Concept of searching for anchor goods based on the study of commodity indices

The article is devoted to the search for anchor goods — goods whose prices are forming for the prices of groups of goods. The role of the desired anchor product is similar to the role of the anchor currency. The identification of such anchors will allow us to understand the pricing structure, which is presumably of a self-affinity nature. The authors believe that there are several options for why a particular product becomes an anchor: historical, cultural or economic. To identify the main requirements for the anchor product, the behavior and dynamics of price changes of goods included in the CRB index were analyzed. Attention to this index is due, firstly, to its complex but significant role in setting exchange rates, and secondly, its role in analyzing world markets. The CRB index is an indicator of trends in the global commodity market. It displays all the movements and changes in the structure of the world commodity market. The characteristic patterns in the behavior of the goods in question are revealed. Typical phase portraits of their relational series for CRB index products have been revealed. The goods included in the CRB index were regrouped according to the similarity of their behavior relative to each other. Four groups were obtained, within each of which phase portraits of relational time series based on a pair of goods have a similar appearance. Reference phase portraits are described. The basic rules of the anchor product search are formulated based on the study of goods included in the selected commodity index. The conceptual proposals for the search for anchor goods using commodity indexes are formulated Based on the proposed approach, some products were investigated and their ability to play the role of an anchor was evaluated.

High precision phase estimation with controllable sensitivity and dynamic range

High precision phase estimation is at the core of modern physics and practical applications. We investigate a method for high precision phase estimation via inserting a reference state which enables weak measurement technique to be used in wide dynamic range. A reference phase is introduced artificially to offset the time delay between preselection state and reference state. The sensitivity of measured phase and the linear dynamic range are controllable by adjusting reference phase. Moreover, an arbitrary postselection in measurement is applicable by choosing appropriate reference phase. This method has merits of controllable sensitivity and wide dynamic range, which shows great potential practical applications in high precision phase measurement.

Coexistence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity in MWCNT/Bi2SiO5 nanocomposites

This work explores the temperature and field-dependent magnetic properties of Bi2SiO5 (BSO)/multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites prepared by hydrothermal method using different content of magnetic MWCNT (from 1 to 20 wt%). A pure BSO prepared by the same method was also studied as a reference. Phase purity and structure of the pure BSO and CBSO nanocomposites were analyzed by employing the Rietveld refinement of an X-ray diffraction pattern. DC magnetization analysis confirms the co-existence of multiple magnetic phases in CBSO nanocomposites, where a paramagnetic (PM) to ferromagnetic (FM) transition experiences at ~33 K, and a cluster spin glass behavior at near Curie temperature (i.e., TC ~25 K). A weak superconducting transition (TSC) at around ~23 K was observed for all the CBSO nanocomposites samples (i.e., 2.5 wt% MWCNT and above samples). Moreover, a novel feature of these nanocomposites is that they exhibit a complex magnetism corresponding to the co-existence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity. This behavior can be exploited to engineer a magnetic CBSO composites system with the magnetic transition tune by compositional structure, with interesting potential applications.

The Reference Phase Correction for the Fluctuated Scanning Lines and the Slope of the Stage in Tissue Characterization by Scanning Acoustic Microscope

In this study, a new approach was investigated to extract reference phases from the scanning acoustic microscope to calculate the speed of sound when dealing with the slope of the stage and fluctuation of the scanning lines. To capture the slope and the fluctuation pattern, data of the first lines along the horizontal and vertical axes on the stage were used. A corrective function was then utilized to improve the accuracy of reference phase extraction. The method was then corroborated by demonstrating tumor discrimination in mice skin by means of scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM). B16-F10 melanoma cells were used to grow the tumor. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was applied for histology characterization of the sample. A comparison of both acoustics and histology was conducted. Phase analysis was performed to examine the effects of both slope and fluctuation. The results showed that our approach significantly improved the tumor detection and accuracy of scanning acoustic microscopy.

Amplitude variation with incident angle inversion for Q-factors in viscoelastic media: A case study

At an interface separating two viscoelastic media, the variation of the reflection coefficient with the incident angle is associated with the quality factors ([Formula: see text]-factors) of both media; this sets up a theoretical foundation for [Formula: see text]-factor inversion by amplitude variation with incident angle (AVA). The AVA inversion for [Formula: see text]-factors was applied to a field example of a gas reservoir to detect gas. Considering that the AVA inversion is commonly performed to obtain P- and S-wave velocities in the previous interpretation of the field seismic data, a new AVA inversion process for [Formula: see text]-factors was designed. The existing P- and S-wave velocities were used as the reference phase velocities at the dominant frequency of seismic signals in viscoelastic media, and then the [Formula: see text]-factors for P- and S-waves were inverted from the isofrequency components of the partial angle stack gathers with known reference phase velocities. The application in the field example found that this process obtained stable inverted [Formula: see text]-factor results, providing more powerful evidence for reservoir characterization.