Building Plane Segmentation Based on Point Clouds

Planes are essential features to describe the shapes of buildings. The segmentation of a plane is significant when reconstructing a building in three dimensions. However, there is a concern about the accuracy in segmenting plane from point cloud data. The objective of this paper was to develop an effective segmentation algorithm for building planes that combines the region growing algorithm with the distance algorithm based on boundary points. The method was tested on point cloud data from a cottage and pantry as scanned using a Faro Focus 3D laser range scanner and Matterport Camera, respectively. A coarse extraction of the building plane was obtained from the region growing algorithm. The coplanar points where two planes intersect were obtained from the distance algorithm. The building plane’s optimal segmentation was then obtained by combining the coarse extraction plane points and the corresponding coplanar points. The results show that the proposed method successfully segmented the plane points of the cottage and pantry. The optimal distance thresholds using the proposed method from the uncoarse extraction plane points to each plane boundary point of cottage and pantry were 0.025 m and 0.030 m, respectively. The highest correct rate and the highest error rate of the cottage’s (pantry’s) plane segmentations using the proposed method under the optimal distance threshold were 99.93% and 2.30% (98.55% and 2.44%), respectively. The F1 score value of the cottage’s and pantry’s plane segmentations using the proposed method under the optimal distance threshold reached 97.56% and 95.75%, respectively. This method can segment different objects on the same plane, while the random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm causes the plane to become over-segmented. The proposed method can also extract the coplanar points at the intersection of two planes, which cannot be separated using the region growing algorithm. Although the RANSAC-RG method combining the RANSAC algorithm and the region growing algorithm can optimize the segmentation results of the RANSAC (region growing) algorithm and has little difference in segmentation effect (especially for cottage data) with the proposed method, the method still loses coplanar points at some intersection of the two planes.

Effect of Floor Shape Optimization on Energy Consumption for U-Shaped Office Buildings in the Hot-Summer and Cold-Winter Area of China

This paper explored the effects of the side proportion of building floor shape on building energy consumption. It is based on the analysis of regression models that were developed in the present study. The simplified building models can be used to conduct a parametric study to investigate the effect of building plane shape parameters on total heating and cooling load. DesignBuilder was used to build and simulate individual building configuration. Energy consumption simulations for forty-eight U-shaped buildings with different plane layouts were performed to create a comprehensive dataset covering general ranges of side proportions of U-shaped buildings and building orientations. Statistical analysis was performed using MATLAB to develop a set of regression equations predicting energy consumption and optimizing floor shapes. Furthermore, perimeter-area ratio (PAR), width ratio, and depth ratio were considered as three factors to characterize the quantitative relationship between floor shape and energy consumption. It is envisioned that the binary quadratic polynomial regression models, visualized as a smooth surface in space and mapped to a vortex image on the plane, can be used to estimate the energy consumption in the early stages of the design when different building schemes and design concepts are being considered.

Creation and Diversified Applications of Plane Module Libraries for Prefabricated Houses Based on BIM

In recent years, due to the advantages of high construction efficiency and less environmental pollution, prefabricated housing has been of increasing interest and vigorously promoted. However at present, most prefabricated houses simply pursue an increase in assembly rate, and the floor plan design still continues to follow the traditional design method of housing, which does not meet the requirements of industrialization and cannot achieve the goal of product diversification. This paper puts forward a method for floor plan designs of prefabricated houses whose core is building plane module libraries. The modules in module libraries all conform to standardized and refined designs. A new residential floor plan can be obtained by selecting and recombining modules in module libraries. The richer the module library, the more diverse the results will be under the same combinatorial logic, which can greatly improve design efficiency. In addition, this paper probes the method of creation and applications of plane module libraries in detail, so as to provide a new idea for floor plan designs of prefabricated houses. This research is of great significance for improving the efficiency of floor plan design of prefabricated housing and realizing goals of standardization and diversification of prefabricated housing development.

Application of Model Display Technology in Multimedia Teaching of Ecological Architecture Course

as building information model technology becomes increasingly developed, building information model technology is increasingly introduced in modern construction engineering project design, and good effect has been gained. Based on the above background, this paper applied building information model technology to develop a building information model technology image display system. This system has such functions as teletransmission, 3D display, plane display and interactive demonstration. Based on B/S architecture, this system can achieve teletransmission display between building plane image and 3D image. On this basis, contrastive teaching research was adopted to apply the system in teaching Ecological Architecture Course of architectural engineering specialty. The results show that the combination of model display technology and multimedia teaching system can improve courseware display effect and transmission efficiency and then significantly promote course teaching effect.

Laser Sinterization Aspects of PA2200 Biocompatible Powder - Spinal Cage Application

The paper presents the dimensional aspects of a generic spinal cage build up from PA2200 powder. The cage was manufactured by means of selective laser sintering (SLS) technology, on Formiga P100 machine. The geometric model of spinal cage was designed in SolidWorks by taking into account the requirements that have to be fulfilled by such an implant. The dimensional aspects refer to geometric dimensions along X, Y and Z axes measured on sample parts, when these were placed on a 4x4 matrix on the building plane. The measurements were conducted using a digital caliper having a precision of 0.01, and were presented together with the nominal dimension of the CAD model. In conclusion, some qualitative aspects regarding the setting of the scaling factors were underlined.

Analysis of Shape Control Factors for the Overall Optimization Design of High-Rise Frame Shear Wall Structure

From the basic theory of structural optimization design and shape control factors, the characteristics and control requirements for control factors of high-rise frame shear wall structure optimization have been introduced in this paper. The research and analysis showed that: the structure system and building height, length-width ratio of building plane, and the vertical height-width ratio play an important role on structural optimization.

Research Status and Development Application of Ceramsite Concrete Short Pier Shear Wall

Currently our country high-rise construction technology develops forward an important content to reduce the structure dead weight. The ceramsite concrete which makes full use of industry waste material obtains the good social efficiency and helps to reduce the structure dead weight effectively. At the same time, it has the good heat preservation performance as well as the fire protection performance. The short pier shear wall comes by the general shear wall development. It has absorbed irregular cross-section column structure’s merits. It is also easy to satisfy each kind of building plane request. Moreover, it has the lighter weight, saves the material and decreases earthquake function contrast to the general shear wall.