SWOT and Strategy for The Development of Salt Industry in Sumbawa Regency

This study aims to find out how the strategy is in an effort to improve and develop people's salt management in Sumbawa Regency. The problem faced is the problem of competitiveness and product added value which is still low, so that it leads to the level of the economic welfare of the economic actors in the salt sector. To overcome these problems, a Salt Development Strategy is needed in order to have competitiveness. SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) is used in research to develop strategies by considering strengths and weaknesses (internal environment) as well as opportunities and threats (external environment) faced by the Regional Government of Sumbawa Regency in order to develop its salt potential. The method of data collection was carried out by the method of Focused Group Discussion, Participatory Resource Mapping, observation, interviews, and literature study. The research subjects are stakeholders in Sumbawa Regency, namely the Sumbawa Regency Government, Academics, Entrepreneurs/Industry, and Salt Farmers Community. This research is a type of qualitative descriptive research. The resulted of this research were the strategies to develop the salt industry. Those strategies were: 1). Increasing the salt business system financing program, 2). Facilitating group or institutional development through collaboration with related parties, 3). Education about salt innovation and technology, 4). Increased cooperation with the government, especially the Cooperatives, Trade, and UMKM Service and the Fisheries and Marine Service, 5). Strengthening institutional management through various human resources education and training, 6). Strengthening capital capabilities and business partnerships, 7). Improvement of supporting facilities and infrastructure, 8). Development of salt business through the introduction of side businesses supporting the salt industry and 9). Establishment of a salt business association in the context of sharing information and experiences related to the world of salt.

BRIQUETAGE AND BRINE: LIVING AND WORKING AT THE CLASSIC MAYA SALT WORKS OF EK WAY NAL, BELIZE

Systematic flotation survey and spatial analysis of artifacts at the submerged salt work of Ek Way Nal reveal evidence of a residence, salt kitchens, and additional activities. Ek Way Nal is one of 110 salt works associated with a Late to Terminal Classic (A.D. 600–900) salt industry known as the Paynes Creek Salt Works. Wooden posts that form the walls of 10 buildings are remarkably preserved in a peat bog below the sea floor providing an opportunity to examine surface artifacts in relation to buildings. Numerous salt kitchens have been located at the Paynes Creek Salt Works by evidence of abundant briquetage—pottery associated with boiling brine over fires to make salt. As one of the largest salt works with 10 buildings, there is an opportunity to examine variability in building use. Systematic flotation survey over the site and flagging and mapping individual artifacts and posts provide evidence that the Ek Way Nal salt makers had a residence near the salt kitchens, along with evidence of salting fish for subsistence or surplus household production. The results are compared with ethnographic evidence from Sacapulas and other salt works.

Pricing strategy at the local salt industry institutional structure of East Java, Indonesia

This study aims to create a strategy to increase local salt prices in the East Java Region. The analytical method used in this study is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to create a strategy to increase local salt prices in East Java. The analysis reveals that the problems in the field can be classified into three groups of problems, namely salt quality problems, marketing problems, and problems in financing. Based on these problems, the main policy alternatives we make are product standardization, market regulation, and financial regulation.

THE VIGOROUS SINGING THROUGH HISTORY—AN INVESTIGATION REPORT OF RONG COUNTY'S CARRYING WORKERS’ CHANT

Carrying workers’ chant in Rong County, a county in Zigong city of Sichuan province, has a long history. It is an ancient traditional music culture created and developed by working people in the process of long-term collaborative labor. The carrying workers’ chant on this piece of land is indispensable in people’s daily labor and maintains close contact with production and life. It organically combines folk music with strong physical labor, which has both musical beauty and labor beauty, and has a wealth of cultural connotation. Through long-term field investigations and visits, we start with the historical background, ontological characteristics, main artistic features, living space and other aspects of the carrying workers’ chant in Rong County, and dig out and interpret its cultural and spiritual connotations based on case analysis. Rong County is located in the southwest of Zigong City. The area is influenced by the salt industry culture and the content of folk music is rich and diverse. "Carrying workers’ chant" is a representative of local folk music, among which the chant of carrying stones and carrying workers’ chant of mourning are particularly famous. In 2016, "Salt Workers’ chanting" became the fifth batch of intangible cultural heritage in Zigong City. As the representative work of "Salt Workers’ chant in Zigong", "Carrying workers’ chant" is very necessary to be carried out through systematic investigation and research.

Evaluation of environmental heterogeneity and its effect on arbuscular mycorrhizal interaction in coastal dunes

Background: Coastal dune scrub vegetation is established on a substrate that favors biodiversity, but this is currently restricted to small patches. Objective: To determine the status of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in this vegetation under different anthropogenic pressures and to propose actions addressing its conservation and restoration. Methods: Plant and fungal community was characterized through taxonomic identification of the AMF and determination of their percentage of viability, number of infective propagules (NIP) and percentage of mycorrhizal colonization. Three contrasting sites were identified in the Ría Lagartos Biosphere Reserve: C = Conserved, IPS = Intermediate perturbation by the salt industry and HPA = high perturbation of anthropogenic origin. In each site, fine roots were collected from 12 common species and compound soil samples were taken. Results and conclusions: Eight AMF species were identified, in IPS, the highest values were presented in terms of percentage of colonization 55.43 ± 6.5, NIP = 142.07 ± 91.2 and viability = 27.6 ± 15.21 % while, in HPA, a higher number of healthy spores were found 43.6 ± 11.5/50 g. Infective propagules are an indicator of a “healthy ecosystem” and were found at a higher proportion in the conserved site.

Feasibility study of salt industry and factor influencing the salt production in Pangkajene Kepulauan

This study aimed to investigate the dissemination level of Ulil Filtered Technology (TUF) and geo-membrane technology and factors influencing salt production in Pangkep. Purposive sampling was performed for data collection. Regression analysis was applied for data analysis. Revenue cost analysis (R-C ratio) was performed. Break Event Point analysis (BEP) was applied, and Pay Back Period (PBP) analysis was used. The results showed that salt farmers unfamiliar with TUF and geo-membrane technology ranged from 6.71 to 9.62%, reasonably know (36.53 - 37.76%) and know to use TUF and geo-membrane technology (53.85 - 55.53%). Cost and technology significantly affected salt production, including area and number of labourers. The business feasibility study showed that Revenue Cost Ratio (1.98), Break Event Point (IDR 4,735,276), and Pay Back Period (1.9 years), respectively.

DERMATOLOGICAL MORBIDITIES IN SALT PAN WORKERS IN A METROPOLITAN CITY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Introduction:India is among the three top countries producing salt on large scale.Salt pan workers toil for about seven to eight hours. Working in salt industry exposes the working population to direct contact with inhalable salt dust, salt crystals as well as concentrated brine leading to corrosive effect of salt, physical stress of hard manual labor. Therefore it was thought to study health problems of salt pan workers in Mumbai especially dermatological morbidity. Objectives: 1. To study the socio-demographic profile of salt pan workers. 2. To measure the point prevalence of dermatological morbidities in salt pan workers. 3. To observe the association between duration of salt works and presence of dermatological symptoms. 4. To study the association between use of Personal Protective Equipments and presence of dermatological symptoms. Methods: Study Design:Cross sectional study. Sample size:385 Study subjects:Individual who were working with dry salt (non-brine workers) and those working in a brine plant (Brine workers) were chosen for the study after taking informed consent. Duration of study:18 months, August 2011 to January 2014. Systematic random sampling method was used. Study tools were Interview schedule and Clinical examination.Salt pan workers who worked for more than six months were included.. SPSS version 15.0 was used for data analysis. Results and Conclusion: Overall point prevalence of dermatological symptoms was 12.7% The most common was itching 6.8% followed by burning sensation over limbs 5.2%, dryness of skin 2.3 % and cracks 1.3% over limbs.