Life expectancy, standardized mortality ratios, and causes of death in six rheumatic diseases in Hong Kong, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1182-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Mok ◽  
C. L. Kwok ◽  
L. Y. Ho ◽  
P. T. Chan ◽  
S. F. Yip
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratios

scholarly journals Cause of Death After Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: SWEDEHEART Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Glaser ◽  
Michael Persson ◽  
Anders Franco‐Cereceda ◽  
Ulrik Sartipy
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
General Population ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratios

Background Prior studies showed that life expectancy in patients who underwent surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) was lower than in the general population. Explanations for this shorter life expectancy are unknown. The aim of this nationwide, observational cohort study was to investigate the cause‐specific death following surgical AVR. Methods and Results We included 33 018 patients who underwent primary surgical AVR in Sweden between 1997 and 2018, with or without coronary artery bypass grafting. The SWEDEHEART (Swedish Web‐System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence‐Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies) register and other national health‐data registers were used to obtain and characterize the study cohort and to identify causes of death, categorized as cardiovascular mortality, cancer mortality, or other causes of death. The relative risks for cause‐specific mortality in patients who underwent AVR compared with the general population are presented as standardized mortality ratios. During a mean follow‐up period of 7.3 years (maximum 22.0 years), 14 237 (43%) patients died. The cumulative incidence of death from cardiovascular, cancer‐related, or other causes was 23.5%, 8.3%, and 11.6%, respectively, at 10 years, and 42.8%, 12.8%, and 23.8%, respectively, at 20 years. Standardized mortality ratios for cardiovascular, cancer‐related, and other causes of death were 1.79 (95% CI, 1.75–1.83), 1.00 (95% CI, 0.97–1.04), and 1.08 (95% CI, 1.05–1.12), respectively. Conclusions We found that life expectancy following AVR was lower than in the general population. Lower survival after AVR was explained by an increased relative risk of cardiovascular death. Future studies should focus on the role of earlier surgery in patients with asymptomatic aortic stenosis and on optimizing treatment and follow‐up after AVR. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT02276950.

scholarly journals Mortality in Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases: Lithuanian National Registry Data and Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12338
Author(s):  
Jolanta Dadonienė ◽  
Greta Charukevič ◽  
Gabija Jasionytė ◽  
Karolina Staškuvienė ◽  
Dalia Miltinienė
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratio ◽  
Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Total Cohort

Despite significant improvement in survival, rheumatic diseases (RD) are associated with premature mortality rates comparable to cardiovascular and neoplastic disorders. The aim of our study was to assess mortality, causes of death, and life expectancy in an inflammatory RD retrospective cohort and compare those with the general population as well as with the results of previously published studies in a systematic literature review. Patients with the first-time diagnosis of inflammatory RD during 2012–2019 were identified and cross-checked for their vital status and the date of death. Sex- and age-standardized mortality ratios (SMR) as well as life expectancy for patients with inflammatory RDs were calculated. The results of a systematic literature review were included in meta-standardized mortality ratio calculations. 11,636 patients with newly diagnosed RD were identified. During a total of 43,064.34 person-years of follow-up, 950 death cases occurred. The prevailing causes of death for the total cohort were cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. The age- and sex-adjusted SMR for the total cohort was calculated to be 1.32 (1.23; 1.40). Patients with rheumatoid arthritis if diagnosed at age 18–19 tend to live for 1.63 years less than the general population, patients with spondyloarthritis—for 2.7 years less, patients with connective tissue diseases—for almost nine years less than the general population. The findings of our study support the hypothesis that patients with RD have a higher risk of mortality and lower life expectancy than the general population.

scholarly journals The decomposition of life expectancy for age and cause of death in Tuscany, Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Nante ◽  
L Kundisova ◽  
F Gori ◽  
A Martini ◽  
F Battisti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Reduction Of Mortality ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Changing of life expectancy at birth (LE) over time reflects variations of mortality rates of a certain population. Italy is amongst the countries with the highest LE, Tuscany ranks fifth at the national level. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the impact of various causes of death in different age groups on the change in LE in the Tuscany region (Italy) during period 1987-2015. Material and methods Mortality data relative to residents that died during the period between 1987/1989 and 2013/2015 were provided by the Tuscan Regional Mortality Registry. The causes of death taken into consideration were cardiovascular (CVS), respiratory (RESP) and infective (INF) diseases and cancer (TUM). The decomposition of LE gain was realized with software Epidat, using the Pollard’s method. Results The overall LE gain during the period between two three-years periods was 6.7 years for males, with a major gain between 65-89, and 4.5 years for females, mainly improved between 75-89, <1 year for both sexes. The major gain (2.6 years) was attributable to the reduction of mortality for CVS, followed by TUM (1.76 in males and 0.83 in females) and RESP (0.4 in males; 0.1 in females). The major loss of years of LE was attributable to INF (-0.15 in females; -0.07 in males) and lung cancer in females (-0.13), for which the opposite result was observed for males (gain of 0.62 years of LE). Conclusions During the study period (1987-2015) the gain in LE was major for males. To the reduction of mortality for CVS have contributed to the tempestuous treatment of acute CVS events and secondary CVS prevention. For TUM the result is attributable to the adherence of population to oncologic screening programmes. The excess of mortality for INF that lead to the loss of LE can be attributed to the passage from ICD-9 to ICD-10 in 2003 (higher sensibility of ICD-10) and to the diffusion of multi-drug resistant bacteria, which lead to elevated mortality in these years. Key messages The gain in LE during the period the 1987-2015 was higher in males. The major contribution to gain in LE was due to a reduction of mortality for CVS diseases.

scholarly journals Life expectancy and mortality in 363 cities of Latin America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usama Bilal ◽  
◽  
Philipp Hessel ◽  
Carolina Perez-Ferrer ◽  
Yvonne L. Michael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Latin American Countries

AbstractThe concept of a so-called urban advantage in health ignores the possibility of heterogeneity in health outcomes across cities. Using a harmonized dataset from the SALURBAL project, we describe variability and predictors of life expectancy and proportionate mortality in 363 cities across nine Latin American countries. Life expectancy differed substantially across cities within the same country. Cause-specific mortality also varied across cities, with some causes of death (unintentional and violent injuries and deaths) showing large variation within countries, whereas other causes of death (communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional, cancer, cardiovascular disease and other noncommunicable diseases) varied substantially between countries. In multivariable mixed models, higher levels of education, water access and sanitation and less overcrowding were associated with longer life expectancy, a relatively lower proportion of communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional deaths and a higher proportion of deaths from cancer, cardiovascular disease and other noncommunicable diseases. These results highlight considerable heterogeneity in life expectancy and causes of death across cities of Latin America, revealing modifiable factors that could be amenable to urban policies aimed toward improving urban health in Latin America and more generally in other urban environments.

ASSESSMENT OF THE DEPENDENCE OF THE AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY OF THE POPULATION RESIDING IN THE TULA REGION IN THE AREAS WITH A HIGH CONTENT OF HEA VYMETALS IN THE SOIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
KHROMUSHIN V.A. ◽  
◽  
VOLKOV A.V. ◽  
KHADARTSEV A.A. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Algebraic Model ◽  
Constructive Logic ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Regional Mortality

The article presents the relevance of the problem, defines the research purpose: to compare the average life expectancy of the population in the areas of the Tula region with different contents of heavy metals in the class of causes of death “Respiratory diseases ”. The authors used the data of the regional mortality register, the results of analyzes of the content of heavy metals (copper, lead, zinc, nickel) in the soil by atomic absorption spectroscopy, and the calculation of the average life expectancy by the algebraic model of constructive logic. The results indicate a decrease in average life expectancy due to the presence of heavy metals in the soil, but the average life expectancy in both contaminated and non-contaminated areas is gradually increasing.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Avoidable Mortality to the Life Expectancy Gains in Korea between 1998 and 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6499
Author(s):  
Jinwook Bahk ◽  
Kyunghee Jung-Choi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Avoidable Mortality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Factors

This study evaluated the contribution of avoidable causes of death to gains in life expectancy between 1998 and 2017 in Korea. This is a multi-year, cross-sectional study using national data. Death certificate data from 1998 to 2017 were obtained from Statistics Korea. The difference in life expectancy between 1998 and 2017 by age and cause of death were decomposed using Arriaga’s method. Life expectancy rose 7.73 years over 20 years in Korea, which was largely (more than 50%) due to changes in avoidable causes of death. As age increased, the contribution to changes in life expectancy increased, and the gain in life expectancy due to avoidable causes also tended to increase. The major factors that drove that gain in life expectancy were avoidable causes such as cerebrovascular diseases and traffic accidents. The gain in life expectancy from preventable diseases was greater in men than in women. The results of this study indicate that active public health programs have been effective in improving life expectancy in Korea. Moreover, avoidable mortality could be further improved with good public health policy. Health policy aimed at reducing amenable and preventable deaths should be further implemented to promote population health.

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