Foodborne Invasive Infections

The aim of the present study was to characterize the antibiotic resistance profile of enterobacteriaceae strains isolated in Infectious Diseases Hospital Galati, Romania, during 2016, in order to guide the local antibiotic stewardship strategy. There are 597 biological samples with positive cultures for enterobacteriaceae, related to invasive and non-invasive infections. The main bacterial genus were E. coli 62%, Klebsiella spp 15%, Proteus spp 11% and Salmonella spp 6%. Over a half of isolated strains have one or more antibiotic resistance. The resistance level depends on bacterial genus, with highest level found among the rare isolates: Enterobacter spp, Citrobacter spp, Morganella spp and Serratia spp. The rate of MDR was 17.,6% for E. coli, 40.9% for Klebsiella spp and 50.7% for Proteus spp. while the rate of strains producing Extended Spectrum of Beta Lactamase are 7.2% for E. coli, 28.4% for Klebsiella spp and 12.3% for Proteus spp. The carbapenem resistant strains were found in 1.1% cases.

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Inactivation of Bacteria Using Bioactive Nanoparticles and Alternating Magnetic Fields

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11020342 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 342

Author(s):

Vitalij Novickij ◽

Ramunė Stanevičienė ◽

Rūta Gruškienė ◽

Kazimieras Badokas ◽

Juliana Lukša ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Foodborne Pathogens ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Foodborne Pathogen ◽

Cellular Damage ◽

Suitable Model ◽

Log Reduction ◽

Invasive Infections ◽

Alternating Magnetic Fields ◽

Inactivation Of Bacteria

Foodborne pathogens are frequently associated with risks and outbreaks of many diseases; therefore, food safety and processing remain a priority to control and minimize these risks. In this work, nisin-loaded magnetic nanoparticles were used and activated by alternating 10 and 125 mT (peak to peak) magnetic fields (AMFs) for biocontrol of bacteria Listeria innocua, a suitable model to study the inactivation of common foodborne pathogen L. monocytogenes. It was shown that L. innocua features high resistance to nisin-based bioactive nanoparticles, however, application of AMFs (15 and 30 min exposure) significantly potentiates the treatment resulting in considerable log reduction of viable cells. The morphological changes and the resulting cellular damage, which was induced by the synergistic treatment, was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy. The thermal effects were also estimated in the study. The results are useful for the development of new methods for treatment of the drug-resistant foodborne pathogens to minimize the risks of invasive infections. The proposed methodology is a contactless alternative to the currently established pulsed-electric field-based treatment in food processing.

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Plasmodium vivax and Neisseria meningitidis co-infection in a newborn

Tropical Doctor ◽

10.1177/00494755211017419 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 004947552110174

Author(s):

Karen Melissa Ordoñez Díaz ◽

Juan José Gutiérrez Paternina

Keyword(s):

Neisseria Meningitidis ◽

Plasmodium Vivax ◽

Indigenous Population ◽

Age Group ◽

Invasive Infections

Invasive infections due to Neisseria meningitidis in Colombia are unusual in newborns, in contrast to infections due to Plasmodium vivax which is one of the main pathogens related to the presentation of fever in this age group, especially in the indigenous population. We report a case of co-infection of these two microorganisms in a child.

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Bugs That Can Resist Antibiotics but Not Men: Gender-Specific Differences in Notified Infections and Colonisations in Germany, 2010–2019

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9050894 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 894

Author(s):

Michael Brandl ◽

Alexandra Hoffmann ◽

Niklas Willrich ◽

Annicka Reuss ◽

Felix Reichert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Federal State ◽

German Population ◽

Hygiene Measures ◽

Invasive Infections ◽

Gender Specific Differences ◽

Acinetobacter Spp ◽

Notification Data ◽

Gender Specific

Data from surveillance networks show that men have a higher incidence rate of infections with anti-microbial-resistant (AMR) pathogens than women. We systematically analysed data of infections and colonisations with AMR pathogens under mandatory surveillance in Germany to quantify gender-specific differences. We calculated incidence-rates (IR) per 100,000 person–years for invasive infections with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and for infections or colonisations with carbapenem-non-susceptible Acinetobacter spp. (CRA), and Enterobacterales (CRE), using the entire German population as a denominator. We limited the study periods to years with complete notification data (MRSA: 2010–2019, CRA/CRE: 2017–2019). We used Poisson regression to adjust for gender, age group, federal state, and year of notification. In the study periods, IR for all notifications were 4.2 for MRSA, 0.90 for CRA, and 4.8 for CRE per 100,000 person-–years. The adjusted IR ratio for infections of men compared to women was 2.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.2–2.3) for MRSA, 2.2 (95%CI: 1.9–2.7) for CRA, and 1.7 (95%CI: 1.6–1.8) for CRE. Men in Germany show about double the risk for infection with AMR pathogens than women. This was also true for colonisations, where data were available. Screening procedures and associated hygiene measures may profit from a gender-stratified approach.

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Invasive infections with Purpureocillium lilacinum: clinical characteristics and outcome of 101 cases from FungiScope® and the literature

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy ◽

10.1093/jac/dkab039 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rosanne Sprute ◽

Jon Salmanton-García ◽

Ertan Sal ◽

Xhorxha Malaj ◽

Zdeněk Ráčil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amphotericin B ◽

Organ Transplant ◽

Solid Organ ◽

Intrinsic Resistance ◽

Breakthrough Infection ◽

Purpureocillium Lilacinum ◽

Invasive Infections ◽

Oncological Diseases ◽

Overall Mortality

Abstract Objectives To provide a basis for clinical management decisions in Purpureocillium lilacinum infection. Methods Unpublished cases of invasive P. lilacinum infection from the FungiScope® registry and all cases reported in the literature were analysed. Results We identified 101 cases with invasive P. lilacinum infection. Main predisposing factors were haematological and oncological diseases in 31 cases (30.7%), steroid treatment in 27 cases (26.7%), solid organ transplant in 26 cases (25.7%), and diabetes mellitus in 19 cases (18.8%). The most prevalent infection sites were skin (n = 37/101, 36.6%) and lungs (n = 26/101, 25.7%). Dissemination occurred in 22 cases (21.8%). Pain and fever were the most frequent symptoms (n = 40/101, 39.6% and n = 34/101, 33.7%, respectively). Diagnosis was established by culture in 98 cases (97.0%). P. lilacinum caused breakthrough infection in 10 patients (9.9%). Clinical isolates were frequently resistant to amphotericin B, whereas posaconazole and voriconazole showed good in vitro activity. Susceptibility to echinocandins varied considerably. Systemic antifungal treatment was administered in 90 patients (89.1%). Frequently employed antifungals were voriconazole in 51 (56.7%) and itraconazole in 26 patients (28.9%). Amphotericin B treatment was significantly associated with high mortality rates (n = 13/33, 39.4%, P = <0.001). Overall mortality was 21.8% (n = 22/101) and death was attributed to P. lilacinum infection in 45.5% (n = 10/22). Conclusions P. lilacinum mainly presents as soft-tissue, pulmonary or disseminated infection in immunocompromised patients. Owing to intrinsic resistance, accurate species identification and susceptibility testing are vital. Outcome is better in patients treated with triazoles compared with amphotericin B formulations.

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Trends in molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of group B streptococci: a multicenter study in Serbia, 2015–2020

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-79354-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dusan Kekic ◽

Ina Gajic ◽

Natasa Opavski ◽

Milan Kojic ◽

Goran Vukotic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Late Onset ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Neonatal Morbidity ◽

Disease Rate ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Group B Streptococci ◽

Live Births ◽

Invasive Infections ◽

Group B

AbstractGroup B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Serbia has not fully implemented preventive measures against GBS neonatal diseases. Therefore, we aimed to assess the maternal GBS colonisation and invasive neonatal disease rate, to reveal the trends of antimicrobial resistance and serotype distribution of GBS from various patient groups. Randomly selected non-invasive (n = 991) and all invasive GBS (n = 80) collected throughout Serbia from 2015 to 2020 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, capsular typing, and hvgA detection. Overall, 877/5621 (15.6%) pregnant women were colonised with GBS. Invasive GBS infections incidence in infants (0.18/1000 live births) showed a decreasing trend (0.3 to 0.1/1000 live births). Type III was overrepresented in infants with invasive infections (n = 35, 58.3%), whereas type V predominated among colonised adults (n = 224, 25.5%) and those with noninvasive (n = 37, 32.5%) and invasive infections (n = 8, 40%). The hypervirulent clone III/ST17 was highly associated with invasive infections (n = 28, 35%), particularly late-onset disease (n = 9, 47.4%), showing an increase from 12.3 to 14.8%. The GBS resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was 26.7% and 22.1%, respectively, with an upward trend. The emergence of the hypervirulent clone III/ST17 and the escalation in GBS resistance highlight an urgent need for continuous monitoring of GBS infections.

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