Congenital Cystic Hygroma — A case report

Congenital cystic hygroma is a lymphatic lesion that can affect any anatomic subsite on the human body. But in most of the cases, the head and neck region are prone to cystic hygroma. Within the neck, the posterior triangle tends to be most frequently affected, but there is no significant demographic data. Keywords: Lymphatic; alfa-fetoprotein; vascular endothelial growth factor

Cumulative odds of increased comorbid score in head and neck cancer.

e17555 Background: Survival of head and neck cancer is impacted by known clinical factors, including anatomic subsite, stage of presentation, and treatment modality. An important clinical factor less explored is comorbidity burden. While it is known that a greater comorbidity burden is prognostic for poorer outcomes, it is unclear how the odds of presenting with increased comorbidity score is associated with head and neck cancer anatomic subsite. This study aimed at estimating the cumulative odds of increased comorbidity in head and neck cancer based on anatomic subsites. Methods: Data queried from National Cancer Database (2004-2015). Study sample (N = 328,504) consisted of Stage I-IV, Head and neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, with no missing demographic variables (age, sex, race, insurance status, local income, local population density). Multivariable cumulative logit model was used to estimate outcome of interest: odds of higher Charlson-Deyo comorbid condition score(CDCC) at HNSCC diagnosis. Results: Compared to patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer (mostly HPV-related HNSCC), patients diagnosed with more tobacco-related HNSCC, such as laryngeal cancer (aOR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.65-1.73), hypopharyngeal cancer (aOR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.28-1.38), oral cavity (aOR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.23-1.29), and sinonasal cancer (aOR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.06-1.19) had greater odds of presenting with a higher CDCC. Patients with nasopharyngeal cancer did not statistically differ from oropharyngeal patients in odds of higher CDCC presentation. Conclusions: Patients diagnosed with cancers of larynx, hypopharynx and oral cavity (typically associated with tobacco and alcohol use) present with greater comorbid burden compared to patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer (typically associated with HPV). It is important that the role of comorbidity burden be recognized in head and neck cancer prognostication.

Renal Cancer

Renal cancers in adults are classified into two major groups according to the anatomic subsite of origin. The predominant group, originating from the renal parenchyma, is mostly renal cell carcinoma, which, in turn, is further classified into morphologically, clinically, and genetically distinct subtypes. Over 75% of renal cell carcinomas are designated clear cell, which is closely linked to alterations in the VHL gene. Almost all cancers arising from the renal pelvis and ureter are urothelial carcinomas, previously known as transitional cell carcinomas. Renal cell cancer incidence rates have increased globally over the past few decades. In the United States, incidence rates among blacks have surpassed rates for whites. Modifiable risk factors such as cigarette smoking, obesity, and hypertension, are more common among blacks than whites, partly explaining the racial disparity in renal cell cancer incidence. Having a first-degree relative with kidney cancer also has been linked to a two- to five-fold elevated risk.