The Effect of Antlion (Myrmeleon sp.) Extract Towards Histopathology Image of Pancreas in Diabetic Mice

Introduction: Some studies indicated that antlions (Myrmeleon sp.) is traditionally used by many people in Indonesia as a diabetes treatmenter. However. reseach has not been done to find the effect of antlion extract in pancreas, an important organ in diabetes mellitus pathophysiology. Objective: To prove the effect of antlion extract towards histopathological feature of pancreas in diabetic mice.Methods: In the post test only control group design, 25 Swiss mice were divided into five groups. Normal group (Nor-G), Negative control group (Neg-G), and the other 3 groups were intraperitoneally injected with Streptozotocine 200 mg/kg to induce diabetic state. In Neg-G had no antlion treatment, whereas in At-14, At-28, and At-56 were treated with antlion extract at the dose of 14, 28, and 56 mg/kg BW respectively for 24 days. Pancreas then collected and prepared to be examined under microscope with 400x magnification. The score of pancreatic islet injury was determined by assessing structural damage and inflammatory cells infiltration. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney were adopted as statistical analysis.Results: Mann-Whitney analysis indicated that the score of pancreatic islets injury in At-56 was significant lower compared to that of Neg-G, p<0.05. The score of pancreatic islets injury in At-56 also significant lower compared to that of At-14 and At-28, p<0.05. In contrary, when compared to that of Nor-G, the pancreatic islets injury in At-56 was not signicantly lower, p>0.05.Conclusion: Antlion extract treatment at the dose of 56 mg/kg BW was capable of reducing pancreatic islet injury in diabetic mice induced by streptozotocine.

Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) Ethanol Extract decreases hs-CRP levels and Total Score of Renal Tubular Degeneration in Rat Model of Gentamicine-Induced Renal Damage

Introduction: Injection of intraperitoneal gentamicin at a dose of 60 mg/kg BW intra-peritoneal in rats for 7 days has been shown to trigger renal tubular degeneration and increase in high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level. The use of purslane (Portulaca oleracea) to reduce hs-CRP levels and total score of renal tubular degeneration has not been reported.Objective: to determine the effect of purslane ethanol extract on hs-CRP levels and renal tubular degeneration score in gentamicin induced-renal damage in rats.Methods: This was a study using posttest only control group design. Twentyfive male Wistar rats aged 8-12 weeks, weighed 150-200 grams were allocated into 5 groups: normal (Nor-G), without treatment; negative (Neg-G), gentamicin (60 mg/kg BW), intraperitoneally; P-200; P-300 ; P-400 (gentamicin plus purslane extract at a dose of 200, 300, and 400 respectively) for 7 days. The hs-CRP was evaluated using the ELISA method. Total score of renal tubular degeneration was evaluated using modified score of Sarjadi.Results: there was a significant difference in mean hsCRP level and total score of renal tubular degeneration between groups (p <0.05). Posthoc analysis showed that hsCRP level and total score group of P-200, P-300 and P-400 were significantly lower than those of Neg-G, p <0.05. Meanwhile, the levels of hsCRP and total score of renal tubular degeneration in P-200, P-300, P-400, and Nor-G groups were not significantly different (p> 0.05).Conclusion: the administration of purslane ethanol extract at doses of 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg BW for 7 days improve hs-CRP level and total score of tubular degeneration similar to normal.

Comparison between Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-1 Level and Bishop Score as Predictor of Successful Labor Induction in Full Term Pregnancy with Preeclampsia

Introduction: preeclampsia/eclampsia contributed to 30% of maternal mortality in RSUP Dr. Kariadi. Pre-induction bishop score assessment is a standard for cervical maturity estimation. Other predictors currently being developed, including insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1). However, there is no cut-off point for IGFBP-1 examination in full term pregnancy, especially with preeclampsia and its complications. Objective: to find IGFBP-1 levels and Bishop Score differences in preeclampsia women with induction labor.Methods: this prospective observational cohort study was conducted in preeclampsia women with gestational age ≥37 weeks planned labor induction at Obstetrics and Gynecology Ward RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang and networking hospital during study period (n=66). History taking, physical examination, proteinuria, cervical mucus IGFBP-1, and bishop score calculation was performed. Statistical analysis was performed with paired-t test, followed by ROC for cut-off value of successful induction prediction, and logistic regression to determine confounding variables effect on IGFBP-1 levels.Results: The average Bishop score of 66 subjects was 2.5±1.81 and 2.6±1.8 for women who deliver ≤24 labor and in labor for ≤12 hours, respectively. Although the bishop score was higher in the successful labor group, there was no significant difference between groups. Mean IGFBP-1 value was 8.29±5.033 mcg/L with median value of 10.8 mcg/L. Successful induction had significant higher IGFBP-1 levels with area-under-curve (AUC) 0.76 and 8.145 cutoff value (p=0.002, RR=5.1).Conclusion: IGFBP-1 level with cutoff point 8.145 can be used as predictor of successful labor induction in term pregnancy with preeclampsia.

Senam Sehat Anak Indonesia Improve Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Children with Obesity

Introduction: Excessive fat accumulation in the obese child causes complex problems in the respiratory system. Respiratory system function can be improved by exercise. One exercise model that is suitable for children is Senam Sehat Anak Indonesia (SSAI). The quality of the respiratory function system is measured using Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR).Objective: to validate the PEFR’s differences in obese children before and after performing SSAI.Methods: This research using one group pre-posttest experimental design with total sample of 20 obese children using purposive sampling method. The research instrument uses weight scale, height scale, and peak flow meter. SSAI was given to all subjects twice a week for six weeks. Paired T Test statistical analysis was used to examine the PEFR’s differences before and after performing SSAI, considered significant if p<0.05.Results: The PEFR’s mean of all subjects before performing SSAI was 258.25 ± 39.51 L∕minute, while PEFR’s mean after performing SSAI twice a week for 6 weeks was 282.50 ± 43.03 L∕minute, (p=0,000).Conclusion: The PEFR’s mean of obese children was increase significantly after performing SSAI twice a week for 6 weeks

The Effect of Honey in Second Degree Burn Healing on Wistar Rats (Overview of Angiogenesis and the Number of Fibroblasts)

Introduction: Burn therapy is generally done using a burn ointment. However, honey can also be used as an alternative treatment for burns. Honey contains active flavonoid as an antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide which can stimulate fibroblasts proliferation also angiogenesis on burn healing phase.Objective: to determine the effect of honey in second degree burn healing from angiogenesis and the number of fibroblasts on Wistar rats. Methods: This research used a posttest only controlled group design on 15 rats with random selection and divided into 3 groups: H-G was given honey, B-G was given Bioplacenton�, N-G without any treatment after burn was induced. Rats were given a second degree burn in a size of 2 cm x 2cm on the back area and were treated twice a day for 14 days. Burn healing was measured by calculating the observation results of microscopic VEGF expression, the number of neovascularization, and the number of fibroblasts. Hypothesis analysis used Annova post hoc LSD and Mann-Whitney.Results: The highest mean in VEGF expression and the number of neovascularization was obtained from group B-G followed by group H-G and group N-G. Significant differences in the number of neovascularization between group B-G with group N-G, p<0.05.Conclusion: Honey can provide a healing effect on the second degree of burns in Wistar rats in terms of the number of neovascularization as well as Bioplacenton�

The Difference between the Effect of Green Tea Cream and Tocopherol on Decreasing Level of Tyrosinase Enzyme and Amount of Melanin in Rattus norvegicus Exposed to UVB Rays

Introduction: Green tea and tocopherol are potent antioxidants used to treat melasma. However, whether green tea or tocopherol is superior remains unclear. Objective: To compare the effectiveness between green tea and tocopherol in decreasing the amount of melanin and tyrosinase level in wistar rats exposed to UVB rays.Methods: The experimental study took 30 male Wistar rats randomly and divided them into 3 groups. The control group (C-G) was given basic topical cream, GT-G was given green tea topical cream and TC-G was given tocopherol topical cream. All rats were exposed to UVB every Monday, Wednesday and Friday for 4 weeks, whereas topical creams were smeared every day. Topical creams smearing on the same day with UVB exposure was performed 20 minutes before exposure and 4 hours after UVB exposure. The doses of UVB were 50 mJ/cm2 in first week, 70mJ/cm2 in the second week and 80mJ/cm2 in the third and fourth weeks. The amount of melanin was measured using pixel method and the tyrosinase level was measured using ELISA.Results: Anova analysis indicates that the amount of melanin and tyrosinase level are significantly different between groups, p<0.05. Post Hoc LSD analysis indicates that the amount of melanin in GT-G and TC-G are significantly lower than that of C-G, p<0.05. The amount of melanin in GT-G is lower than that of TC-G, p<0.05. The tyrosinase level in GT-G is significantly lower than that of C-G and TC-G, p<0.05. Meanwhile, the tyrosinase level in TC-G is lower than that of C-G but insignificantly, p>0.05.� Conclusion: Green tea topical treatment is significantly capable of decreasing the amount of melanin and tyrosinase level better than tocopherol.