Anatol Eremia – a “guardian” of toponymy

This year, 2021, on July 3, the researcher Anatol Eremia turns 90 years old. He is the personality who remained faithful during his entire scientific career to the Institute of Romanian Philology “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu“, in its various forms of existence so far. He dedicated his life to onomastics research, demonstrating a special predilection for the phenomena of toponymy. Evolving in his career at all levels of the academic hierarchy, from laboratory in the field of Onomastics to scientific coordinator and scientific consultant, he managed to gather scientific information and make relevant analyzes by publishing 25 monographs, dictionaries, guides and 465 scientific articles and popularization of science. Among the most famous works signed by Anatol Eremia are: Names of localities. Toponymy study, 1970; The secrets of geographical names, 1986; The unity of the Romanian onomastic patrimony, 2001; Cahul in time and space, 2007; Chisinau. History and current affairs, 2012; The Romanian toponymic treasure. Republic of Moldova. Cantemir area, 2016; Leova. Localities, people, traditions, 2018 etc. His contribution is not limited to actual research or training of qualified staff in the field. He has had and continues to work in several commissions, councils, editorial boards dealing with issues of onomastics (toponymy, anthroponymy): UN Expert Group for Standardization of Geographical Names of International Circulation, Scientific Council of the Institute of Romanian Philology, Interdepartmental Commission for Study the state and development of the Romanian language, the Republican Commission for the regulation and protection of national onomastics, the Commission for the regulation of urbanism of Chisinau, the Editorial Board of the dedicated journal. Anatol Eremia is a patrimonial personality for onomastic and toponymic research, who became, in time, a “guardian” of toponymy, as he had once been a “guardian” in the Romanian school of Cahul.

The Role of the Polish Interdepartmental Commission for the Maximum Admissible Concentrations and Intensities for Agents Harmful to Health in the Working Environment in the Development of Safe Working Conditions

The article discusses the principles of determining the maximum admissible concentration and intensity values for harmful agents present at workplaces as the basic criteria for ensuring safe and hygienic working conditions in Poland and in the European Union. The role of the Interdepartmental Commission for the Maximum Admissible Concentrations and Intensities of Agents Harmful to Health in the Working Environment is presented in this process. The attention was drawn to the relationship between the occupational health and safety legislation and the EC regulations on chemicals, which together provide both employers and the Member States with the necessary data and instruments to work safely with chemicals and to be able to take appropriate actions and risk management measures.

The activity of the Interdepartmental Commission for Maximum Admissible Concentrations and Intensitiesfor Agents Harmful to Health in the Working Environment in 2020 and the work plan in 2021 r.

In 2020 the Commission met at three sessions, during which 9 documentations for recommended exposure limits of chemical substances, were discussed. Moreover the Commission discussed on: the frequency of tests and measurements in relation to works in which the respirable fraction of crystalline silica is produced, changes in Annex 2 to the Regulation on MAC and MAI, point C.1: "Hot microclimate" and updating of Directive 2020/739/EC based on the PN-EN ISO 7243: 2018-01 standard. The Commission suggested to the minister responsible for labour issues the following changes in the list of MAC values: introduce 5 substances into the list of occupational exposure levels of chemical agents harmful to health (4-chloro-2-tolylamine and its hydrochloride, basic red 9, furan, nitrilotriacetic acid and its salts, N-methylformamide), changes in the current values for 3 chemical substances and adaptation of the Polish list of OEL (MAC) values to the directives: 2017/2398/EU [wood dust, chromium (VI) compounds] and the fourth draft directive amending Directive 2004/37/EC (acrylonitrile). The Commission also proposed changes to Annex 2 to the hot microclimate. The Interdepartmental Commission for MAC and MAI supported the request of the Group of Experts on Biological Agents to include the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in the list constituting Annex 1 to the Regulation of the Minister of Health on harmful biological agents for health in the work environment and health protection of workers professionally exposed to these factors that implement into Polish law the Commission Directive (EU) 2020/739 of June 3, 2020. Four numbers of the "Principles and Methods of Assessing the Working Environment " were published in 2020. The booklets included: article on coronaviruses, 10 monographic documentation with justification of the proposed values and their maximum allowable concentrations (NDS, NDSCh), 9 methods for determining the concentration of harmful factors in the working environment, including the method of determining elemental carbon in exhaust gases emitted from diesel engines and report on the activities of the Interdepartmental Committee for MAC and MAI in 2017-2019. In 2021, 3 meetings of the Interdepartmental Commission for MAC and MAI are planned. During the meetings, the MAC/MAC-STEL values for about 10 chemicals will be discussed and work will be continued on the adaptation to national regulations the proposed binding values for chemicals with carcinogenic, mutagenic or reprotoxic effects prepared by the Risk Assessment Committee (RAC). ) These tasks are also in line with the activities of the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work.. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

MANAGEMENT MECHANISM OF RISK OF REDUCING ECONOMIC SECURITY IN RUSSIAN REGIONS

The authors specify the concept of economic security of the region and determine its essence. The paper considers and groups key indicators characterizing the risk of reducing the economic security level in the region. The classification includes four groups of such indices: financial (aggregate indicators), resource or manufacturing (characterize the economic state of the territory and possibility of its development based on the revealed potential), social, and ecological. When analyzing risks of reducing the level of regional economic security, the authors group, combine, and evaluate the indices holistically and over time. The mechanism of managing the risk of reducing economic security is built considering these groups of indicators. It should be preventive, promptly warn and eliminate threats of the emergence of crises in a particular region. Based on this requirement, the authors proposed the mechanism of managing the risk of reducing the economic security of regions, which consists of several levels. The first level consolidates the Head of the RF constituent entity, the Council for economic and public security of the RF constituent entity, and legislative authorities of the RF constituent entity. The next level consists of commercial organizations, social-political and religious institutions. The third level is the population of the RF constituent entity. However, to achieve stable economic development of the region, the interaction of all levels is necessary, which should be organized by the Interdepartmental commission for economic security matters of the region. Monitoring the existing external and internal threats and considering the economic interests of a region, the commission should develop measures aimed at the prevention of detected threats.

The Local Governments as a Subject of the Child Protection System in the Local Community

The article examines the organisation of local governments in the system of social protection of children in the process of decentralisation of power and the formation of united territorial communities. The biggest challenge for the authorities, after agreeing with communities and approving long-term plans, is to create a safe environment for children, who have risks and might need social assistance. As the analysis of scientific and theoretical-practical material shows, the state is now actively cooperating in this direction with international organisations and non-governmental organisations that develop projects such as «Together. Social services for families in the community» (Semikina, 2020). So, directions of the reform of social services are accessibility, overcoming difficult life circumstances, guardianship and care of children. The term «community» can be defined as an area, community of interested of people and local government and administrative-territorial unit. In the Law of Ukraine «On Social Services», the description of relevance of social services in the community and the purpose of the centre of social services as central and local authorities are specified. To conclude, the interdepartmental activities of state and public organisations related to children’s protection systems, the establishment of an interdepartmental commission aimed at identifying the children affected by violence and circumstances that may threaten their lives and health have been revealed. Thus, local governments can be considered to be part of the system of social protection of children. the establishment and development of interaction and partnership between local governments, the executive social institutions and public organizations that strengthens protection of children can be considered to be the necessary conditions for the effectiveness of the aforementioned activities.

The activity of the Interdepartmental Commission for Maximum Admissible Concentrations and Intensities for Agents Harmful to Health in the Working Environment in 2017-2019

In the fourth phase of the National Programme “Improvement of safety and working conditions”, 10 meetings of the Commission took place, during which the following items were discussed: – 37 documentations for recommended exposure limits of chemical substances prepared by the Expert Group for Chemical and Dust Agents – the position of the Interdepartmental Commission for MAC and MAI regarding: smog, nitric oxide limit value in the underground mining and tunneling sector, binding value for 1,2-dichloroethane and the introduction of the „skin” label (absorption of the substance through the skin may be just as important, as if inhaled) – rules for determining occupational exposure limits of chemical and dust harmful to health in the working environment and for active substances of cytostatics – programmes for improving working conditions in KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. copper mines in order to limit exposure to nitric oxide at workstations to the value of 2.5 mg / m3 adopted in Directive 2017/164 / EU with a transitional period until August 21, 2023 (Official Journal of the EU L 27 of 1.2.2017, p. 115) – adaptation of the Polish list of MAC values to Directive 2017/164 / EU establishing the 4th list of indicative occupational exposure values, to the draft directive establishing the 5th list of indicative occupational exposure values and to directives 2017/2398 /EU, 2019/130 / EU and 2019/983 / EU amending Directive 2004/37/EC on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to carcinogens or mutagens at work – the position of the Economic Chamber of Non-Ferrous Metals and Recycling regarding the reduction of the MAC value for cadmium and its compounds – the notations in the draft ordinance of the Minister of Family, Labour and Social Policy amending the ordinance on maximum admissible concentrations and intensities of agents harmful to health in the working environment for wood dust and chromium (VI) compounds in relation to transitional measures included in Directive 2019/130 /EU of January 16, 2019. The Interdepartmental Commission for MAC and MAI adopted 10 proposals and presented them to the minister responsible for work on a revision of the list of maximum admissible concentrations and intensity of agents harmful to health in the working environment in the following areas: – introduction to Annex 1 „Chemical substances” of records on dusts – the introduction of the „skin” notation for 195 chemicals – introduction to Annex No. 1 maximum admissible concentrations for 11 new chemicals and changes for 22 chemicals. The work carried out by the Interdepartmental Committee of MAC and MAI in 2017-2019 made it possible to adaptat to national law the EU directive in this field within the period provided for in the directives. Two ordinances of the Minister of Family, Labour and Social Policy were prepared and published, including the provisions of the abovementioned directives and added concentration limits for 11 new chemical agents harmful to health in the working environment. The results of the Commission’s work in 2017-2019 were disseminated in 12 issues of Principles and Methods of Assessing the Working Environment, in which the following were published: 34 documents on occupational exposure levels for chemicals, 35 methods for determining the concentrations of chemicals in the working environment, 7 articles, an in-situ electromagnetic field measurement procedure and annual reports on the activities of the Commission. The results of the Commission’s activities in 2017-2019 were presented in 14 Polish publications, 7 presentations during Polish conferences as well as at workshops and training conferences as part of the European information campaign „Hazardous substances under control”. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

Gondola car designs 1937–1941 and their modernization

The authors of the article continue to publish materials on the development and design of gondola structures at the Ural car building plant. The article is devoted to the development of a gondola car by the Ural design Bureau in 1937 and its subsequent modernization. The design elements of the gondola car that differ from the previous model are considered: size, trolley, automatic coupling and brakes, manhole cover, parameters of the gondola car, etc. The results of the work of the Interdepartmental Commission are presented. A new design is considered: coupling buffer beam and the connection of the beams with the lower belt, the constituent elements of the cross section of a center girder and corner posts, etc.

Minutes of the Interdepartmental Commission of the Russian Government on Release of 1,000,000 Rubles for the Repair the Episcopal House in Irkustk (1919)

The published document has been found in the archival fond of the Council of Ministers of the Russian government of A. V. Kolchak. It permits to verify the existing notion of the historiography that theconsideration of the issue of state financing of the Irkutsk episcopal house repair confirms that there were “unscheduled expenses” of the Chief Directorate for Religious Affairs “for the maintenance of religious organizations.” Recordkeeping documentation of the anti–Bolshevik governments agencies in the East of the former Russian Empire of the Civil War period (files no. 1436 of the Office of the Council of Ministers and no. 1128 of the Legal Department of the Russian government “On release of 1,000,000 rubles in assistance of repair of the burned-down episcopal house in Irkutsk”) follows the consideration of this issue. On August 20, 1919, the Chief Directorate for Religious Affairs sent a petition for the release of 1,000,000 rubles for the repair of the burned-down episcopal house in Irkutsk to the Council of Ministers, where it was received on August 22. On October 8, 1919 it was considered at a meeting of the Interdepartmental Commission under the Chief Directorate for Religious Affairs. On October 21, 1919 the Legal Department developed a draft of the resolution for the Council of Ministers “On the allocation of 1,000,000 rubles from the Treasury in allowance for the repair of the episcopal house in Irkutsk.” Documents on adoption of the resolution or on the release of the funds haven’t been found, and yet the minutes of the Interdepartmental Commission on this issue show that the main argument in favor of the release of public funds for the repair of the building was that its restoration was to provide for the needs of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian government, thus allowing to question the existing notion that the financing of the repair of the Irkutsk episcopal house in was an example of “unscheduled expenses” of the Chief Directorate for Religious Affairs “for the maintenance of religious organizations.”

The activity of the Interdepartmental Commission for Maximum Admissible Concentrations and Intensities for Agents Harmful to Health in the Working Environment in 2018 and the work plan in 2019

In 2018 the Commission met at three sessions, during which 9 documentations for recommended exposure limits of chemical substances, were discussed. Moreover the Commission discussed on: a system for notifying entrepreneurs, employees and inspection bodies of proposals for new or verified binding values (for carcinogenic and mutagenic substances) or indicator values for harmful chemicals in the form of messages, rules for setting limit values for harmful to health chemicals in the working environment, a program to improve working conditions in copper mines of KGHM Polska Miedź SA. and the methodology for determining hygiene standards for active substances of cytostatics, taking into account the uncertainty factor "F". The Commission suggested to the Minister of Family, Labour and Social Policy the following changes in the list of MAC values: adaptation of the Polish list of maximum admissible concentration (MAC-NDS) to Directive 2019/130/EC of 31/1/2019 amending Directive 2004/37/EC on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to carcinogens or mutagens at work (these are: chloroethene, o-toluidine and 1,3-butadiene), adjusting the MAC-value for trimethylamine to the value included in the draft directive setting the fifth list of indicative occupational exposure limits, introducing changes in the list of the maximum admissible concentration of chemicals and dust harmful to health for the substances mentioned, introduce the following substances into the list of maximum admissible concentrations of chemical agents harmful to health: phenolphthalein (Carc. 1B), etoposide (Carc. 1B), fluorouracil (Muta. 1B, skin), 2-nitroanisole (Carc. 1B), N-nitrosodimethylamine (Carc. 1B). Four issues of the "Principles and Methods of Assessing the Working Environment" were published in 2018. The booklets included: 11 documentation of occupational exposure limit, 11 methods for the determination of chemical concentrations in the working environment, 4 articles, a report on the activities of the Interdepartmental Commission for MACs and MAIs in 2017 and the indexes of the documentations, methods and articles published between 2000-2018. Three sessions of the Commission are planned for 2019. MAC values for 10 chemicals substances will be discussed at these meetings. The Commission and the Group of Experts will continue to work on adapting the Polish list of the maximum admissible concentrations to: proposals for binding values for carcinogenic or mutagenic substances, proposed concentration limit values developed by the Committee for Risk Assessment (RAC) and work carried out at SCOEL.