ASSESSMENT OF THE TECHNICALLY ACHIEVABLE LEVEL OF DUSTINESS IN THE AIR DURING EXCAVATION WORK IN COAL MINES

Purpose. Development of a criterion for compliance with the normative indicator – technically achievable level of dust (TAL) – a safe dose of dust particles that have entered the lungs of the employee for the entire period of retirement. Method. The research was conducted on the basis of standard algebraic analysis of the requirements of regulatory documents. Results. A criterion was obtained for the assessment by the coordinating organizations of the correctness of the mine’s determination of the technically achievable level of dustiness of the TAL. It is not related to the assessment of the perfection of dust control technology, but to the medical requirements for the prevention of employee pneumoconiosis during the entire retirement age of his work in a dusty atmosphere (20 years). The criterion is based on the amount of dust load on the respiratory organs of the underground worker during the shift, month, year and the entire period of his work, regulated by current regulations. Scientific novelty. It consists in the mathematical formalization of an intuitive connection between TAL – the maximum level of dustiness of underground workings during excavation machines, medium-variable dust, which takes into account interruptions in the work of excavation machines, and dust load on the respiratory organs of the worker. Practical meaning. The developed criterion allows to carry out the coordinated policy of the management and trade unions of the coal enterprises, supervisory and coordinating instances in questions of reasonable sufficiency of the planned antidust measures, both at a stage of drawing up of the design documentation, and at coordination of acts of TAL. Key words: dustiness, dust load, respiratory organs, dust excretion, dust suppression.

INVESTIGATION OF THE DEPENDENCE OF CHANGES IN THE VOLUME OF INDUSTRIAL STOCKS ON THE AVERAGE CAPACITY OF PEAT DEPOSITS Strikha

Purpose. One of the aspects of energy saving and increasing the level of the state energy security is the replacement of expensive imported energy by cheaper domestic ones. The surface location of peat deposits and the relatively low cost of organizing and conducting mining operations make this mineral a potentially efficient resource and energy saving tool. Currently, in the development of peat deposits, a mandatory element of the source data for the project is the availability of detailed exploration materials, which requires significant material costs and time, so it is proposed to develop a simplified method of calculating industrial reserves, based on studying the dependence of the industrial reserves size on the depth of the deposit. The use of the method proposed by the authors allows to develop multivariate solutions, both individually and in different deposits. The positive aspect of the methodology is also the minimum amount of initial data: balance sheets and average capacity of the deposit. Methodology. To obtain the dependences of the balance stocks utilization ratio on the average depth of the deposit, the tightness of the connection was previously estimated by the pairwise correlation coefficient (r). Analytical expressions of these dependences were detected using a regression analysis apparatus. 21 peat deposits were selected for the study, which are located in 10 regions of Ukraine. Results. Balance reserves and reserves within development; deposit losses taking into account different options; industrial stocks and utilization of balance stocks were determined during analyzing the types of losses in deposits. To determine the balance reserves of the deposit, the deposit was divided into layers and the area of the deposit was calculated for each of them. Based on the performed calculations, a study of the dependence of the utilization ratio of balance reserves on the average depth of the deposit was conducted. It has been found that balance stocks utilization ratios are closely related to the average depth of the deposit. Thus, for the maximum utilization ratio of balance stocks r = +0.854, and for the minimum r = + 0.932. Analytical expressions of these dependences were detected using a regression analysis apparatus. Practical significance. According to the results of research, the part of each type of losses was determined. The received technique allows: to select raw material base for the enterprise, to minimize quantity of source data (are accepted from available sources), to receive multivariate decisions, simplifies calculations of volumes of industrial stocks. Key words: peat use, peat resources, balance stocks, industrial stocks, technological indicators, stock utilization ratio.

RESEARCH OF CLUSTERIZATION METHODS OF OIL DEPOSITS IN THE DNIPRO-DONETSK DEPRESSION WITH THE PURPOSE OF CREATING THEIR CLASSIFICATION BY METAL CONTENT (ON THE VANADIUM EXAMPLE)

Purpose. Substantiate the method of typification of oil deposits of the Dnipro-Donetsk basin to create their classification by metal content. The relevance of such studies is due to the strengthening of requirements for environmental protection and comprehensive processing of mineral resources, which is determined by a number of Ukraine laws, resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers, as well as the requirements of the State Commission on Mineral reserves to the quality and content of geological materials. Methodology. The factual basis of the work was the results of X-ray fluorescence analyzes of metal content in oils from the deposits of the Dnipro-Donetsk basin. These results were statistically processed with calculations of descriptive statistics and assessment of the peculiarities of the distribution of metal contents in oil from each field to justify the choice and calculation of normalized contents. Given that one of the most effective procedures for simplifying and minimizing the data set to create natural classifications is cluster analysis, to achieve this goal, clustering of oil deposits was carried out by various methods, which are implemented in the most popular professional statistical software platforms “STATISTICA” and “SPSS”. Results. To perform a cluster analysis of metal contents of 36 deposits of the Dnipro-Donetsk basin: Bakhmachsky, Pryluky, Krasnozayarsky, Kachalivsky, Kremenovsky, Karaykozovsky, Korobochkinsky, Kulychikhinsky, Lipovodolinsky, Monastyrychovsky, Marastyrishchevsky, Malostyrishchevsky, Malostyrishchevsky, Malostyrishchevsky, , Raspashnovsky, Sofiyivsky, Sukhodolivsky, Solontsivsky, Solokhivsky, Talalayevsky, Trostyanetsky, Turutynsky, Kharkivtsy, Shchurynsky, Yuryevsky, Yaroshivsky, Khukhryansky, Sagaidatsky №1, Sagaidatsky №13, Kybybitsy, Kyshtsy №5 №56 and Kybytsivsky №1 by different methods, analysis of clustering results and substantiation of selection of the most optimal of them for further development of natural classification of deposits by metal content in oils. Scientific novelty. To establish a weighted centroid method of cluster analysis, as the most optimal for the subject-free researcher division of oil fields by metal content (including vanadium) into taxa. Practical significance. The practical significance of the results of the work is that the constructed dendrograms of clustering of deposits by vanadium content in oils can be used as a basis for developing classifications of these deposits for environmental and technological assessment in the future. The proposed methodological approach can be used in the future to divide other groups of geological objects into natural taxa. Key words: oil fields, X-ray fluorescence analysis, metals, cluster analysis, dendrogram, weighted centroid method.

PECULIARITIES CONDITIONS OF OCCURRENCE AND FORMATION OF DEFORMATION MEZOSTRUCTURES IN THE AREA OF KOBYLETSKA POLYANA VILLAGE (MARMOROSH MASSIF OF EASTERN CARPATHIANS)

Purpose. The aim of the work was to establish the peculiarities of the conditions of occurrence and formation of deformation discontinuous mesostructures on the basis of field geological-structural and tectonophysical studies and microstructural analysis of rock samples. Methodology. The following are used in the work: traditional field geological and structural methods; methods of field tectonophysical research; computer programs «Fabric-8» and «Win-Tensor» for field data processing, construction of roses-diagrams of elements of discontinuous dislocations and reconstruction of paleostress field, mineralogical-petrographic and microstructural methods for studying the composition of rocks and microdeformations in sections. Results. According to the results of research, the systems of discontinuous deformation mesostructures and their correlation with regional discontinuous faults are established. The analysis of tectonic movements and their kinematic types is carried out, reconstruction of fields of paleonstresses is executed and features of changes of their types in different age deposits are established. The forms of manifestations of discontinuous dislocations at the micro level in sections are established. Scientific novelty. Several systems of discontinuous dislocation mesostructures have been established, which correspond to the main systems of regional discontinuous faults. Changes of their kinematic type in time are established for the same systems of discontinuous dislocations. Dislocations of the landslide type are a characteristic feature of the youngest sediments of the study area. Significant changes in the characteristics of paleostress fields on the research area have been established. Practical significance. The established peculiarities of the conditions of occurrence and evolution of discontinuous mesostructures in time allow to clarify the history of formation of the Marmorosh massif. It is established that the areas of intersection of discontinuous dislocations of different systems are the most promising for iron ore. Such areas are characterized by multistage in the development of discontinuous dislocations in time and abrupt changes in the kinematic types of paleostress fields. Key words: shales, limestones, sandstones, discontinuous deformations, landslides, mesostructures, paleostress field.

INFLUENCE OF UNDERMINING ROCK MASS ON THE STATE OF MINE WORKINGS

Purpose. Research of influence of shifts of rocks on a condition of mine workings at their undermining by longwalls. Methods. The study used a computer simulation method. The simulation was performed by simulating the process of rock shift. The initial coordinates of the points of the rock mass turned into the final ones. This allowed to build sections of the rock mass after undermining, which characterized its deformed state, as well as graphs of displacements and deformations in the mine workings. Results. The performed simulation showed that during the movement of the longwall, the mine working (drift), which is undermined, consistently falls into the zone of horizontal deformations of tension, compression and complete displacements. After stopping the longwall, part of the mine working near the boundaries of the displacement area will be constantly in the zones of stretching and compression. It is established that at a distance of 40 m in front of the moving face, the mine working is in the least favorable conditions with maximum vertical compression deformations. Under the given conditions the drift for the most part after completion of clearing works is in a zone of full subsidence. This zone is characterized by the maximum possible subsidence and the absence of deformations. The performed researchers showed that the conditions of undermining of the southern field haulage drift of seam l7 proved to be quite favorable. Shifts and deformations did not cause a significant deterioration in the state of mine working, except for the increase of slopes on the edge sections of the subsidence trough, which makes it difficult to carry out electric locomotive rolling. For any other purpose, after minor repairs, the mine working may continue to operate. Scientific novelty. The study of the process of shear by computer simulation allowed to establish the patterns of shear and deformation during undermining of the mine working. This is the first time for the conditions of the Ukrainian Donbass. Practical significance. The obtained results can be used to predict the condition of mine workings that are undermined during the cleaning works in similar conditions. Key words: undermining overlying mine workings, shifts, deformations, zone of full subsidence, subsidence trough.

RESEARCH OF THE EFFICIENCY OF USING «GEOVIA SURPAC» AND «MINESCHED» WHEN PLANNING MINING WORKS IN IRON QUARRY

Purpose. Investigate and compare monthly mine planning method using Geovia Surpac and MineSched software. Methods. The computerized research method was used to create a scenario of mining operations in Geovia software for planning monthly operations in the open pit of LLC Eristovsky MPP. Results. It was confirmed that the new software make possible to plan the extraction of ore minerals for a certain period, with the possibility of uniform supply of the concentration plant with ore minerals of the required quality. Also, it became possible to analyze in detail the extraction of minerals from the contours of the open pit and clear production control in the working contours. Scientific novelty. The dependences of the given productivity of mining equipment on the parameters of the mining system elements were established using the MineSched software. The effectiveness of determining the quality of mining minerals is established, when planning for a longer period of time using computer programs in comparison with the old method. The economic benefits of using new software with broader functionality are determined. Practical significance. A new method of planning the ore mass extraction is proposed, which made it possible to supply minerals from the pit with average quality indicators. This contributed to a more efficient product enrichment, which in turn reduced production costs. Also by the new software it was possible to reduce the time for planning mining operations, which led to a decrease in working time to complete the task and, accordingly, reduced the cost of computing operations. Keywords: pit, geological block model, monthly mining plan, Surpac software, Minesched software, batch plan.

TO THE QUESTION OF ONLINE MONITORING OF METAL CONTENT IN ORE SHIPPED BY MINES TO PROCESSING FACTORIES OF KAZAKHMYS CORPORATION LLC

Purpose.Creating an effective system of online monitoring of ores sent to processing plants, focused not only on the profile element (copper), but also on related (silver, cadmium, molybdenum, arsenic) elements (the need to determine the content of silver and cadmium from 1+ ppm). Creating a procedure for the objective distribution of drain metal between mines. Methods. Study of the influence of numerous interfering factors on the test results of ores on the canvas of technological conveyors of concentrators of Kazakhmys Corporation LLC by X-ray fluorescence method (RFM) became EDXRF RKS RLP-21T determination of low content of silver and cadmium (1 + .ppm). The study was conducted in three stages. At the first stage, the following methods were developed: RKS calibration method, RKS measurement procedure, variable ore-RKS clearance method, RKS – Client ZhZF-1,2 system software for registration and display of RKS content data online. elements and the amount of metal in the railway warehouses of ore from mines and quarries and put into operation three RKS RLP-21T on ZHZF-1 2. In the second stage, four RKS RLP-21T were launched (BZF, KZF, NPR). At the third stage, RKS was launched at ZHZF-1.Аnd the basic principle was used in the research: the deposits are different – the RKS calibration method is the same for everyone. Results. The choice of X-ray fluorescent energy dispersion (EDXRF) ore control station (EDC) for online monitoring of metal content in ores on the canvases of technological conveyors of concentrators at ores size class -300 mm is substantiated. Scientific novelty. For the first time in Kazakhstan, on the scale of a huge mining enterprise Kazakhmys Corporation LLP, in practice, the task of online monitoring of the contents of the main (Cu, Pb, Zn) and accompanying (Ag, Cd, Mo) elements at low (1+ ppm) contents of silver, cadmium and 15+ ppm of molybdenum with an ore size of -300mm. For the first time in world practice, it has been proven that EDXRF RKS can provide online monitoring of complex composition copper-containing polymetallic ores for the content of not only basic, but also accompanying (silver, cadmium) components. For the first time in Kazakhstan on the scale of a huge mining enterprise LLC “Kazakhmys Corporation” in practice solved the problem of online monitoring of the content of basic (Cu, Pb, Zn) and related (Ag, Cd, Mo) elements at low contents of silver, cadmium (1+ ppm ) and molybdenum content (15+ ppm) at ore size -300mm. For the first time in world practice, it has been proven that EDXRF RKS can provide online monitoring of polymetallic ores containing copper for the content of not only basic but also related (silver, cadmium) components. Practical significance. Eight RKS RLP-21Ts were put into production. VTK wagon test points on cone crushers KKD 800/160 KD-1 ZHZF-1, KKD 1500/180 KD-2 ZHZF-1, KKD 1500/180 BZF were liquidated. The procedure of objective distribution of drain metal between mines has been established. Keywords: X-ray fluorescent energy dispersive method, ore control station, input process conveyors of concentration plants, online monitoring of the content of elements in ores.

EVALUATION OF STABILITY OF ROLLING STRAPS OF STEEL COAL LAYERS WITH THE WAY OF PROTECTION BY WOODEN FIRE

Purpose. To evaluate the impact of overburden protection structures, in the form of wooden fires, on the stability of lateral rocks in the coal massif and the operational condition of the preparatory workings on the excavation section of the coal mine, which develops layers of steep fall. Methods. An integrated approach was used as a research method, which included conducting a mine experiment, equivalent modeling and interpretation of the obtained results. Results. The stability of retractable drifts on excavation sections was evaluated by the amount of convergence of the side rocks on the production contour, taking into account the deformation characteristics of the protection structures. During the full-scale experiment, when the change in the distance between the benchmarks on the contour of the retractable lane in the area affected by the cleaning works was recorded, the largest displacements of the side rocks were recorded from the roof. At a distance of l≥60 m behind the treatment face, the relative deformation of the protection structures reached ε = 0.5-0.6. After that, the increase in roof displacements was limited, and the superstructure supporting structures operated in the mode of increasing resistance. During laboratory research, in the process of compressing models of wooden fires and rolling fires from sleepers, their deformation characteristics were established. At uniaxial compression of models there was a consolidation of experimental samples. With an increase in the compressive force and relative deformation of the experimental samples, a simultaneous change in the modulus of deformation and stiffness of the simulated security structures by quadratic dependence was recorded. Scientific novelty. It is experimentally proved that in the zone of influence of treatment works the convergence of lateral rocks on the contour of the retractable road of the steep coal seam under protection by wooden fires along the length of the excavation section is limited after compression of security structures by 50-60% due to their compaction. the layout of the elements and their number, determine its rigidity. Practical significance. To ensure the stability of retractable drifts on mines that develop steep fall layers, it is necessary to focus on the use of flexible protective structures located above the drift and performing the function of load-bearing supports, which by changing the deformation characteristics provide smooth deflection of lateral rocks in the coal massif. Keywords: steep fall of coal seams, haulage gate, side rocks, security structure, deformation characteristics, rigidity.

ASSESSMENT OF STABILITY OF THE ROOF IN THE CARBON ART, WHICH CONTAINS PRODUCTS DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF HARD COAL LAYERS

Purpose. Estimation of stability of a roof of a steep coal seam in the coal massif for maintenance of an operational condition of mine workings. Methods. To achieve this goal, analytical studies were performed using the basic principles of classical mechanics, the theory of elasticity and resistance of materials, when the roof of the coal seam was studied in the form of a model of a beam with a support. Results. As a result of the performed researches it is established that for an inclined single-girder beam with supports, at any regularity of distribution of loading on a surface the maximum deflection around the middle of span within (0,48 – 0,579) length of a beam is fixed. The value of the maximum deflection of the deformed load-bearing element depends on the angle of inclination and the ratio of the linear dimensions of the simulated beam. The curved axis is not perfectly symmetrical about the middle of the beam. The deviation from the symmetry depends on the linear dimensions of the model, the angle of inclination and is determined by the direction of the vector of total displacement of the beam. The deviation from the symmetry depends on the linear dimensions of the model, the angle of inclination and is determined by the direction of the vector of total displacement of the beam. The area in which the loss of stability of the load-bearing element is possible, occupies about 10% of the length of the inclined beam. In the presence of an asymmetrical deflection, to avoid loss of stability of the model, the placement of the system of supporting supports is advisable in this area of the beam. Scientific novelty. For the roof of a steep coal seam in its modeling in the form of an inclined single-girder beam with supports, when the external load is distributed on the surface naturally, the direction of the vector of complete displacement of the loaded model determines the contour of the curved axis of the deformed load-bearing element. Practical significance. The stability of the lateral rocks of the steep coal seam, which determines the operational condition of the mine workings in the coal massif, is provided by a system of supporting supports, the deformation characteristics of which are determined by the predicted deflection of the roof in the produced space. Keywords: stability, lateral rocks, coal massif, mining, deflection, supporting support.

PECULIARITIES OF MODERN GAS MIGRATION IN THE COAL COAL-ROCK MASSIFS OF THE DONETS BASIN

Purpose. Investigate the change in indicators of qualitative and quantitative gas composition in coal massifs,when the state of the coal rock massif changes, including in gas-dynamic situations. Methodology. The paper uses traditional structural-geological methods, generalization methods and developed and patented by the authors of the method for determining the gas state of coal massifs on the basis of gas chromatography. Results. The change of the residual gas component in coal massifs is investigated.The stages of change of qualitative and quantitative gas composition in coal massifs at gas – dynamic phenomena are established.The ways of gas migration in coal massifs and technogenic reservoirs are determined.The concept of rate gas saturation of a coal massif, which is controlled by the action of discontinuous tectonics, is introduced. Scientific novelty.For the first time, the conditions for the formation of modern gas-saturated zones in coal massifs due to gas migration and rate gas saturation have been determined.The influence of discontinuous tectonic disturbances on the migration and accumulation of gases in coal massifs has been established. Practical significance. The influence of gas migration on the formation of gas-saturated zones in coal-bearing massifs and man-caused reservoirs of the spent space of operating mines is established,which is important to ensure the safe operation of coal mining enterprises and degassing of coal massifs. Key words: gas-bearing, gas migration, tectonic disturbances, coal massif, man-caused collectors, Donets basin.