Penetapan Daftar Pemilih Oleh Komisi Pemilihan Umum Sebagai Wujud Penguatan Sistem Demokrasi

Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Umum (Pemilu) secara umum diatur dalam pasal 22E UUD 1945. Pemilu menjadi tolak ukur terhadap demokratisasi yang bermartabat dan sebagai salah satu sarana penyalur hak asasi warga negara yang sangat prinsipil. Hak memilih sebagai hak asasi manusia merupakan bagian penting dari prinsip kedaulatan rakyat yang tercermin dalam prinsip demokrasi dan menjadi landasan utama dalam bernegara yang dituangkan dalam konstitusi. Tujuan utama peletakan kedaulatan rakyat adalah penghargaan dan penilaian terhadap hak rakyat untuk memilih dan menentukan arah kehidupan bernegara dengan tujuan menjamin kesejahteraan bersama. Penetapan Daftar Pemilih Tetap (DPT) yang dilaksanakan olek Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) merupakan bagian dari serangkaian sistem pemilu yan memiliki posisi penting dalam pelaksaan Pemilu. Dimana kewenangan KPU diatas dipertegas dalam Undang-Undang Pemilu UU N0 7 Tahun 2017.

Implementation of Pancasila Values in Civil Society Participation Against Covid-19

Covid-19 pandemic significantly affects the community’s social life. It does not only result in a health crisis but also an economic crisis. This condition requires a collaboration between the governments and the community as national integration. Recent political situation exhibits a decrease in the tense relationship between the state and the civil society. A transformation is necessary to compromise. Accordingly, the state and civil society should cooperate, help each other, and control each other. Pancasila, as an open ideology, should be implemented as a national life guideline to obtain the state goals amid this pandemic.

Implikasi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Upaya Aplikasi Anggaran 20% Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Nasional

Amandemen atau Perubahan ketiga Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 telah melahirkan lembaga Mahkamah Konstitusi yang bertugas sebagai pelindung atas pelaksanaan amanat konstitusi dan menjamin terlaksananya hak konstitusional bagi setiap warga negara Indonesia. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi bersifat final dan mengikat sehingga seharusnya dapat berlaku juga secara konsisten terhadap permasalahan yang sama. Sementara itu, jika Mahkamah Konstitusi adalah sebagai the guardian of contitution, di sisi lain Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 adalah sebuah konstitusi negara Indonesia yang harus dijaga dan dijamin pelaksanaannya oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi. Dalam upaya menunjang pendidikan yang bermutu, pemerintah mengalokasikan anggaran minimal pendidikan sebesar 20% dari Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Negara dan Daerah sebagaimana termaktub dalam UUD 1945. Namun sayangnya anggaran pendidikan sebesar 20% pada Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN) dan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) hanya formalitas. Sementara itu, sejak tahun 2005 Mahkamah Konstitusi pernah memutus beberapa pengujian terkait anggaran minimal pendidikan. Diantaranya Mahkamah Konstitusi membatalkan dan menjadikan ketentuan ‘bertahap’ menjadi tidak berlaku. Tetapi diwaktu yang sama, Mahkamah Konstitusi juga memutus tidak dapat menerima (niet ontvankelijk verklaard) pengujian Undang-Undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2004 yang belum menerapkan anggaran pendidikan minimal 20% pada APBN 2005. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif didapati bahwa pertimbangan dan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi turut mempengaruhi upaya mewujudkan anggaran minimal 20% bagi pendidikan. Hingga saat ini menurut Neraca Pendidikan Daerah yang diterbitkan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemendikbud), masih banyak Kota dan Kabupaten yang mengalokasikan kurang dari 10 persen APBD untuk pendidikan. Third Amendment of the Constitution 1945 of the Republic of Indonesia has established a Constitutional Court which asks for protection of the implementation of the mandate of the constitution and guarantees the implementation of constitutional rights for every Indonesian citizen. His verdict against the end and binding can finally be applied also against the end of the same. Meanwhile, if the Constitutional Court is the guardian of the constitution, on the other hand the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is the constitution of the Indonesian state which must be safeguarded and approved by the Constitutional Court. To support education, the government allocates a minimum education budget 20% of the State and regional Budget. However, the education budget of 20% of the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN) and the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) are only formalities. Meanwhile, since 2005 the Constitutional Court has decided on several trials related to the minimum education budget. Among them, the Constitutional Court canceled and made the 'gradual' provision invalid. But at the same time, the Constitutional Court also decided that it could not accept (niet ontvankelijk verklaard) the review of Law Number 26 of 2004 which had not implemented a minimum education budget of 20% in the 2005 State Budget. By using the normative legal research method, found that the considerations and decisions of the Constitutional Court also influence efforts to realize a minimum budget of 20% for education. Until now, there are still many Cities and Regencies that allocate less than 10 percent of the APBD for education.

Musyawarah dan Mufakat Sebagai Solusi Pemanfaatan Tanah Fasilitas Umum Masyarakat

Utilization of land for public facilities is the ideals of the constitution as stated that "to be used for the greatest prosperity of the people" and "land to function socially" based on Law No. 5/1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Regulations. The use of land for the public facilities does not give priority rights to a party or individual. Collective use within the community must be addressed wisely and proportionally in its use. A public road that is regarded as a public facility, no one can claim to be entitled to a road because it borders or is close to the land or occupancy. With the closed access to the use and benefitting of roads as the public facilities, it is difficult to determine the violation of the law committed. There is a Provincial Regulation which regulates the prohibition of parking on the roads, but this prohibition is not well-regulated in other regions with its legal products. Disregarding in the community to the road users as public facilities, can become a social problem and must be resolved with a consensus reflecting the Pancasila as the life point of view. Deliberation and consensus is a solution to solving problems by involving Village Traditional Institutions or similar names based on regionalism. Deliberation and consensus as a solution to the use of land for public facilities, can produce decisions in village deliberations. The Village Customary Institution as a partner to the Village Government can propose the joint use of community public facilities to be regulated in a Village Regulation. Normative legal research is the method used in this study. There is no violation of legal rules in the unwise use of public facilities, making this community problem must be resolved by the community itself by prioritizing the value of the Pancasila and after that it can be elaborated in the simplest rules in the Village Regulation.

Civil Society Against Anti-Pancasila Movements Among Millenial Generation During The Covid-19 Pandemic

One of the interesting discourses of the decade concerns the discourse against the anti-Pancasila movement. Although the Indonesian government has issued several programs to internalize Pancasila values among the youth generations, citizens are also responsible for protecting the state’s ideology. Accordingly, civil society, as an organized citizen, should catalyze anti-Pancasila movements. Covid-19 pandemic does not only threaten the health sector, but also threatens social activities. Regarding the latter, civil society activists are demanded to adjust to conditions to optimize their function as one of the social infrastructures of a community. Applying, descriptive qualitative approach, the present study aims to see the civil society movements against anti-Pancasila movements during the covid-19 pandemic. The study revealed that civil society is still consistent with its organization despite the dynamics of the implementation.