Development of Local Government in Rural Areas in the Gambia

The family education responsibilities of rural left-behind children are not fully implemented, and school education is weak, which has caused a series of problems. The education of rural left-behind children has gradually attracted people's attention. In this context, this article studies the current situation and countermeasures of rural LBC education and teaching. This article combines research methods such as questionnaire survey method and on-site interview method for research. In order to better explain the problems of local government, this article first defines the definition of local government, expounds the theory of personality development, and uses scientific sampling methods in the research process to extract research results from some rural areas in our province.了Analysis. Based on the performance of LBC and non-LBC schools, learning guidance and learning, the current situation of LBC education in China was studied. In addition, this article also studied the performance of LBC parents before and after they went abroad, and made some suggestions. The study found that before the parents went out, LBC's academic performance was mainly concentrated at the intermediate level and above, accounting for 78%. After the parents went out, LBC's academic performance decreased significantly, and the results were mainly concentrated in the intermediate and above. Below, accounting for 84%. It can be seen that the role of parents in children's growth education is essential.

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FARMERS’ PERCEPTION OF POVERTY AND WELFARE IN BOKI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i7.2018.1293 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 151-158

Author(s):

Rosemary I. Eneji ◽

Attah Frank

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Local Government Area ◽

Primary Data ◽

Social Variables ◽

Health Care Education ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross River ◽

Cross River State ◽

The Social

The worsening state of poverty among rural farmers in Nigeria’s Cross River State has attracted great concern from government and its agencies but farmers’ perception of poverty and welfare is little understood. In this study, it was determined whether and how the social variables of income, healthcare and education affect farmers’ perception of poverty and welfare in Boki Local government area. Primary data were derived from one hundred (100) respondents, randomly drawn from the study area using standard questionnaires and analysed using the chi-square technique. There was a significant direct relationship between income level, health care, education and nutrition on one hand and welfare of farmers on the other. Evidence from this field study strongly suggests that poverty alleviation programmes and infrastructural projects should be extended to rural areas for improved welfare and livelihood. However, farmers do not necessarily perceive poverty based only on the variables studied.

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Over-nutrition among primary school pupils in a semi-urban Local Government Area, South-western Nigeria

Annals of Health Research ◽

10.30442/ahr.0401-1-04 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 22-33

Author(s):

Tamra Iyabo Runsewe-Abiodun ◽

Oluwafolahan Sholeye ◽

Abiodun Alaje ◽

Olatunbosun O Olawale ◽

Olatunde Odusan

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Local Government ◽

Primary School ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Local Government Area ◽

University Education ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Primary School Pupils

Background: Studies from the developing countries suggest that childhood obesity is more prevalent in the urban settings. The search for childhood overweight/obesity (over-nutrition) needs to go beyond the urban into the semi-urban and rural areas. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of over-nutrition and the associated factor among primary school pupils in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytic study of pupils of 15 schools (10 public and 5 private) using the multistage random sampling and the proportionate sampling techniques. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaire, data on physical activity, household possessions, dietary practices and relevant physical findings were obtained. Results: A total of 422 pupils were studied; the age ranged between 18 and 192 months with a mean of 107.2 ± 36.4 months. The prevalence of Overweight/Obesity (Over-nutrition) was 6.4% with male predominance: 8.1% vs 4.4% without statistical significance (p = 0.19). Over-nutrition was significantly more prevalent among pupils aged <5 years and in the pupils of private schools (p = 0.000 and p = 0.007 respectively) and significantly related to the Dietary Diversity Score (p = 0.0001). Over-nutrition was more frequent among children whose parents had university education and were middle level civil servants without statistical significance. (p = 0.66, 0.19 respectively). Group physical activity was low in 96.3% and Food Frequency Score was poor in 87.5% of the overweight/obese pupils. Female gender, long duration of breastfeeding and delay in weaning significantly correlated with childhood over-nutrition. Conclusions: Over-nutrition is not uncommon in the semi-urban Nigerian setting. The early life feeding practices, quality of the child’s diet and physical activities appear to be important contributors to childhood over-nutrition in this setting.

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Współpraca gmin obwarzankowych na płaszczyźnie gospodarczej. Zarys problemu

Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej ◽

10.36874/riesw.2020.4.11 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 247-259

Author(s):

Lech Jańczuk

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Local Governments ◽

Research Method ◽

Rural Municipality ◽

Research Hypothesis ◽

Economic Level ◽

Urban Rural ◽

Rural Municipalities ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

There are “urban-rural municipalities” in Polish administration nomenclature. They are territorial units where urban and rural areas have one name and one local government. There are also urban and rural municipalities that have one name but different local governments. That neighborhood of municipalities in Polish may be described as “municipalities bagel”. The aim of this article was to investigate whether and to what extent the “municipalities bagel” cooperate (coordinate) the exercising public tasks on the economic level. The article attempts to verify the research hypothesis: in “municipalities bagel” there is a lack of coordination of the exercising public tasks”. The research method was a diagnostic survey in which the questionnaire was conducted. In December 2019, questionnaire forms were sent to all “municipalities bagel” in Poland. The results of the research indicated a lack of coordination in the performance of public tasks between “municipalities bagel”. The result is a reduction of the efficiency of performance of public duties in such municipalities. The “municipalities bagel” are functionally related areas. This link is characterized by the subordination of the interests of the rural municipality (especially economic). The development of bagel rural communes is determined by the development and cooperation with their urban counterparts.

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The Paradox of (De)politicisation in a Selected South African Municipality: An Afrocentric Ethical Reflection

Politeia ◽

10.25159/2663-6689/6088 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Kgothatso B. Shai

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Local Government ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Local Governance ◽

African National Congress ◽

Limpopo Province ◽

African Culture ◽

Government Administration ◽

Traditional Leadership

South Africa’s local government administration is complex in that both traditional leadership and elected municipal councils play a role in it. Traditional leadership occupies an essential position and status in local government administration, in particular in rural South Africa. However, the contemporary administrative jurisdiction of municipalities cuts across both rural and urban areas. In the rural areas, the conflict over the division of roles between traditional leaders and elected councillors is evident. Due to the influence and dominance of the neo-liberal global order, modernists often accuse traditional leadership of being undemocratic and authoritarian. However, the reality is that elected councils’ administration also leaves much to be desired, and the consequences of their poor administration are not uniformly understood. Since South Africa is a democratic state, it is expected that there should be a clear separation in government institutions between party (i.e., the ruling African National Congress) politics and public administration; a phenomenon that some describe as depoliticisation. Nevertheless, the realities on the ground suggest otherwise. This article, which is based on the theory of Afrocentricity, examines a selected rural municipality (Maruleng) in South Africa’s Limpopo province to critically reflect on the ethics and the value system of African culture in the context of local governance vis-à-vis Westernised governance principles. The aim of this research is achieved through interdisciplinary critical discourse and thematic analysis in its broadest form.

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Comparing the levels of performance of small scale local government contractors in Northern Nigeria with international practice

Engineering Construction & Architectural Management ◽

10.1108/ecam-12-2014-0155 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 588-609 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nuru Gambo ◽

Ilias Said ◽

Radzi Ismail

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Local Government ◽

Performance Management ◽

Construction Industry ◽

Rural Areas ◽

National Development ◽

Small Scale ◽

Performance Levels ◽

Content Type ◽

Government Contractors

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare the performance levels of small scale local government contractors (SSLGCs) in northern part of Nigeria with international practice. Previous studies focused attention primarily on benchmarking the performance of contractors, but were mostly conceptual rather than from empirical findings. This continuous to pose a challenge to the sustainable development of the construction industry, particularly, in developing countries like Nigeria. There is therefore a need to identify, assess and compare performance practice levels of small scale contractors. Design/methodology/approach The performance of each contractor was evaluated using a five-point Likert scale used in obtaining mean performance levels in respect to three classes of performance practices. A questionnaire survey was administered to major parties in the industry; clients, contractors and consultants who were selected by using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The contractors’ performance was compared by using ANOVA with post hoc. Findings The results indicated that the SSLGCs in Nigeria were average performers and there were effects and differences among the various contractors’ levels of performance with international practice. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to SSLGCs in northern part of Nigeria. Practical implications The study provided the criteria for evaluation of SSLGCs’ performance in Nigeria and other developing countries that faced similar problems. Social implications The study created bases for self-evaluation and competition among small scale contractors in Nigeria for the enhancement of productivity particularly in rural areas and general national development. Originality/value This study emanated from the governmental reports and past researches in the area of performance management on the persistence of the poor performance of small scale contractors in construction industry.

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Economic Development in Britain: A Vacuum in Central-Local Government Relations

Environment and Planning C Government and Policy ◽

10.1068/c040439 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 439-450 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

K Young

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Local Government ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Local Authority ◽

Central Government ◽

Local Economic Development ◽

Local Authorities ◽

Government Relations ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Employment Goals

Local authority involvement in economic matters has become widespread since the early 1970s. Recent developments in the pattern of local economic activity have been the increasing use of section 137 of the Local Government Act 1972 to fund local programmes, the spread of local authority involvement from the Assisted Areas to the more prosperous regions, and the increasing interest shown by the smaller shire districts, often in rural areas. The portfolio of possible interventions has also changed, bringing a new diversity to the practice of local economic development. Whereas central government has in the past eschewed the temptation to exercise close controls over these activities, the new diversity of local economic initiatives presents it with new dilemmas. It can no longer be assumed that such initiatives will be supportive of central government's spatial or sectoral policies. This vacuum in central-local relations is unlikely to remain, and renewed pressures to grant specific economic development powers to local authorities can be expected. If these claims are accepted, central government will be drawn inexorably into local economic affairs by the need to develop the capacity of local authorities to intervene effectively in pursuit of economic and employment goals.

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Paisagens degradadas do município de Palmelo (Goiás): o estudo das voçorocas via trabalho de campo

GeoTextos ◽

10.9771/1984-5537geo.v10i1.8980 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vandervilson Alves Carneiro ◽

Pedro Oliveira Paulo ◽

Eduardo Morais Lima Melo

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Water Table ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Landscape Degradation ◽

Detailed Case ◽

Illegal Dumping

A presente contribuição apresenta algumas considerações sobre a dinâmica dos processos de degradação da paisagem do tipo voçorocas no Município de Palmelo, Estado de Goiás, localizado na Microrregião de Pires do Rio. Através de trabalho de campo, as voçorocas localizadas em áreas rurais do município e que apresentam comprometimento do lençol freático foram devidamente mapeadas e catalogadas. Infelizmente, nota-se que as voçorocas continuam em franca expansão, pois não há nenhuma medida ou projeto que vise à contenção, à interrupção ou à redução destas voçorocas por parte do poder público local. Adicionalmente, o descarte clandestino de lixo, entulho e refugos de origens diversas continuam sendo lançados nestas estruturas, comprometendo a saúde da população rural e a qualidade do lençol freático associado. Dessa forma, o estudo de caso detalhado e pormenorizado das voçorocas, bem como sua catalogação e identificação, propõem sugestões básicas úteis para contenção e a interrupção do descarte clandestino de entulho e lixo, acidentes, quedas e mortes, bem como dirimir este importante fator de degradação da paisagem. Abstract THE DEGRADED LANDSCAPES OF THE PALMELO MUNICIPALITY IN GOIAS STATE: THE STUDY OF THE GULLIES BY MEANS OF FIELDWORK This work presents some considerations about the dynamics of degraded landscapes processes, like gullies, located in Palmelo, Goiás State, within Pires do Rio Microregion. Throughout a complete fieldwork, the gullies, in rural areas, that threat to underlying water table were mapped and cataloged. Unfortunately, one notices that gullies continually increase in size and number, mainly because there are no projects in order to restraint or reduce them promoted by local government. Besides, the illegal disposing of great amounts of waste still into the gullies, affects the quality of people’s life as well as the water table associated to them. Nevertheless, a very detailed case study of gullies, their cataloguing and identification, may help in the proposition of procedures to prevent and avoid illegal dumping of rubbish and waste, reduce the risks of accidents and eliminates these important factors of landscape degradation.

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Traditional Communication Media in Rural Information Service Delivery to Adolescents of Selected Communities in OBIO/AKPOR Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria

10.20944/preprints201807.0365.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Chidi Kalu ◽

Ijeoma Okidi ◽

Amanze Unagha ◽

Esther Chidi-Kalu

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Service Delivery ◽

Cultural Values ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Research Work ◽

Information Service ◽

Local Government Area ◽

Communication Media ◽

Rural Dwellers ◽

Rivers State

This research work examined the various communication media used in the rural areas for the purpose of conveying messages to Adolescents in the selected communities in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria - Woji, Rumuigbo, Rumuola, Rumuokwuta and Elelenwo communities. The Taro Yammane Statistical formula for determination of sample size was used in drawing a sample of 363 respondents from a population of 3,630 Adolescents. The simple random sampling method was used in the distribution of the questionnaire to target respondents in the selected communities. Two hundred and eighty two (282) copies of the questionnaire were returned valid, and data from them was analysed and interpreted with the use of frequency tables and percentages. The result shows that traditional communication media is still relevant in the dissemination of information to rural dwellers in general and to Adolescents in particular. The agencies that make use of these media are; village authority, age groups, etc. The research work recommend among others that the government and rural dwellers should hold our traditional and cultural values in high esteem through the use of these media, harmonizing the use of traditional communication media and modern media for effective rural information service delivery.

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