THE PORT OF TUJU-TUJU IN BONE REGENCY (1990-2015)

This study aimed to describe the activities of Tuju-Tuju Port in the period of 1990 to 2015. The Tuju-Tuju Port in Bone Regency is a port that transports various commodities produced from several areas in South Sulawesi to other areas, especially to East Nusa Tenggara and its surroundings. The result study showed the activities in Tuju-Tuju Port that the ships going in and out of Tuju-Tuju Port were crowded everyday. Even though the port condition is not yet fully adequate, the loading and loading of goods still continues. The method used was the historical method with analytical descriptive consisting heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and writing. The Tuju-Tuju Port in Bone Regency is a companion port from other ports in Bone Regency. The Tuju-Tuju Port can affect the local economy, such as increasing regional income and opening up job opportunities for the productive ages. The Tuju-Tuju Port over time has also developed the existing loading and unloading system with simple facilities and infrastructure in Tuju-Tuju Port. Daily activities continue, so the ships that are leaning on the pier and waiting for departure scheduled are crowded adorning the harbor.

PASANG RI KAJANG: THE NOBLE VALUES OF KAJANG TRADITIONAL COMMUNITY IN BULUKUMBA REGENCY

This study aimed to describe the noble values of Pasang in the beliefs of Kajang traditional community in South Sulawesi. Pasang ri Kajang is an oral message containing guidance, customary rules, guidelines, and institutionalized norms by Turie Arakna (God Almighty) to the first Ammatoa (the first people) for the all members of Kajang traditiobal community. These oral messages inherited from generation to generation, from the first Ammatoa into the present Ammatoa according to the faith teachings of Patuntung. Ammatoa as a traditional leader is mandated to carry out all the rules containing in Pasang, supervised the teaching violations of Pasang, and practiced the all teachings of Pasang as cultural values growth in Kajang traditional community. The glory of a person depended on his/her obedience to Pasang called Tu Salama (saved people). The people who throughout their lives adhere to the values of Pasang will feel an enjoy life. The essence of Pasang is to surrender to Turie Arakna, which means surrender to the God willing, do all teachings and avoid all prohibitions of Pasang. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques were interview, observation, and literature study, then be analyzed inductively. From the result study, it is known that there were three noble values of Pasang ri Kajang, namely the relationship between humans with their God, humans with humans, and human with nature. The relationship between humans with their God as the embodiment of values of Pasang ri Kajang is the essence of Manuntungi truth based on the Patuntung belief by Kajang traditional community.

THE TOMB OF RAMBAN BIAQ MYTHOLOGY IN RAMBAN BIAQ VILLAGE, EAST LOMBOK

This study focused on examining mythology and history of tomb for a person who was considered sacred by the society. The sacred tomb is the place where person factually buried or the last location seen by others according to the local people beliefs of a past figure based on the relationships of ancestral, great name, extraordinary advantages, historical traces, his services, and values and traditions inherited by the figure which is believed by the most people to grant the wishes. The sacred tomb is the tomb of a figure in the past such as wali Allah, king, and so on. The purpose of this study was to know the history of the tomb of Ramban Biaq in East Lombok, to understand the people perception of the tomb of Ramban Biaq, to know the factors influencing people to make a pilgrimage to the tomb of Ramban Biaq, and to understand the procedures of pilgrimage to the tomb of Ramban Biaq. This study used a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected by observation, interviews, and literature study. The result study explained that the person who was featured in the mythology of the tomb of Ramban Biaq did not die, but still alive and lived in another world. The other myth was that this tomb can grant a pray to God.

THE ARRIVAL OF MADURA TRADERS TO SUMBAWA BESAR (STUDY OF CULTURAL ASSIMILATION OF SUMBAWA BESAR COMMUNITY WITH MADURA TRADERS)

This study described the history of the arrival of Madurese traders to Sumbawa Besar with a cultural assimilation process of Sumbawa Besar and Madurese communities. The purpose of this study was to find out the history of the arrival of Madurese traders to Sumbawa Besar, to find out the cultural assimilation process of Madurese and Sumbawa Besar communities, and to find out the impact of the assimilation between Sumbawa Besar and Madurese communities. This research was qualitative research. Data collection was done through direct observation, interviews, documentation, and literature study. The study result concluded that Madurese traders came to Sumbawa in the middle of 17th century through trading relation. In the middle of 20th century around 1920, several Madurese began to explore the land of Sumbawa Besar. The cultural character of open and democratic society made Madurese traders and Sumbawa’s people to assimilate easily. The assimilation process was carried out through social interaction, marriage, trade, and religious processes. The impact of the cultural assimilation of Sumbawa Besar and Madurese communities was shown by the establishment of a communication relationship between Sumbawa Besar and Madurese communities, the construction of a new community structure for the integrated of Sumbawa Besar community as Tau and Tana Samawa, and the construction of a new culture as Sumbawa’s culture requiring openness and tolerance.

THE STRATEGY OF INFORMAL SECTOR TRADERS TO FACE PANDEMIC COVID-19 IN MAROS CITY

The informal sector is a sector that has a huge impact during pandemic covid-19, because they cannot do their usual activities. The government’s policy in the form of PSBB restricts their movements to run their business, such as meatball and vegetable seller and who are in the front of the shops. This research described the strategy used by meatball and vegetable sellers during pandemic. The research method used was descriptive qualitative. Data were collected through interview, observation, and library study. The study result showed that during pandemic covid-19, the informal sector traders felt the decrease sales impact of which affected the income of meatball and vegetable traders, thus reducing their trading capital. They were in dilemma for wanting to run business and afraid of being to covid-19. Therefore, the meatball seller dealt by making various efforts so that their family needs are met and their business still survived by changing the marketing system selectively for goods being marketed and changing the debt-payment mechanism.