STRATEGI PENINGKATAN EKSPOR UMKM INDONESIA SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19

Exports play an important role in the economy of a country, including Indonesia. However, the value of Indonesia's exports, especially those from MSMEs, is still very low. This study aims to map a strategy to increase the export of Indonesian MSMEs and analyze these strategies based on behavioral theory in order to find out the right strategy to be implemented in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a qualitative method that focuses on a bibliographic approach. The object of this research is 14 scientific articles that review the export of Indonesian MSMEs from 2009 to 2019. The results show that there are ten strategies that can be done to increase the export of Indonesian MSMEs, namely, training, increasing promotion, providing easy access to capital, implementing information technology and communication, infrastructure improvement, product standardization, product innovation enhancement, government policy support, MSME rating, and export procedure simplification. All of these strategies are related to the theory of behavior, namely the theory of planned behavior and the theory of attribution. The implementation of all these strategies can also be adapted to the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The History, Present and Future of Allergen Standardization in the United States and Europe

The topic of standardization in relation to allergen products has been discussed by allergists, regulators, and manufacturers for a long time. In contrast to synthetic medicinal products, the natural origin of allergen products makes the necessary comparability difficult to achieve. This holds true for both aspects of standardization: Batch-to-batch consistency (or product-specific standardization) and comparability among products from different manufacturers (or cross-product comparability). In this review, we focus on how the United States and the European Union have tackled the topic of allergen product standardization in the past, covering the early joint standardization efforts in the 1970s and 1980s as well as the different paths taken by the two players thereafter until today. So far, these two paths have been based on rather classical immunological methods, including the corresponding benefits like simple feasability. New technologies such as mass spectrometry present an opportunity to redefine the field of allergen standardization in the future.

Pricing strategy at the local salt industry institutional structure of East Java, Indonesia

This study aims to create a strategy to increase local salt prices in the East Java Region. The analytical method used in this study is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to create a strategy to increase local salt prices in East Java. The analysis reveals that the problems in the field can be classified into three groups of problems, namely salt quality problems, marketing problems, and problems in financing. Based on these problems, the main policy alternatives we make are product standardization, market regulation, and financial regulation.

Accelerated First Oil With Integrated Execution Model, Digital FEED Platform And Product Standardization

This paper illustrates how a subsea integrated ("SURF – Subsea Umbilicals Risers Flowlines" and "SPS – Subsea Production systems") execution model can be significantly improved in further reducing the time to first oil. It illustrates the use of digital platforms for FEEDs (Front End Engineering and Design) and Configure to Order (CTO) product designs to provide further schedule improvements resulting in an enhanced execution model. The time to first oil is considerably improved by cruising through the Front-End design gates using digital FEED platforms. CTO designs enable a project to reach the manufacturing gate faster by reducing detailed engineering effort significantly and in some cases eliminating it. The paper provides an introduction to the conventional execution model (Split SURF and SPS scopes), the integrated execution model (combined SURF and SPS scopes) and the enhanced integrated execution model (using digital FEED platform and CTO products). A comparison has been made on project delivery schedules between the three models illustrating the schedule savings through use of digital FEED platforms and CTO designs. It concludes that digitalization of FEEDs and standardization of product configurations create value for the operators in context of faster return on investment. Digital FEEDs are a new concept and still in its infancy. CTO design is a known concept; however, in context of a subsea project, how it may improve schedule delivery is not well established. These factors are truly an enhancement to the integrated execution approach and the additional value gets delivered to the end customer by further accelerating the time to first oil.

Manâfidu al-Muharramât ilâ Muntijâti al-Halâl: “Dirâsah Tahlîliyah fî Dhaw’i Ma’âyir Majma’ al-Fiqh al-Islâmî al-Dawlî wa al-Ma’âyir al-Mâlayziah”

This paper examines the changing process of unlawful (haram) materials into a lawful (halal) product according to both International Islamic Fiqh Academy standard and Malaysian standard. To harmonize those two halal standards on certain products, the subdiscipline of fiqh which determines lawful product standardization has put some fundamental sharia laws to clearly distinguish between halal and haram. The changing process is based on so called istihalah, referring to the merge among halal and haram and istihlak or possibility to take rukhshah (legal relief) and easiness to cope with any difficult condition using darurat (emergency causes) and umum al-balwa (common disaster). However, critical points of the standardization method need to well described, mainly on its composition based on shariah rules of halal product. The discussion covers difference opinions on the sharia law to the weak political policy on the Islamic law arrangement for halal product standardization that it is recommended to consider clear and more careful concepts (instead of istihalah, istihlak, darurat and umum al-balwa) in formulating the law.

MARKETING OF VEGETABLES THROUGH E-COMMERCE IN BALI PROVINCE

BPS National Socioeconomic Survey of Province Bali in 2016 to 2017 years, explains the order of foodstuffs (staple foods) with the highest level of consumption after grains are vegetables.Marketing vegetable in the Province Bali were still conventional, compared to some regions in Java which was increasingly aggressively marketing agricultural products with e-commerce. The purpose of this study is to examine the profile of e-commerce users. This research was explained characteristics, marketing management activities on the e-commerce platform, easy of used, e-commerce adoption and business success. This research was conducted on the e-commerce platforms Facebook, Instagram, Tokopedia, and Shopee. The research sample of 30 vegetable traders using e-commerce, analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods and Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results showed that most traders had a relatively young age with a degree of undergraduate education. E-commerce can increase merchant income by applying management principles to the marketing process, payment, delivery, promotion, price, marketing targets and product standardization. The results of the study can provide recommendations to the younger generation that e-commerce of agricultural products in business is very promising.

Putri Renjani Manisan Product Standardization: The Efforts to Increase Product Sales in Pandemic Situations

Recently, Indonesia experienced a major disaster caused by Covid-19 which was also experienced by other countries such as China. This had a huge impact so as to shake the stability of the country. Attacking public health, especially the economy. The Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia has occurred since March 2020 until now. This also has an impact on the income of creative businesses or home industries. This research will specifically examine the role of Putri Ranjani Manisan product standardization in the Business Group for Increasing Prosperous Family Income (Usaha Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga Sejahtera/ UPPKS) Kasih Ibu Kampung KB, Limau Sundai Binjai Village and product commercialization in an effort to increase income during this pandemic. The research method used to examine this research is to use qualitative method with an experimental approach to the existence of the creative industry "Putri Ranjani Manisan" in the Business Group for Increasing Prosperous Family Income (UPPKS) Kasih Ibu Kampung KB Limau Sundai Binjai Village. The research results show that the role of standardization is very helpful in increasing the quantity of product sales during this pandemic. The role of standardization also supports the quality of product quality, from taste, hygiene, packaging, and halal certificates to products. During the pandemic, consumers prioritize trust in clean and hygienic products and can be trusted through MUI halal certificate. In addition, home industrial products must also have good and clean management in the process of managing products, especially food products. Therefore, local governments must play a role in providing support for creative household businesses so that they are more able to compete in the global market and support the regional economy.

Marketing Love: Romance Publishers Mills & Boon and Harlequin Enterprises, 1930–1990

When Harlequin Enterprises acquired British publisher Mills & Boon in 1972, the merged firm became the world’s dominant publisher of popular romance novels. Little is known, however, about the role that innovative marketing strategies played in the growth of these two romance publishing companies, especially their use of product sampling, direct mail, product standardization, and what was known at Mills & Boon as the “personal touch.” Through research in the Mills & Boon company archive at the University of Reading, the Grescoe Archive at the University of Calgary, as well as an analysis of company histories, trade publications, interviews, and marketing techniques, this study reveals how Harlequin and Mills & Boon took a different approach to product promotion than traditional publishers. Their innovation was to incorporate consumer goods marketing strategies, familiar to other industries, that disrupted and redefined standard practices of book publishers.

Standardization of Arka Kalpana- A Review.

India have a rich heritage of traditional medicinal system from centuries. Ayurveda is a boon for us given by this rich cultured heritage. We use various forms of medicine either traditional ayurvedic formulations (Panchavidhakashay kalpana, asava , arishta, pottali kalpana etc) or modern formulations (syrups, capsules, soft gel capsules, drop formulations etc) in day to day practice. Some formulations explained in Ayurvedic texts lag behind either due to lack of appropriate study or these formulations are not used widely. One of such formulation is Arka kalpana. ‘Arka kalpana’ is explained in details by author Ravana in the text ‘Arkaprakash’. Here it will be explored in details and its standardization techniques will be elaborated . Drug standardization means to confirm its identity, quality and purity throughout all phases like drug collection, processing, storage, distribution etc. Standardization of Arka kalpana can be done in three stages – Raw material standaridization, process standardization and finished product standardization. The outcome of Standardization of Arka kalpana is that a quality, potent, effective formulation of medicine will be available in market with better patient compliance which is need of the hour.

THE MARKET POTENTIAL OF INNOVATIVE FOREST PRODUCTS

The article summarizes the data on the competitive advantages of innovative forest products in Russia and abroad. It is noted that the Russian market is not completely ready for innovative products that have been intensively developed recently. To ensure universal promotion of new products, it is necessary to use a system of product standardization, improve staff skills, and increase consumer literacy. The problem is that many innovative products are developed abroad and enter the Russian market as a result of foreign investment in the Russian timber industry. The production of composite structural wood materials is due to the fact that in some regions of the world there is a large proportion of low-quality wood raw materials, which cannot be used in industry in the form of balances, technological raw materials and firewood. Innovative technologies make it possible to obtain construction and structural materials from low-quality wood raw materials, in which there are no shortcomings of solid wood. New structural wood materials fill specific market niches, leading to deeper market differentiation. The price factor largely determines the demand for innovative products in the domestic market, otherwise, excess volumes of products are exported to foreign markets.