anthropological theory of didactics
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2022 ◽  
Vol 2159 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
P Ramírez-Leal ◽  
E A Maldonado-Estevez ◽  
W R Avendaño-Castro

Abstract The use of smartphones and some applications for educational purposes are valuable tools in the laboratory since they are motivating for students and the teacher can take advantage of this advantage for the teaching of physics. The experience is based on the anthropological theory of didactics and the teaching approach in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. It is proposed to investigate a trigger question in physics. To respond, an application is used that uses the smartphone’s sensors to record the simulation data. The experience is described, and results of its implementation are presented. Methodologically, a qualitative descriptive approach was used in a group of tenth grade students taking the physics course. Finally, it is concluded that the students felt motivated since they felt they participated in the construction of their own learning, supported using technologies that facilitate the integration of knowledge in physics.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Díaz Palencia ◽  
Antonio Naranjo Redondo ◽  
Pedro Vivas Caballero

Abstract The Anthropological Theory of Didactics has been applied to the field of didactics of mathematics with remarkable success. Fluid Mechanics is a discipline with a strong mathematical background, where mathematics is used for modeling the continuous nature. In addition, the Fluid Mechanics concepts are essential for the future engineer or scientist. For this reason, it is worth thinking whether the content that developed in engineering schools or science faculties are those demanded by the future professionals. The analysis has been done within the context of a case study framed in the Spanish noosphere, more particularly Universities and Companies. In this direction, the objective of this article is to know the institutional distance between the University and society as a demander of technologies based on Fluid Mechanics. To this end, the methodology based on the issuance of a questionnaire to experts focused on aspects such as present and emerging content associated with the Fluid Mechanics of an engineering degree is used. Note that the number of experts selected is reduced so as to consider the study as a sourcing for introducing expert thoughts on the fluid mechanics conception between university and companies. The results highlight the existence of an institutional distance between the University and the Enterprise (as a technology executor) in the conception of contents, thus establishing an area of potential improvement within the noosphere associated with fluid mechanics in Spain. Highlights Questionnaire to experts to understand the current institutional relations between University and Company in the Spanish system. Application of the Anthropological Theory of Didactics (ATD) techniques to Fluid Mechanics. Confirmation of an institutional distance between University and Companies in Fluid Mechanics conceptions.


Author(s):  
Liliana Patricia Ospina Marulanda ◽  
César Augusto Delgado García

AbstractWe present progress made in doctoral thesis «Configuration of the assessment practices of mathematics teachers at university». Preliminary analysis shows the predominance of «summative assessment» of learning, content-centered, aside from the teaching and study activities, producing poor operative learning outcomes. This didactic phenomenon entails the problem of establishing the conditions and constraints that hinder the development of a more functional kind of assessment that mediates these activities and obtain more operational learning. Finally, we construct the concept of assessment of mediated interactivity as a contribution to the design and management of didactic and mathematical praxeology.ResumenPresentamos los avances de la tesis doctoral: «Configuración de las prácticas evaluativas de los profesores de matemáticas en la universidad». Los análisis preliminares ponen de manifiesto el predominio de la «evaluación sumativa», centrada en contenidos, al margen de las actividades de enseñar y estudiar, produciendo aprendizajes poco operativos. Este fenómeno didáctico conduce a plantear el problema de establecer las condiciones y restricciones que dificultan o impiden el desarrollo de una evaluación más funcional, que medie en dichas actividades y logre aprendizajes más operativos. Finalmente, construimos el concepto de evaluación de la interactividad mediada como aporte al diseño de praxeologías didácticas y matemáticas.


Author(s):  
Ignasi Florensa ◽  
Marianna Bosch ◽  
Josep Gascon

ResumenMuchos problemas docentes están relacionados con la ausencia, en las instituciones escolares, de herramientas epistemológicas para diseñar, gestionar y evaluar procesos de estudio. Proponemos incluir entre dichas herramientas los mapas de cuestiones y respuestas que constituyen una representación parcial del modelo epistemológico de referencia. En este artículo resumimos las conclusiones de cuatro estudios experimentales que incluyen formación del profesorado y recorridos de estudio e investigación. Los resultados muestran las potencialidades de los mapas de cuestiones y respuestas y las nuevas cuestiones que se abren.Palabras clave: Teoría antropológica de la didáctica, Modelo epistemológica de referencia.AbstractMany teaching problems are related with the lack in the school institutions of epistemological tools to design, manage and evaluate study processes. We propose to include within these tools the question-answer maps as a partial representation of the reference epistemological models. In this paper we summarize the conclusions of four experiences including teacher education courses and study and research paths. The results show the potentialities of question – answer maps and new open questions.Keywords: Anthropological Theory of Didactics, Epistemological Reference Model


Author(s):  
Edelweis Jose Tavares Barbosa ◽  
Anna Paula de Avelar Brito Lima

RésuméLe but de cet article est d'analyser, de manière comparative, les livres didactiques et les praxéologies mises en place par les enseignants dans leur pratique pédagogique, concernant l'enseignement des équations polynomiales du premier degré. Cette étude est faite dans le cadre de la théorie anthropologique du didactique (TAD) proposée par Yves Chevallard et ses collaborateurs (1999, 2002, 2009, 2010). La méthodologie est basée sur une approche ethnographique qualitative, dans laquelle les organisations mathématiques et didactiques de trois enseignants sont analysées en les comparant à celles des livres de référence. Les résultats indiquent qu'il existe une certaine conformité entre les praxéologies à enseigner, proposées par les auteurs des manuels scolaires et les praxéologies effectivement enseignées par les professeurs en classe. Les enseignants sont les organisateurs des tâches, des techniques et de la technologie de complexité croissante (FONSECA, 2004) qui sont rendus routinières ou problématiques en classe. La résolution d’une équation polynomiale du premier degré du type ax+b=c a été le point commun des trois professeurs, bien que deux des trois enseignants aient aussi travaillé des équations du type a1x+b1=a2x+b2.Mots-clés : Livres didactiques, Équations polynomiales du premier degré, Théorie Anthropologique du didactique.AbstractThe aim of this article was to analyze, comparatively, praxeologies in didactic books and praxeologies carried out by the teacher, concerning the teaching of polynomial equations of the first degree. This study is done within the framework of the Anthropological Theory of Didactics (ATD), proposed by Yves Chevallard and his collaborators (1999, 2002, 2009, 2010). The methodology consists of a qualitative ethnographic approach, in which the mathematical and didactic organizations of three teachers were compared with those of their reference books. The results indicate that there is some conformity between the praxeologies to be taught, proposed by the authors of the textbooks, and the praxeologies effectively taught by the teachers in the classroom. Teachers are the organizers of tasks, techniques, and technology of increasing complexity (FONSECA, 2004) that are made routine or problematic in the classroom. The resolution of a first-degree polynomial equation of the type ax+b=c was the common point among the three teachers, although two of the three teachers also worked on equations of the type a1x+b1=a2x+b2.Keywords: Didactic books, Polynomial equations of the first degree, Anthropological theory of didactics.


Author(s):  
Diana Patricia Salgado ◽  
María Rita Otero ◽  
Verónica Parra

AbstractThis work fits within a wider research whose general objective is teaching mathematics to non-mathematicians at the university, taking central assumptions of the Anthropological Theory of Didactics. This work proposes a praxeological model of reference related to a micro-entrepreneurship costs calculation. The generative question How to calculate micro-entrepreneurship costs? links mathematical and economic praxeologies. This model allows to go through a part of the study programme of a university calculus course.Keywords: Anthropological theory of the didactic; Course of study and research; Praxeological Reference Model.RésuméCe travail fait partie d’une recherche plus large dont l’objectif général est l’enseignement des mathématiques pour non-mathématiciens à l’université dans le cadre de la Théorie Anthropologique du Didactique. On propose un modèle praxéologique de référence sur le calcul de coûts d’une micro-entreprise. La question génératrice est Comment calculer les coûts dans une micro-entreprise? Elle associe plusieurs organisations mathématiques et économiques. Ce modèle permet de couvrir une partie du programme d’études d’un cours de Calcul du niveau universitaire. Mots-clés : Théorie anthropologique de la didactique, Parcours d'étude et de recherche, Modèle de référence praxéologique.


Author(s):  
Josep Gascón Pérez ◽  
Pedro Nicolás

ResumenCaracterizamos un paradigma didáctico, sustentado en cierto modelo epistemológico de los conocimientos que están en juego, mediante tres elementos concurrentes: los fenómenos a los que responde; los fines que propugna, que son los que determinan la dirección del cambio que persigue; y los medios que propone para alcanzar dichos fines. Como medios para evitar las consecuencias del fenómeno global del «monumentalismo», la teoría antropológica de lo didáctico propone ciertas organizaciones didácticas (tanto a nivel pedagógico y disciplinar como en las diferentes áreas y sectores de la matemática escolar) compatibles con los paradigmas fundados en la indagación. Esta estrategia constituye una forma de avanzar hacia el paradigma del cuestionamiento del mundo y plantea una propuesta de cambio curricular.Palabras-clave: Paradigmas didácticos, Reforma curricular, Teoría antropológica de lo didáctico.Abstract.We characterize a didactic paradigm, based on a given epistemological model concerning the knowledge at stake, according to three concurrent elements: the phenomena to which this paradigm reacts; the proposed ends, which determine the direction of the pursued change; and the means offered to reach these ends. As means to overcome some consequences of the global phenomenon called “monumentalism”, the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic offers certain didactic organizations (living at the pedagogical and disciplinary level, area or sector of the scholar mathematics) compatible with inquiry-based paradigms. This strategy is a way to advance towards the paradigm of questioning the world and it sets out a curriculum shift.Keywords: Didactic paradigms, Curriculum reform, Anthropological theory of didactics.


Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Rinaldi

RésuméMon travail de thèse dans le cadre de la théorie anthropologique du didactique m’a permis de construire une organisation mathématique de référence autour du calcul soustractif et d’élaborer une ingénierie pour le CE2, en cherchant à rester assez proche des pratiques de l’enseignement ordinaire. L’évolution des productions des élèves et des discours des enseignants sur un ensemble de séquences permet de questionner l’usage d’ostensifs tels que les écritures arithmétiques et les schémas avec la droite numérique dans le but de décrire, valider et évaluer un ensemble de techniques de calcul mental.Mots clés : Ostensif, Techniques de calcul mental.AbstractMy thesis work within the framework of the Anthropological Theory of Didactics allowed me to build a mathematical organization of reference around the subtractive calculation and to elaborate an engineering for the CE2, trying to remain rather close to the practices of the teaching ordinary. The evolution of students 'productions and teachers' speeches on a set of sequences makes it possible to question the use of ostensives such as arithmetic writings and diagrams with the number line in order to describe, validate and evaluate a set of techniques of mental calculation.Keywords: Ostensive, Techniques of mental calculation.


Author(s):  
Brigitte Grugeon-Allys ◽  
Julia PILET

RésuméDans cet article, nous étudions en quoi la TAD permet de faire évoluer la problématisation de l’évaluation des apprentissages et de la régulation de l’enseignement. En effet, ces questions étaient principalement abordées dans une approche psycho-cognitive, sans prendre en compte l’assujettissement de l’élève à une institution et la nécessité d’évaluer les rapports personnels à un savoir donné confrontés au rapport institutionnel, à différents niveaux de codétermination. Nous étudions les potentialités d’une analyse praxéologique des tâches, et plus particulièrement au niveau technologico-théoriques, au regard d’une étude épistémologique du domaine de savoir pour d’une part, caractériser des évaluations valides (Grugeon-Allys et Grapin, à paraître) et d’autre part, décrire les praxéologies à enseigner, enseignées et apprises (Grugeon-Allys et al., 2012). De la mise en relation de ces praxéologies, nous dégageons des aspects épistémologiques à travailler par les élèves pour organiser la régulation de l’enseignement en fonction de leurs besoins d’apprentissages (Pilet, 2015 ; Grugeon-Allys, 2016).Mots-clés : Théorie Anthropologique du Didactique, Évaluation, Niveaux de codétermination. AbstractIn this article, we study how TDA impacts the problematization of the evaluation of learning and the regulation of teaching. Indeed, these questions were mainly addressed in a psycho-cognitive approach, without taking into account the student's subordination to an institution and the need to evaluate personal relationships with a given knowledge confronted with the institutional relationship, at different levels of co-determination. We study the potentialities of a praxeological analysis of tasks, and more particularly at the technological-theoretical level, with regard to an epistemological study of the field of knowledge, on the one hand, to characterize valid evaluations (Grugeon-Allys and Grapin, to be published) and on the other hand, to describe the praxeologies to be taught, taught and learned (Grugeon-Allys et al. 2012). From the linking of these praxeologies, we identify epistemological aspects to be worked on by the students in order to organize the regulation of teaching according to their learning needs (Pilet, 2015; Grugeon-Allys, 2016).Keywords: Anthropological Theory of Didactics, Evaluation, Levels of codetermination.


Author(s):  
Maria Rita Otero ◽  
Viviana Carolina Llanos ◽  
Marcelo Arlego

AbstractIn this paper, we present results of an inquiry based teaching implementation carried out on a teacher training course in the University. The framework of the Anthropological Theory of Didactics (ATD) is adopted, and a co-disciplinary Study and Research Path (SRP) whose generative question requires studying physics and mathematics together is carried out by N=25 training teachers of Mathematics at University. Some conclusions concerning the conditions, restrictions and relevance of introducing the RSC in teachers training courses at the university are performed.Keywords: Study and Research Path (SRP), Trainee teachers.RésuméDans ce travail nous présentons des résultats d'un enseignement développé dans un cours de formation d’enseignants de mathématiques à l'Université. On adopte le cadre théorique de la Théorie Anthropologique du Didactique (TAD) pour développer un Parcours d'Étude et Recherche (PER) avec N=25 enseignants de Mathématiques en formation à l'université. La question génératrice demande l’étude conjointe des mathématiques et de la physique. Nous faisons quelques remarques liées aux conditions, restrictions et à l'importance des PER dans la formation des enseignants à l’université.Mots-clés : Parcours d'étude et de recherche (SRP), Enseignants stagiaires.


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