The Estimation of the Potential for Using Smart-Trackers as a Part of a Medical Indoor-Positioning System

This research aims to estimate the feasibility of using smart-bracelets as a part of a medicine indoor-positioning system, to monitor the health status and location of patients in a hospital. The smart-bracelet takes on the role of a token of the system and can measure pulse, blood pressure and saturation and provide data transmission over the BLE. The distance between token and anchor was calculated by the RSSI. The position of a token and anchor relative to each other was determined by the trilateration method. The results of the research showed that the accuracy of the developed system in a static position is 1.46 m and exceeds 3 m in a dynamic position. Results of experiments showed that measurements from the smart bracelets are transmitted to the server of the system without distortion. The study results indicated that smart-bracelets could be used to locate patients inside a hospital or estimate their current health state. Given the low accuracy of systolic pressure measurement, it is recommended to develop an algorithm that will allow smooth measuring error for higher-precision estimation of the patient`s general health state. In addition, it is planned to improve the positioning algorithm.

Analysis of temperature measuring error in high-temperature ceramic samples with various methods of thermocouple fixing

The evaluation of methodological errors in measuring the temperature of nitride ceramics under unilateral heating by high-intensity heat flow was carried out. Simulation of thermal processes in the temperature sensor — sample system was performed using the Siemens PLMNX program. Various methods of fixing platinum-rhodium thermocouples with a diameter of 0.1 mm on the surface and inside the samples have been investigated. The regularities of the influence of the size of the hot junction, the presence of thermal cement, the shape of the grooves for fixing thermocouples on the methodological error of temperature measurement were investigated. Significant errors were revealed when installing thermocouples on the surface of the sample without violating its integrity. Recommendations for the installation of thermocouples were given. The results of the paper can be useful in the preparation of experimental samples for thermal tests on radiation heating stands.

Scaling of on-board characteristics of waterjet propulsion based on bench thrust testing data and loop test results

The on-board “speed-resistance-power” curves are profiled by a fitted jet thrust deduction factor relation, where the raw data are obtained from both bench thrust testing data and loop test results. Firstly, the thrust characteristics of a waterjet were tested by a thrust testing bench, while the pump performance such as capacity, head and shaft power of the waterjet was measured on a loop test rig. The useful fitted jet thrust deduction factor relation involves three related variables, that is to say, thrust coefficient, torque coefficient, and advance coefficient. Then, the best efficiency propulsion points are indicated by a collapsing technology and the subsequent results that the best efficiency propulsion points are actually existed. Cavitation margins are also noted by the two groups of data obtained by the loop data and the bench data, respectively. The discrepancy of the two margins shows the measuring error of the loop test means. In addition, the non-consistency features of the curves in the cavitation zone indicate the complex cavitation instabilities in the waterjet propulsion. At last, the bench tested thrust results are supplemented and therefore a useful map is completed.

Resolution-Enhancing Structure for the Electric Field Microsensor Chip

Electrostatic voltage is a vital parameter in industrial production lines, for reducing electrostatic discharge harms and improving yields. Due to such drawbacks as package shielding and low resolution, previously reported electric field microsensors are still not applicable for industrial static monitoring uses. In this paper, we introduce a newly designed microsensor package structure, which enhances the field strength inside the package cavity remarkably. This magnification effect was studied and optimized by both theoretical calculation and ANSYS simulation. By means of the digital synthesizer and digital coherent demodulation method, the compact signal processing circuit for the packaged microsensor was also developed. The meter prototype was calibrated above a charged metal plate, and the electric field resolution was 5 V/m, while the measuring error was less than 3 V, from −1 kV to 1 kV in a 2 cm distance. The meter was also installed into a production line and showed good consistency with, and better resolution than, a traditional vibratory capacitance sensor.

Flexible Facile Tactile Sensor for Smart Vessel Phantoms

Smart medical phantoms for training and evaluation of endovascular procedures ought to measure impact forces on the vessel walls worth protecting to provide feedback to clinicians and articulated soft robots. Recent commercial smart phantoms are expensive, usually not customizable to different applications and lack accessibility for integrated development. This work investigates piezoresistive films as highly integratable flexible sensors to be used in arbitrary soft vessel phantom anatomies over large surfaces and curved shapes providing quantitative measurement in the force range up to 1 N with 0.1 N resolution. First results show promising performance at the point of calibration and in a 5 mm range around it, with absolute measuring error of 28 mN and a standard deviation of ±10 mN and response times <500 ms. Future work shall address the optimization of response time and sensor shapes as well as the evaluation with experienced clinicians.

Comparison of simple moving average and arima timeseries forecasting models on independent historic data and extrapolating echo program attendance

Background: The Extension of Community Healthcare Outcome program (ECHO) is an educational and training telemedicine service that provides voluntary case-based learning opportunities for healthcare professionals. Prediction of participant attendance will be useful to improve the sessions with early requirements to maximize the benefits. Usually, the most sophisticated Auto Regressive models are used for forecasting, when the data contains observation with multiple variables and dependencies, Simple Moving Average (SMA) models are used less in such conditions. In this study we want to examine the accuracy and reliability of Moving Average models compared with Auto Regressive models. The objective of this work is to develop an accurate forecasting model for ECHO program attendance by considering non-stationary, independent organizational data. Methods: The study analyzed 2015-2019 Show Me ECHO attendance data from the Missouri Telehealth Network (MTN). The first step; trained and tested both SMA and ARIMA predictive models without any dependent variables and evaluated both models by measuring error values. The second step; used the best model to forecast ECHO attendance for years 2020 - 2025. Results: The SMA model was better than the ARIMA model for independent data with lower error values MAE - 38.9, MSE - 2552.15, MAPE - 32.9 percent, p- value: 3.36E-28, and higher R - square: 87 percent. Where ARIMA model was with higher error values MAE - 61.8, MSE - 7198.88, MAPE - 37.7 percent, p- value: 6.25E-22, and lower R - square: 80 percent. Conclusion: Simple Moving Average (SMA) is more accurate than Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) in forecasting future ECHO program attendance. Based on prediction; In 2019, the attendance range was 250-550, where in 2025 it got increased to 530-1170; shows that telehealth attendance will be doubled in th

Comparison of the Segmentation Results of Two Carrier Tracking Loop Types and Analysis of Theoretical Influencing Factors

This paper proposes an accurate quantitative segmentation method by analyzing the probability distribution of tracking variance and strict derivation based on the tracking loop theory. The segmentation points are taken as characteristics of phase lock loop (PLL) and frequency lock loop (FLL) performances, and the two factors that cause the performance difference are discriminator gain and filtering coefficient, which denote proportional and integration coefficients, respectively. The filtering coefficients lead to a difference of 2.5 dB-Hz between the FLL and PLL. Moreover, through the analysis of the normalized bandwidth and phase margin, it is found that the integration time and bandwidth need a dynamic balance to achieve the best performance. Finally, the simulation results and real data are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis results. The minimum mean error rate of the deviation between the real data and the theoretical data is only 1.8%. In the proposed method, the influence of external hardware factors on the tracking loop is removed, and the loop design factors are modeled directly. Instead of testing the denoising performance based on the ranging and angle measuring error after location calculation, the filter coefficient is proposed to evaluate the processing performance of the tracking loop objectively and directly at the theoretical level, which proposes a new performance evaluation method at the theoretical level. The results presented in this study provide theoretical support for the design of a new-type tracking loop with enhanced performances.

Rethink of Concept Mass Based on Experiments of Chicken Embryo Egg

Mass is an attribute of physical matter in general. However, whether mass varies during death is an interesting problem. In the manuscript, experiments about chicken embryo eggs were design to check it. Chicken embryo egg was sealed in a cup with 440ml, and monitored the mass variation during death process. The results show that for embryos of more than 14 days old, there were two turns on the mass time curve. The slope of line between two turns was larger than the one of the other, which means that extra mass loss happened between two turns. Experiments also show that for the chicken embryo of poor health, or early stage, mass loss was less than the health or late stage one. For the embryo of less than 14 days old, there was not clearly the second turn on the mass curve. Several kinds of experiments were designed and performed to confirm that instead of measuring error or gases permeation, the turns on the mass curve were a phenomenon related to death of embryo. For the embryo of more than 14 days old, the process of extra mass loss was most likely process of death, starting from the first turn, and ending at the second turn. The experiments hint that mass loss is a fundamental phenomenon in nature when a living being loses life; in addition to physical matter, mass is also a feature of life, which provides a new perspective to understand concept mass.