LEV IVANOVICH MOSKALEV IN THE MEMOIRS OF RELATIVES, FRIENDS AND COLLEAGUES

This is not a regular journal publication and not just «memoirs». These are sketches written by different authors but all about the same person – Lev Ivanovich Moskalev. On the 4th of December 2021 it will a year since Lev Ivanovich has left us. Relatives, friends and colleagues of Lev wrote about him. Everyone in his own way and everyone about his own. In the mosaic of these sketches, various features and sides were captured of Lev Moskalev, the bright person who has left a deep impression on many of his contemporaries.

The Philae Lander reveals the presence of low strength primitive ice inside cometary boulders

<p>On the 12 November 2014, the Philae lander descended towards comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, bounced twice off the surface, finally arriving under an overhanging cliff in the Abydos region. In this study (published in Nature on 28th Oct 2020), we present the results of our investigation of a previously undiscovered site of the second touchdown, where Philae spent almost two minutes of its cross-comet journey, producing four distinct surface contacts on two adjoining cometary boulders. It exposed primitive water ice —that is, water ice from the time of the comet’s formation 4.5 billion years ago — in their interiors while travelling through a crevice between the boulders. Our multi-instrument observations made 19 months later found that this water ice, mixed with ubiquitous dark organic-rich material, has a local dust/ice mass ratio of 2.3 +0.2/−0.16 : 1 , matching values previously observed in freshly exposed water ice from outbursts and water ice in shadow. At the end of the crevice, Philae fell forward and left a 0.25-metre-deep impression in the boulder ice, providing in situ measurements confirming that primitive ice has a very low compressive strength (less than 12 pascals, softer than freshly fallen light snow) and allowing a key estimation to be made of the porosity (75 ± 7 per cent) of the boulders’ icy interiors. Our results provide constraints for cometary landers that seek to access a volatile-rich ice sample. </p>

The KPJ Liberates, Conquers and Restores Yugoslavia January 1944–May 1945

This chapter illustrates the results of the major Allied landing on the Yugoslav coast and how Marshall Tito's movement became the main beneficiary of British support forthcoming from Italy. It examines the British influence in a restored Yugoslavia, through support for the most active domestic movement. The Yugoslav communists had been active, and radically so, because they were carrying out their own revolutionary plan, for long unobserved. Following the war of Nazi Germany and its allies, the chapter then uncovers a situation that developed in which all the cards were stacked in favour of Tito and the Partisans. It evaluates how the formation of a 'partisan government' at Jajce had left a deep impression on the population of Bosnia. The chapter also presents the Yugoslav communists' less success in Macedonia, and the German withdrawal from Montenegro. Acknowledged as Yugoslavia's prime minister, Tito went to Moscow in April 1945 to sign a twenty-year treaty with the Soviet Union. Ultimately, it analyses Yugoslavia's tremendous human and material losses, the final withdrawal of the Germans, and the communist takeover.

ASUH ASAH BABAKEH: ARYA TARI SEBAGAI UNGKAPAN KERINDUAN CUCU KEPADA ATUK

Asuh Asah Babakeh merupakan karya yang terinspirasi dari pengalaman empiris tentang kasih sayang seorang Atuk terhadap cucu. Atuk (bahasa Minang: kakek) merupakan salah satu orang yang berperan penting dalam pendidikan awal mengenali kehidupan penata tari. Beliau yang mengajar ilmu pengetahuan, agama, beragam cara hidup di dunia melalui nyanyian, cerita dan contoh peristiwa. Atuk telah wafat meninggalkan kesan yang mendalam sampai saat ini. Karya tari ini merupakan persembahan ucapan terima kasih untuk Almarhum dari lubuk hati yang terdalam. Asuh Asah Babakeh merupakan koreografi kelompok dengan garap kontemporer yang berakar dari tradisi Minangkabau. Garap gerak berpijak pada tari Babuai yang bernafaskan budaya Minangkabau. Demikian juga musik tarinya yang dikomposisi khusus untuk koreografi ini diharapkan dapat membangun nuansa budaya Minangkabau serta imajinasi tema untuk menguatkan dramatisasi pada setiap bagian koreografinya. Tema pada karya ini adalah ungkapan rasa rindu pada kasih sayang antara cucu dengan Atuk. Menggunakan tipe tari dramatik serta cara ungkap simbolis. Struktur Koreografi dibagi menjadi empat adegan. Menggunakan properti tari lampu togok (lampu minyak yang sudah dimodifikasi), serta properti panggung untuk menambah estetika penampilan serta menguatkan ekpresi tarinya. Karya ini ditarikan oleh 9 orang penari dan dipentaskan di panggung proscenium stage. ABSTRACT Asuh Asah Babakeh is a creation inspired by the empirical experience of a choreographer about the closeness and affection of a Atuk for grandchildren. Atuk (Minang language: grandfather) is one that plays an important role in early education in recognizing the lives of dance stylists. He teaches science, religion, various ways of living in the world through songs, stories and examples of events. Atuk has died leaving a deep impression until this day. This dance an offering of thanks to the deceased from the bottom of my heart. Asuh Asah Babakeh is a group choreography with contemporary work rooted in the Minangkabau tradition. Work on movements resting on the Babuai dance that breathes Minangkabau culture. Likewise, the dance music composed specifically for this choreography is expected to build the nuances of Minangkabau culture as well as the theme's imagination and strengthen the dramatization of each part of the dance. The theme in this work is an expression of longing for affection between grandchildren and Atuk. Using the type of dramatic dance and symbolic expression. The structure of Choreography is divided into four scenes. Using the togok lamp dance property (modified oil lamp), as well as the stage property to add aesthetic appearance and strengthen the dance expression. This work was danced by nine dancers and performed on the proscenium stage

Family Values in the Movie “A Quiet Place”: A Semiotic Approach

There are only few commercially successful horror movies over fifty years since 1970s that win many awards. One of many horror films released in 2018 that left deep impression for audiences is “A Quiet Place”. McClintock (2018) claimed that the movie has earned more than $300M globally, making strides toward becoming one of the biggest-grossing original scary movies ever. “A Quiet Place” is a silence movie directed by John Krasinski. Because of its silence and quietness, the audiences were forced to focus on the nonverbal signs in the movie. The theme of this movie was family values. One of many important films is mise –en-scene as this communicates indirectly to the audiences. The aim of this study was to know how the theme “Family Values” was visualized in the movie. Using qualitative approach and Semiotics analysis method, this study focused on how the signs and mise-en-scene in the film were interpreted based on the researchers’ interpretation using Metz’ Grand Syntagmatique (1974). This study was a desk research and the data were obtained from selected scenes of the movie. The results showed that there were five syntagma category used in the film; i.e. autonomous shot, episodic sequence, scene, alternate syntagma, and descriptive syntagma. The signs that were presented in the film were arranged by using those five syntagma to show the audience about the family value in the movie.

ETHNIC SPECIFICITY AND TYPOLOGICAL NUANCES IN THE EPOS OF THE NARTS

Нартовский эпос передает мифологический портрет осетинского народа. Своеобразные специфические нюансы встречаются как в начале нартов, в их появлении на свет, так и в их конце. Все, что называется жизнью нартов, наполняется и обогащается, разнообразится и облагораживается очень важными, только им свойственными специфическими и этнически типологическими нюансами, теми своеобразными штрихами, которые вплетены в ежедневный быт нартов. Их жизнь определена такими особенностями, как ритуальная специфика Куывда;морально-философское восприятие и понимание Ӕгъдау; всеобщие неписаные правила-законы Ныхаса; нюансы Хӕтӕна, Балца ‒ походов-разбойничества-скитания-путешествий-набегов; вплетенные в Фарн многозначительные носители мира, добра, изобилия и всего наилучшего; очарование и объемистость приветственной речи перед гостем или хозяином, и мн. др. Нартовские сказания, будь то прозаические или поэтические, должны быть изучены с учетом жизненных интересов создавшего их общества. Очень сложно все идентифицировать в современной общественной жизни, но также будет неправильно не наблюдать за этими сказаниями, за их основной мотивацией, за отдельными понятиями и фразеологизмами, которые важны для правильного построения характера создавшего их народа. Эпизоды, сказания и отдельные понятия, характерные для быта нартов, в работе рассмотрены в единстве с тем бытом, в котором приходилось жить нартам, и в целом, предкам осетин. Именно здесь виден их образ жизни, мировоззрение, добродетель, ценности, окутанные мифологической пеленой. В работе рассмотрены некоторые мифологические эпизоды нартов, а также обычаи, характерные для быта предков осетин, сохранившиеся до наших дней; отдельные понятия, в которых запечатлены присущие им типологические нюансы и этническая специфика. The Nart Epic creates a mythological portrait of the Ossetian people. Its ethnic specificities are so detailed in these tales, that they produce deep impression on he readers. Here the whole history of one people is divided into cycles, starting from their birth to their ending. Peculiar specific nuances are found both at the beginning of Narts as well as their end. Everything around the Life of Narts is enriched, diversified and filled with ethnically specific and typological nuances, masterly woven into the daily life of Narts. Their lives are defined by many notions: Kuvid– a special ritual; the moral and philosophical perception and understanding of Aghdav; general unwritten laws of Nikhas; the nuances of Khatan, Balts of hiking-robbing-travelling-hunting; Farn and its significance as carriers of peace, good, abundance and all the best; the charm and volume of the welcoming speech to the guest or host, and many others. The Nart tales, whether prosaic or poetic, must be researched by taking into account the quintessential interests of the society in which they were created. It is quite hard identifying and connecting everything in terms of the modern public life, but it is relevant to observe the main motivation, individual concepts and phrases in their development, as it discloses the characteristics of the nation, where they were created. Various episodes, tales and separate concepts characteristic to the life of Narts are studied in unity with the life in which the ancestors of the Ossetian people live. It is here that their way of life, worldview, virtue, and values shrouded in mythological cloth are visible. The work considers some mythological episodes of the Nart Epic, as well as customs, which were characteristic to the life of the ancestors of Ossetians, as well as separate concepts preserved to the present day, which show not only inherent typological nuances, but ethnic specificity as well.

LANGUAGE PATTERN AND CONTENT VARIATION IN PRIVATE HINDI RADIO FMS: A STUDY

At a time when private FM radio stations are switching over to alternate patterns of language, it becomes imperative for academia to decipher what are the patterns and how much potential they have in keeping the audience involved. The paper is based on the language used by a radio presenter in contemporary time and that the success of messages is not altogether dependent of a standard and established language which has been practised earlier generation of a radio presenter. Alternate language patterns use nowadays in radio sometimes leave a deep impression on listeners and society in general. In view of these facts, the present study attempts to understand the alternate language pattern of private FM radio stations in India and that too in Hindi centric belt. In this study, three different private radio stations have been taken for the study and one programme of each station has been analyzed in detail. These three radio stations are from New Delhi, Chandigarh, and Karnal. The study draws the attention of the academia and radio industry on context to the perception that despite the popular standard style of presentation and language, there are presenters who are breaking the monotony of standard language and it's rules and is more concern with whether the audience will be able to extract meaning and comprehend it or not. The study explores the possibilities of further study to analyze the correlation between the decoding of the messages by the listeners and their impact on public communication and its further impact on the culture as well.

Democratic Stability in an Age of Crisis

The interwar period has left a deep impression on later generations. This was an age of crises where representative democracy, itself a relatively recent political invention, seemed unable to cope with the challenges that confronted it. It has recently become popular to make present-day analogies to the political developments of the 1920s and 1930s. This book asks whether such historical analogies make sense and why some democracies were able to cope with the stress of interwar crises whereas others were not. Focusing on democratic stability in Europe, the former British settler colonies, and Latin America, the book emphasizes the importance of democratic legacies and the strength of the associational landscape (i.e., organized civil society and institutionalized political parties) for the chances of democratic survival. Moreover, the book shows that these factors where themselves associated with a set of deeper structural conditions, which on the eve of the interwar period had brought about different political pathways.

THE LEGEND OF THE ANTI-FRENCH HERO NGUYEN TRUNG TRUC IN THE CULTURAL LIFE OF RESIDENTS IN SOUTHERN VIETNAM

This paper presents the legend of the hero Nguyen Trung Truc in the life of Southern residents. The results showed that the hero Nguyen Trung Truc had left a deep impression in the hearts of the people. People have worshiped and created many fantastic, strange stories about his life and career which associated with the painful and proud history period of the nation. Those are the legends about the youth, the glorious feats of arms, the death and the reincarnation of the national hero.

The Bulgarian revolutionary romantic poet, Christo Botev

This paper deals with Christo Botev (1848–76), a famous Bulgarian revolutionary, romantic poet, and publicist. He lived only 28 years, but left a deep impression not only on the history of the national liberation struggle of the Bulgarians against the Turkish yoke, but also in the history of the Bulgarian and, more widely, world literature. This applies both to his brilliant revolutionary romantic poetry and his journalism. Botev’s first and the only book, “Songs and Poems by Botev and Stambolov”, was published in 1875 in Bucharest. He published in it just 20 verses, but they brought him immortality. The poet did not live long. The following year, when the Bulgarians rebelled against the Turks, he hurried to their aid. Together with a detachment of about 200 people, he seized an Austrian steamer on the Danube and forced the captain to moor it on the Bulgarian coast. The detachment began to be pursued by the Turks, and after three days the poet was hit by a bullet from a Turkish sniper. The poetry of Botev belongs not only to the Bulgarian people, but also to all mankind.