the extracts were done to find the nature and number of the different phytoconstituents present. Results: Transverse microscopy reveals the presence of crystal oxalate, cork cell, starch granules, vascular bundle, phloem fiber, parenchyma cells, and collenchyma cells. Powder microscopy also showed the presence of cork cell, fiber and calcium oxalate crystal. Results obtained in different physicochemical analysis like total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, alcohol-soluble extractive, water-soluble extractive, and moisture content were 8.67%, 0.83%, 5.33%, 4.53%, 12.27%, and 7.83% respectively. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, phytosterol, tannin, saponin, anthraquinone, carbohydrate and fatty acid in the different extracts. TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) study revealed 4 spots in petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts and 3 spots in the Hydro-alcoholic extract with different solvent systems. Conclusion: The results obtained from the study will provide a reliable basis for identification, purity, and quality of the plant.

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Phytochemical Investigation of the Aerial Part of Iraqi Convolvulus arvensis

Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512) ◽

10.31351/vol29iss2pp62-69 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 62-69

Author(s):

Mustafa H. Alwan ◽

Maha N. Hamad

Keyword(s):

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Mass Spectroscopy ◽

Morning Glory ◽

Convolvulus Arvensis ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Phytochemical Investigation ◽

Layer Chromatography

Convolvulus arvensis is a species of bindweed that is rhizomatous and is in the morning glory family (Convolvulaceae) native to Europe and Asia. The plant is naturally grown in Iraq. The plant was reported to be used in traditional medicine from as early as 1730s. The Aerial parts of Convolvulus arvensis were macerated in 80% ethanol for 6 days. The concentrated extract was partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate- and n-butanol successively. The n-hexane and ethyl acetate, fractions were examined for the presence of phytochemicals by thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography and its steroid and flavonoid contents were investigated. Stigmasterol was isolated from n-hexane fraction and identified by liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Rutin was isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction and identified by liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy. The aim is to examine the phytochemical constituents of the aerial parts of Convolvulus arvensis, literature survey available so far revealed that there were no studies about the phytochemical investigation for Convolvulus arvensis in Iraq. Different chromatographic techniques like Thin Layer Chromatography and mass spectroscopy were used and the presence of Stigmasterol and Rutin in aerial parts of Convolvulus arvensis was indicated.

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Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder pada Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr)

Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi UMA (JIBIOMA) ◽

10.31289/jibioma.v1i1.138 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Aji Suteja ◽

Emmy Harso Kardhinata ◽

Rosliana Lubis

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Experimental Method ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Secondary Metabolite ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Screening Analysis ◽

Durio Zibethinus ◽

Rf Values ◽

Layer Chromatography

This study aims to determine how to identify the types of secondary metabolite compounds contained in durian leaves. The study was conducted by an experimental method by identifying secondary metabolite compounds on durian leaves using phytochemical screening. The sample criteria used were the leaf buds and all the leaf strands (except the leaf bones). The results of the study showed that of the three types of durian leaves namely copper, baskets and Sp A. There are several types of secondary metabolite compounds including alkaloids, steroids, and terpenoids. Phytochemical screening analysis was carried out using thin layer chromatography by showing RF values on three types of durian leaves using methanol and ethyl acetate solvents in a ratio of 3: 1. RF value on copper durian is 0.97, bakul durian is 0.95 and Sp durian. A 0.94.

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UJI TOKSISITAS DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA EKSTRAK ALGA MERAH (Eucheuma cottonii) TERHADAP LARVA UDANG Artemia salina LEACH

ALCHEMY ◽

10.18860/al.v0i0.2892 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noer Mardlatillah Sharo ◽

Rachmawati Ningsih ◽

Ahmad Hanapi ◽

Ahmad Nasichuddin

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Red Algae ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Eucheuma Cottonii

Eucheuma cottonii is a multicellular algae (multicellular) that have bioactive compounds used in medicine, such as anticancer. The purpose of this research is to know the level of toxicity of the crude extract of ethanol and n-hexane red algae (Eucheuma cottonii) against larvae of shrimp A. salina Leach and to know the active compounds contained in crude extracts of ethanol and n-hexane red algae (Eucheuma cottonii).This research was conducted with the maceration extraction continuing by test toxicity against the shrimp larvae of A. salina Leach (BSLT). The result of the toxicity test then proceeds with the test reagents and phytochemicals with thin layer chromatography for positive test of compound phytochemicals. Thin-layer chromatography using eluen n-hexane: ethyl acetate (7: 3) to ethanol extract and n-hexane: ethyl acetate (17: 3) for n-hexane extract. Data on toxicity of A. salina Leach analyzed by probit analysis to find out the value of LC50 on each extract.The results of this research indicate that each of the rough red algae extract (Eucheuma cottonii) by using a solvent of ethanol and n-hexane have toxicity values (LC50) of shrimp larvae of A. salina Leach consecutive 58,0128 ppm and 61,7571 ppm. Active compounds content of Phytochemical test results i.e. triterpenoid (ethanol extract) and steroids (n-hexsane extract). The TLC triterpenoid obtained 7 stains, and the results obtained steroids 8 TLC stains.

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