Factors Affecting Surface Quality of Ingot Produced by Electroslag Continuous Casting with Liquid Metal

Structured light 3D measurement technology with its simple structure, non-contact measurement, fast measurement speed and other advantages, has been widely used. Steel plate surface quality detection is not confined to the two-dimensional feature of gray detection, and local topography measurement for surface quality of steel plate detection becomes increasingly important. In this paper, steel plate surface 3D detection method based on structured light and the factors affecting the measurement accuracy are analyzed. Several effective methods of improving 3D detection accuracy are put forward. Compared with the traditional structured light 3D detection methods, the detection accuracy of new methods is remarkably improved, thus possessing better application values.

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External Surface Quality of the Graphite Crystallizer as a Factor Influencing the Temperature of the Continuous Casting Process of ETP Grade Copper

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14216309 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (21) ◽

pp. 6309

Author(s):

Paweł Kwaśniewski ◽

Paweł Strzępek ◽

Grzegorz Kiesiewicz ◽

Szymon Kordaszewski ◽

Krystian Franczak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Continuous Casting ◽

Surface Quality ◽

External Surface ◽

Cooling System ◽

Casting Process ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Wire Drawing ◽

Roughness Coefficient ◽

Continuous Casting Process

Today’s world is a place where lack of electrical energy would be unimaginable for most of society. All the conductors in the world, both aluminum and copper, have their origin in various types of casting lines where the liquid metal after crystallization is being processed into the form of wires and microwires. However, the efficiency of the continuous casting processes of metals and the final quality of the manufactured product strictly depend on the design of the used crystallizers, the materials used during its production and its quality. Research conducted in this paper focuses on the latter, i.e., external surface quality of the graphite crystallizer at the place of contact with the primary cooling system. In order to quantify its influence on the continuous casting process numerical analyses using the finite element method has been conducted, which results have been further confirmed during empirical tests in laboratory conditions. It has been proven with all of the proposed methods that the temperature of the obtained cast rod is closely linked to the aforementioned surface quality, as when its roughness coefficient surpasses a certain value the temperature of the obtained product increases almost twofold from approx. 150–170 °C to 300–320 °C. These values might influence the quality and final properties of the cast rod, the susceptibility to wire drawing process and possible formation of wire drawing defects and therefore be of much importance to the casting and processing industry.

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Scale Formation on HSLA Steel during Continuous Casting Part I: The Effect of Temperature–Time on Oxidation Kinetics

Metals ◽

10.3390/met10091243 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1243 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rosa Maria Pineda Huitron ◽

Pavel Ernesto Ramírez López ◽

Esa Vuorinen ◽

Pooria Nazen Jalali ◽

Leonardo Pelcastre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Vapor ◽

Continuous Casting ◽

Oxide Scale ◽

Surface Quality ◽

Hsla Steel ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Dry Air ◽

Oxidation Rates ◽

Steel Slabs

The findings in this work enhance the understanding of oxidation mechanisms and scale growth at high temperatures of a high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel for improving surface quality during continuous casting. The oxidation phenomenon was investigated under dry air and water vapor atmospheres by heating specimens at 1000, 1100, and 1200 °C at different holding times. Temperature and time had great effects on the kinetics, where faster (i.e., parabolic) oxidation rates were present under water vapor when compared with the dry air condition. Temperature strongly influenced the number of defects, such as pores, voids, gaps and micro-cracks, formed in the oxide scale. A phase analysis confirmed the presence of FeO as the first phase formed at the steel surface, Fe3O4 as the middle and thicker phase, and Fe2O3 as the last phase formed in the oxide/air interface. The micromechanics of the oxides demonstrated that a combination of phases with high (wüstite) and low plasticity (magnetite and hematite) could also have been the reason for the uneven cooling during Continuous Casting (CC) that resulted in the undesired surface quality of the steel slabs. This work gives a good look at the oxide scale effect on the surface quality of steel slabs through an understanding the kinetics during oxidation.

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Continuous Casting and Rolling Technology at MKM Mansfelder Kupfer und Messing GmbH – Optimisation of the Surface Quality for Conti-M® Strip

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.854.255 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 854 ◽

pp. 255-259

Author(s):

Klaus Dieter Palm ◽

Hendrik Busch ◽

Axel Dusdorf

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Continuous Casting ◽

Surface Quality ◽

Rolling Process ◽

Process Control System ◽

Quality Development ◽

The Impact ◽

Rolling Technology ◽

Process Product

Using Conti-M® which is a globally unique technology for producing cast-rolled copper strips, MKM has been able to link and optimise the continuous casting and rolling process together with the surface quality of milled strips. The last 15 years have seen many targeted projects for process, product and quality development. In this article, the process related challenges to optimise the surface quality of casting strip will be highlighted. We will present a process control system and the impact it had in the optimisation of the surface quality.

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Investigation on the relationship between bending angle of the overhanging surface and overhanging surface quality printed using selective laser melting

Rapid Prototyping Journal ◽

10.1108/rpj-10-2020-0260 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Weipeng Duan ◽

Jitai Han ◽

Qingfneg Xia ◽

Keqing Wang ◽

Meiping Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Quality ◽

Molten Pool ◽

Bending Angle ◽

Content Type ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Overall Performance ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

The Relationship ◽

Bending Angles

Purpose With the increasing demand for lightweight parts, the quality of the inner structure gained growing attention from different kinds of fields. As the quality of the overhanging surface was one of the most important factors affecting inner structure formation, its quality still needs to improve. This paper aims to clarify the change of the overhanging surface quality caused by different bending angles. Design/methodology/approach The structure of the inner hole was redesigned according to the different performances of the overhanging and side inner surface. The experimental results revealed why different surface qualities can be seen under different bending angles. According to the experimental data, the inner structure was redesigned to increase its overall performance. Findings The results revealed that when the bending angle was small, the slope of the overhanging surface increased which lead to the decreasing length of the powder-supported layer. However, less space on bending angle resulted in the accumulation of unmelted powder which leads to the increasing of sinking distance. When the bending angle was too large, the slope of the overhanging surface decreased and the length of the molten pool which was supported by powder increased. It resulted in the sinking of the molten pool caused by the gravity of powder and its attachment. Originality/value This paper is the first work to study the relationship between bending angle and overhanging surface quality as far as the authors know. The different performances of left and right overhanging surfaces also have not been revealed in other research studies to the best of the knowledge.

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Factors affecting the surface quality of the ground WC-Co alloy

Materials Science ◽

10.1007/s11003-007-0031-2 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 275-281

Author(s):

S. Zaborski ◽

E. Lunarska

Keyword(s):

Surface Quality ◽

Factors Affecting

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A Study of Factors Affecting Surface Quality in Ultra-Precision Raster Milling

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.339.400 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 339 ◽

pp. 400-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M.N. Cheng ◽

Chi Fai Cheung ◽

Wing Bun Lee ◽

Sandy To

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Surface Quality ◽

Dynamic Characteristics ◽

Diamond Turning ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Cutting Geometry ◽

Milled Surface ◽

Ultra Precision ◽

Process Factors

Ultra-precision raster milling is an emerging manufacturing technology for the fabrication of high precision and high quality components with a surface roughness of less than 10 nm and a form error of less than 0.2 μm without the need for any subsequent post polishing. Surface quality of a raster milled surface is affected by process factors and material factors, respectively. The process factors involve cutting conditions, cutting strategies, and relative vibration between the tool and the workpiece which are related to the cutting geometry and the dynamic characteristics of the cutting process. The material factors considered are material property and swelling of the work materials. Due to different cutting mechanics, the process factors affecting the surface quality are more complicated, as compared with ultra-precision diamond turning, such as swing distance and step distance. This paper presents an experimental investigation of the distinctive process factors affecting the surface roughness in ultra-precision multi-axis raster milling. Experimental results indicate that the influence due to the process factors can be minimized through a proper selection of operational settings and better control of dynamic characteristics of the machine.

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Construction of Nonsinusoidal Oscillation Waveform Function and Technological Parameters for Continuous Casting Mold

Complexity ◽

10.1155/2020/4165689 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Chao Zhou ◽

Xingzhong Zhang ◽

Fang Wang ◽

Subo Ren

Keyword(s):

Continuous Casting ◽

Surface Quality ◽

Sinusoidal Oscillation ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Continuous Casting Mold ◽

Synchronous Control ◽

Limit Value ◽

Steel Continuous Casting ◽

The Impact

Nonsinusoidal oscillation techniques can shorten the negative strip time and improve the slab surface quality in the process of steel continuous casting. But the acceleration of nonsinusoidal oscillation is higher than that of the sinusoidal oscillation. So it is easy to result in the impact for the mold movement. To solve this problem, a nonsinusoidal oscillation waveform function of mold was constructed, which had good dynamic characteristics. And the smaller acceleration can reduce the impact of the oscillator. By analyzing the parameters of oscillation technology, the calculation method of each oscillation technological parameter for seven section functions was presented and the multitechnological parameter curves were given. Based on the technological parameters of sinusoidal oscillation, a synchronous control model of nonsinusoidal oscillation was determined. The results show that the parameters can satisfy the limit value in theory, which can enhance the casting speed, surface quality of slab, and provide reference for further practice in industry.

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