Indo-US Nuclear deal: Challenge for Pakistan

Pakistan and India were in opposing camps during the cold war while Pakistan was in the West camp and India in Soviet camp. (Gillani, 2021) (Ali, 2020). The demise of Soviet Union gave a chance to China to emerge itself as a challenger to the USA superiority. China's growing economy gave a direction to US policy towards the South Asian region and especially focused on India. India was also trying to be a hegemonic power in its region and common enemy of Pakistan and China. The US knew that there was only India in the south Asian region that will be helpful to combat china because Pakistan was already economically tied with china. There was another important point that America was intentionally focusing on Asia because it need allies in Asia like the EU and the Middle East. So it needs an important ally like India that can shelter the interests of the USA.

Corporate Governance Regulations and Practices under COVID-19 Crisis: Time to Rethink

The COVID-19 has brought the challenge of survival for all the companies around the globe. This pandemic totally changed the procedures of managing and governing the firms with the help of regulations of the state. The said disaster has also hit the existence of the major companies in different sectors of the economy. Consequently, it has drawn the attention of all the practitioners of the Corporate Governance along with the policy makers of the economy. The focus of this article is to see the utility and practicability of different regulations and practices of the corporate governance to cope with the current emerging challenges of COVID-19 in corporate sector. Furthermore, the current study takes some valuable insights from the leading business journal articles and find the key mechanisms of the corporate governance, which help the companies to deal with the recent crisis. These mechanisms could be effective for the different business units during this dilemma of COVID-19. This review intends to change the management philosophy of the different companies. Furthermore, this study aims to provide them with the latest mechanisms of corporate governance, which are helping the companies for their successful progression of business affairs in this tough time of Corona Virus. These mechanisms include presence of risk management committee, more attention to the stakeholders, family ownership, and block holders. This paper concludes that all the above said mechanisms of corporate governance are very helpful during the crisis of COVID-19. The study highlights that this pandemic has affected the governance mechanisms of al the establishments, therefore firms should be prepared for such crisis in future by paying attention to the different corporate governance mechanisms. The study recommends that certain practices of the corporate governance are very helpful in coping the challenges posed by the pandemic of COVID-19.

Benazir Bhutto as an Administrator

Benazir Bhutto was the first female Prime Minister of a Muslim country. She was also the first politician in Pakistan who was elected Prime Minister twice. Her leadership abilities brought several unique and unprecedented measures in Pakistan. Nonetheless, she had to face a lot of challenges in both of her tenures which included a rift with the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad (IJI) led rule in Punjab that objected her leadership as un-Islamic based on her gender. This rift eventually discontented the President Ghulam Ishaq Khan who dissolved assemblies only two years after she rose to power. Similar issue happened with her government in 1996 when the President Farooq Leghari dissolved the assemblies bringing an end to her second term as Prime Minister and that also two years earlier than its official expiry. Nonetheless, during her both short-lived terms as Prime Minister of Pakistan, she proved herself as a far-sighted leader who made some valuable administrative contributions to the country. Her administration also made some unprecedented measures which were also replicated by the forthcoming governments. This article explores her administrative contributions and it also mentions the challenges she had to face as the first female Prime Minister of Pakistan.

Functioning of Parliamentary Committees in Pakistan: An Analysis

Parliamentary committees are a tremendous way to ensure predictability and transparency in the work of ministries, regulatory bodies and public sector enterprises via effectual function of oversight. A major challenge for democracies is to ensure good governance especially in changing the way the private sector and the government engages. This research provides a concise and analytical study of the functioning of the system of committees in democratic systems and in Pakistan. The research analyzed the effectiveness of the parliamentary committees which will form the basis for this work for further progress. The research work is analytical as well as descriptive in nature. Data related to this study has been collected by secondary sources such as books, journal articles, encyclopedias and research reports.

Gender-Based violence in Pakistan: Incidences, Emerging Statutes, Intrusions & Factual Strategies

This article discovers by facilitating a brief recognition of Gender-based violence (hereinafter GBV) and its impact in society as breach of human rights which administration is abandoning for years. It’s a misery for our country to lack in making good policies regarding gender disputes and social rights related to human beings. The article reconnoitres different behaviours in which women are being victimized, degree of violence, its effect on victims and society at large. The current investigation will also covers adequacy of prevailing laws for women’s safety; acquiescence by Government and to what extent Pakistan fulfils its legal pledge related to CEDAW? Moreover flaw existing in CEDAW and Pakistan’s current debate in parliament to have new regulations in this sphere is also being discussed. In the end, suggestions and recommendations are made for Government, United Nations and Global Community for applied purpose through which women can be provided legal safeguard.

Evidential representation of using the modern devices and decisionmaking feasibility in Pakistan

In the long run of modernity and technicality, the use of smart appliances in every field of life has been the need and demand of the era. The evidential representation by using modern devices is permissible in various developed judiciary cultures of the world. Pakistani courts and the judiciary system are also adopting modern devices to present the evidence in the courts for authentic decision-making. The articles and sections of Qanun-e-Shahadat order, 1984 and Electronic Certification Accreditation Council under Section 18 clarified using modern technologies to present the evidence in the courts with state and religion's perspectives of acceptability. The study descriptively demonstrated various types of modern devices use for evidential representation of offenders data; press reports and press clips, fax, email and internet evidence, cell phones, computer-related data, audio recordings, photographs and screenshots, video films and video cassettes, CCTV footage, polygraphy test and DNA test. In each type of modern evidential representation, the registered, recorded and solved cases have also been mentioned as proof of modern devices application in court decision-making feasibility. The study found that the unapproached low-class sector of society feels reluctant to rely on and use modern devices for court hearings and decision-making due to unawareness and unavailability of modern resources. There is also the issue of some insecurities and inadequacies of using modern devices as evidential representation because of editing, cropping and regenerating the duplicate evidence that could not be verified due to lack of technical flaws and advancement of computerized technology.

CCTV Cameras Surveillance, Data Protection & Privacy Under International Human Rights Laws

The study aims to find out and suggest that how equilibrium among surveillance through CCTVs, right of privacy and personal data protection regime can be maintained. With the objective in mind, it discusses the CCTVs’ surveillance, its purposes, and scope of privacy in public or private domains under International Human Rights Law. It also focuses on General Data Protection Regulations, 2018 and its amplifications on CCTV surveillance.

The Role of Islamic Law in Convergence to Western Corporate Governance Features in Pakistan

This article examines the role of Islamic Law in convergence to western corporate governance features in Pakistan. The recent financial crisis in the world highlighted the importance of good corporate governance features. This phenomenon highlighted the possibility of adopting an alternative to conventional financial system in Pakistan. Islamic finance has shown its presence in the wake of financial crisis in the world. Therefore, this articles analyses, in comparative perspective, the Islamic financial system viz a viz conventional financial system. It further analyses the possibility of convergence of corporate governance mechanism, which is key for good governance in any financial system, in Pakistan. It concludes that Islamic Financial System may be adopted as alternative financial system as well as corporate governance mechanism may be converged to western corporate governance features in Pakistan. However, while doing so Islamic norms may act as a litmus test which may not be as problematic as it appears at first sight.

Globalization’s Effect on Environmental Degradation in Regional Cooperation

This study sctrutinize the impact of defacto and dejure GLOB (as in explained in KOF GLOB index 2018) on Environmental degradation in EAGLE, BRICKS, European Unions & NEXT11 countries. The defacto GLOB indicate the estimate of GLOB include variables that represent flows and activities, de jure estimate includes variables that shows policies that represents, enable flows and activities. Whereas the environmental GLOB is measured by CO2 Emission. The results show that dejure economic and social GLOB has significant impact on environmental degradation in EAGLE, BRICKS, European Union & NEXT11 countries which indicates that the favorable trade & financial GLOB policies in these countries enabled more economic GLOB led to more industrialization which deteriorates the environment in these countries. Yet political defacto & dejure GLOB has no significant impact on countries within these regional Cooperation’s.

An Appraisal of Legal Education: Challenges & Prospects

This research is designed to understand the principles of legal education in Pakistan, the existing scenario, and the problems associated with it. It relates future trends needed for the improvement of higher legal education and is an effort to represent the present illustration of legal education in Pakistan and the encountered challenges. It examines the prospects and developments that can be proposed to fortify the essence of this system. Moreover, the predicaments regarding modern legal education and its foundations have been outlined along with proposals for the enhancement in the legal education system that directly influences the quality of to be lawyers. In a nutshell, this article provides explanations to enhance professional capacity in the domain of legal schooling particularly focusing on the context of Pakistan-specific regulatory bodies.