Measurement and Monitoring of Particulate Matter in Construction Sites: Guidelines for Gravimetric Approach

Studies on particulate matter (PM) from construction activities are still at an early stage. Thus, there is still no consensus on standardized experimental methods for monitoring PM in construction sites, which impedes the advancement of knowledge on this subject. This work proposes guidelines for measuring and monitoring the concentration of suspended PM and the annoyance generated by sedimented particles on construction sites in urban areas. These guidelines aim to reduce the variability and uncertainties that exist during the PM sampling processes at construction sites. This study adopts a literature review strategy in order to update the available scientific literature based on empirical evidence obtained in experimental PM studies and relevant documents from government agencies. The proposed guidelines were applied in a study protocol for gravimetric monitoring PM and annoyance tracking generated by sedimented particles using sticky pads. As a result, this article details sampling techniques, procedures, and instruments, focusing on gravimetric sampling, highlighting their characteristics compared to other monitoring approaches. Additionally, it points out a series of parameters for the measurement and monitoring of PM. This paper seeks to support future researchers in this area, inform decision making for experimental sampling, and provide a benchmark for measuring and monitoring PM at construction sites.

Influence of the Visitor Walking on Airflow and the Bioaerosol Particles in Typical Open Tomb Chambers: An Experimental and Case Study

Effective maintenance of ancient buildings is paid more and more attention worldwide. Many ancient buildings with high inheritance value were gradually destroyed, especially for murals in the open tombs. The bioaerosol particles (BPs) are the major source of contamination in murals and visitor walking could increase this hazard. In order to study the impact of visitors walking on the air flow and the distribution of BPs in the typical tomb chambers, the k-ε and Lagrangian discrete phase model were adopted. The walking visitor was described by the dynamic mesh, and the concentration of BPs in the simulation was verified by experimental sampling. The distribution and migration mechanism of contamination in the chamber were dynamically analyzed. The results indicate that the denser vortex generated when a visitor was walking, and the concentration of BPs changed obviously. Therefore, the number of BPs deposited on some precious murals increased and the contamination location shifted in the direction of visitor walking. In addition, the deposition time of BPs was lagging which would cause potential risk. This research can provide scientific basis for reducing murals contamination during visitor visiting and a reference for the maintenance of ancient buildings.

ASSESSMENT OF THE INFORMATIVITY OF MATHEMATICAL EXPECTATIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL SAMPLES OF MEASUREMENTS WITH UNKNOWN STATISTICAL REGULARITIES

Conducted research evaluation of information of application of sampling medians and arithmetic mean relatively experimental sampling measurements with unknown statistical regulations. The information was compared between the sample medians and the arithmetic mean according to Student's criterion.

Selectividad de red de encierro para Lisa (Mugil Incilis), Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta

Introducción. La Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta es uno de los ecosistemas estuarinos de mayor importancia ambiental, social y económica del Caribe colombiano. Sin embargo, sus pesquerías causan un fuerte impacto sobre las poblaciones ícticas que allí habitan. Objetivo. Se realizó un muestreo experimental de las capturas de lisa (Mugil incilis) con red de encierro “boliche”, a fin de estimar los parámetros de selección. Materiales y métodos. Se compararon y evaluaron las capturas realizada con paños de red de 2, 2½ y 3 pulgadas Los parámetros de selectividad fueron estimados a partir del método SELECT. Las curvas de selectividad se ajustaron utilizando el software estadístico R; mientras que los análisis comparativos de la captura por unidad de esfuerzo fueron realizados mediante la prueba de Kruskal Wallis. Resultados. Las redes de encierro menores a 2½ pulgadas tienen un efecto directo sobre la estructura de tamaños de lisa y consecuentemente sobre la sostenibilidad de esta pesquería.Las redes de encierro deben considerar la aplicación de medidas de manejo que prohíba el uso de redes con tamaño de malla inferiores a 2½ pulgadas. En términos de captura no hay diferencia estadística (P>0,05) entre 2 y 2½ pulgadas, lo que no genera un perjuicio económico para el pescador. Conclusión. El uso de redes de enmalle de Introduction. The Ciénaga Grande of Santa Marta is one of the estuarine ecosystems of greatest environmental, social and economic importance in the Colombian Caribbean. However, its fisheries have a strong impact on the fish populations that live there. Objective. An experimental sampling of the catches of lisa (Mugil incilis) with a “boliche” encircling gillnet was carried out to estimate the selection parameters. Materials and methods. Catches carry out with mesh size of 2, 2½ and 3-inch were compared and evaluated. The selectivity parameters were estimated from the SELECT method. The selectivity curves were adjusted using the R statistical software; while the comparative analyzes of the catch per unit effort were carried out encierro de 2 pulgadas o inferiores deben ser revisadas y su uso consensuado con los pescadores de la región. Palabras clave: pesca artesanal, selectividad, red de encierro, Mugil incilis, Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta.

Pengaruh Model Daur Belajar 5 Fase terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa pada Materi Termokimia

<pre><strong>Abstract:</strong><strong> </strong>This study aims to determine the differences in the 5-Phase Learning Cycle model and the conventional learning model of students' science process skills on thermochemical materials. This type of research is quasi-experimental. Sampling using random sampling techniques and obtained two sample classes, namely Class XI MIPA 6B3 as an experimental class and XI MIPA 6C3 as a control class at SMAN 10 Malang in the academic year 2017/2018. Collecting data using the science process skill observation instrument sheet. The results showed that there were differences in science process skills between students who were taught with the 5 Phase Learning Cycle model and conventional learning models on thermochemical materials.</pre><strong>Abstrak: </strong>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan model Daur Belajar 5 Fase dan model pembelajaran konvensional terhadap keterampilan proses sains siswa pada materi termokimia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik <em>random sampling </em>dan diperoleh dua kelas sampel, yaitu Kelas XI MIPA 6B3 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan XI MIPA 6C3 sebagai kelas kontrol di SMAN 10 Malang tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen lembar observasi keterampilan proses sains. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan keterampilan proses sains antara siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan model Daur Belajar lima Fase dengan model pembelajaran konvensional pada materi termokimia.

The Effect of Interval With The Ball Training Method and Fartlek Method on Increasing Vo2maks

The problem with this research is that most of the endurance (VO2maks) players are in the low category. This is known from the race activities carried out by the SSB Muspan soccer team. This study aims to determine the effect of interval training with the ball and fartlek training on increasing VO2Maks. This type of research is a quasi-experimental sampling technique in this study using purporsive sampling. The number of samples in this study were 20 people. The research instrument used to measure VO2Maks in this study used the Multistage Fitness Test. The results of data analysis there is the effect of interval training with the ball on increasing VO2Maks, there is the effect of fartlek training on increasing VO2Max, there is a significant effect of interval training with the ball and fartlek training on increasing VO2Max. Thus it can be concluded that interval training with the ball and fartlek training have a significant effect on increasing VO2Maks capacity

The PPEAO experimental fishing dataset: Fish from West African estuaries, lagoons and reservoirs

This paper describes a dataset of fish, crustacean and mollusc occurrences extracted from the “Experimental Fishing” section of the IRD's PPEAO information system. PPEAO stands for “Fish communities and artisanal fisheries of West African estuarine, lagoon and freshwater ecosystems”. This database contains information collected using two different methods: experimental fishing and surveys of the artisanal fisheries that exploit these ecosystems. The database is accessible at http://ppeao.ird.fr. The current dataset is available on GBIF.org at 10.15468/ra4voa. It comprises the occurrences of 314 fish, crustacean and mollusc taxa collected in experimental sampling surveys of different aquatic ecosystems in West Africa between 1979 and 2013. Different types of fishing gear were used including purse seines, gill nets and fyke nets. The taxa were identified by IRD scientists or by scientific partners well trained in systematics. Most taxa were identified at species level (97% of cases). This dataset is the result of 213 fishing surveys, 5,362 fishing hauls and 31,709 occurrences (28,428 of fish taxa and 3,281 of crustaceans and molluscs). The number of individuals per species and per haul is included and 80% of occurrences are geolocated.