HA/TCP compounding of a porous CaP biomaterial improves bone formation and scaffold degradation—A long-term histological study

SummaryA 61-year-old female patient presenting with mixed connective tissue disease (Sharp syndrome), underwent a long-term high dose glucocorticoid treatment because of multiple organ manifestations. Under steroid therapy she developed severe osteoporosis resulting in multiple fractures. A dynamic [18F]fluoride PET study in this patient revealed reduced fluoride influx in non-fractured vertebrae. This finding corresponds to pathogenetic concepts which propose an inhibition of bone formation as major cause of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. In the light of the presented case it seems to be promising to evaluate the diagnostic benefit of [18F]fluoride PET in osteoporosis.

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Changes in bone metabolism associated with exposure to industrial vibration

Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology ◽

10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-766-767 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 766-766

Author(s):

A. V. Sukhova ◽

E. N. Kryuchkova

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Bone Resorption ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Local Vibration ◽

Markers Of Bone Formation

The influence of general and local vibration on bone remodeling processes is investigated. The interrelations between the long - term exposure of industrial vibration and indicators of bone mineral density (T-and Z-criteria), biochemical markers of bone formation (osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase) and bone resorption (ionized calcium, calcium/creatinine) were established.

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Optimization of a decellularization protocol of porcine tracheas. Long-term effects of cryopreservation. A histological study

The International Journal of Artificial Organs ◽

10.1177/03913988211008912 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 039139882110089

Author(s):

Lara Milian ◽

María Sancho-Tello ◽

Joan Roig-Soriano ◽

Giovanna Foschini ◽

Néstor J Martínez-Hernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Histological Study ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Elastic Fibers ◽

Appreciable Effect ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Minimal Impact ◽

Biomechanical Effect ◽

Triton X

Objective: The aim of this study was to optimize a decellularization protocol in the trachea of Sus scrofa domestica (pig) as well as to study the effects of long-term cryopreservation on the extracellular matrix of decellularized tracheas. Methods: Porcine tracheas were decellularized using Triton X-100, SDC, and SDS alone or in combination. The effect of these detergents on the extracellular matrix characteristics of decellularized porcine tracheas was evaluated at the histological, biomechanical, and biocompatibility level. Morphometric approaches were used to estimate the effect of detergents on the collagen and elastic fibers content as well as on the removal of chondrocytes from decellularized organs. Moreover, the long-term structural, ultrastructural, and biomechanical effect of cryopreservation of decellularized tracheas were also estimated. Results: Two percent SDS was the most effective detergent tested concerning cell removal and preservation of the histological and biomechanical properties of the tracheal wall. However, long-term cryopreservation had no an appreciable effect on the structure, ultrastructure, and biomechanics of decellularized tracheal rings. Conclusion: The results presented here reinforce the use of SDS as a valuable decellularizing agent for porcine tracheas. Furthermore, a cryogenic preservation protocol is described, which has minimal impact on the histological and biomechanical properties of decellularized porcine tracheas.

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Face transplantation: A longitudinal histological study focusing on chronic active and mucosal rejection in a series with long‐term follow‐up

American Journal of Transplantation ◽

10.1111/ajt.16489 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anissa Moktefi ◽

Mikael Hivelin ◽

Philippe Grimbert ◽

Maryvonnick Carmagnat ◽

Emilie Sbidian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Histological Study ◽

Face Transplantation ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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Experiments on skeletal growth and development in vitro in relation to the problem of avian phokomelia

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.1935.0052 ◽

1935 ◽

Vol 118 (807) ◽

pp. 133-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Growth ◽

Histological Study ◽

Detailed Comparison ◽

Specific Gene ◽

Body Parts ◽

Continue Development ◽

Hatching Time ◽

Stage Of Development

The experiments to be reported in the following pages were suggested by observations made by one of us on the so-called Creeper fowl. Creeper chickens are characterized by a disproportionate shortness of the long bones of the extremities. Histological study has shown that Creeper chickens belong in the same category as the disproportionate dwarfism of mammals known as chondrodystrophy or achondroplasia (Landauer, 1931) . The Creeper characters are inherited as a Mendelian dominant and are lethal in homozygous condition (Landauer and Dunn, 1930). Homozygous Creeper embryos generally die after about 72 hours of incubation, but in rare cases they survive beyond this stage and continue development up to nearly hatching time. These late stages of homozygous Creeper embryos exhibit striking malformations of the extremities which are known as phokomelia (Landauer, 1933). A study of the early embryonic development of homozygous Creeper embryos (Landauer, 1932) led to the conclusion that the effects of the Creeper mutation are not brought about by specific gene action on those body parts which later show deformities, but by a general retardation of body growth at a definite stage of development. This conclusion was strengthened by a detailed comparison of embryonic and post-natal bone growth in heterozygous Creeper and normal chickens (Landauer, 1934). All evidence which so far has been obtained in this work points to the conclusion that the characteristic traits of heterozygous as well as homozygous Creeper chicks are produced by an unspecific retardation of development at a time when formation of the buds of the extremities (and of the head which in homozygous embryos also shows deformities later on) are proceeding at a particularly rapid rate, thereby causing specific disturbances in the differentiation of these parts. It seemed to us that it should be possible to put these conclusions to an experimental test. The most promising way of approach appeared to be an attempt to produce in vitro the extreme abnormalities of bone formation shown by the extremities of phokomelic homozygous Creeper embryos. These abnormalities chiefly consist in (1) a general retardation of cartilage differentiation; (2) lack of bone formation; and (3) frequent partial fusion of ulna and radius on the one hand, tibia and fibula on the other, or presence of only one bone in these segments instead of two.

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Alveolar Bone Formation in Patients with Unilateral and Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate after Early Secondary Gingivoalveoloplasty: Long-Term Results

Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery ◽

10.1097/01.prs.0000256064.74938.72 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 119 (5) ◽

pp. 1527-1537 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Maria Costanza Meazzini ◽

Chiara Tortora ◽

Alberto Morabito ◽

Giovanna Garattini ◽

Roberto Brusati

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Long Term Results ◽

Bilateral Cleft Lip

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Functionalized Calcium Phosphate-based Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Osteoporosis

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-873-k9.2 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 873 ◽

Author(s):

Balasundaram G ◽

Sato M ◽

Webster TJ

Keyword(s):

Calcium Phosphate ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽

Bone Growth ◽

Osteoporotic Bone ◽

Amino Groups ◽

Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles ◽

Bioactive Agents ◽

Bone Growth Factor

AbstractIn an effort to decrease the number of problems associated with osteoporosis, the long-term goal of the present study is to design calcium phosphate-based nanoparticles that specifically attach to areas of low bone density and once attached, allow for the targeted release of bioactive agents that can quickly increase bone formation. Efforts are focused on nanoparticles of calcium phosphate-based materials since they are similar in size and chemistry to the major inorganic components of bone. As a first step in this research, the objective of the present study was to synthesize nanoparticles of crystalline hydroxyapatite (or HA) and amorphous calcium phosphate. Crystalline HA is stable under physiological fluids and, thus, will release embedded bioactive agents slowly. Alternatively, amorphous calcium phosphate is highly biodegradable and will, thus, release embedded bioactive agents quickly. A further objective of the present study was to functionalize such inorganic biodegradable materials with amino groups which would allow for the subsequent attachment of entities to direct such nanoparticles to osteoporotic bone and increased bone formation once attached. One promising approach to direct the nanoparticles to osteoporotic bone is to attach antibodies to pentosidine on the nanoparticles since pentosidine is present in higher amounts in osteoporotic compared to healthy bone. A promising approach to increase bone growth once nanoparticles attach to osteoporotic bone, is to embed nanoparticles with regions of the bone growth factor: bone morphogenic protein-2 (or BMP-2). Results of this study demonstrated the successful synthesis of both crystalline HA and amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles. Furthermore, results showed that these nanoparticles can be functionalized with versatile amino groups. In this manner, this study takes the first steps toward utilizing calcium phosphate based nanoparticles to reverse bone loss associated with osteoporosis.

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A Study on the Potential Role of Occlusal Fissure Fractures in the Etiopathogenesis of Equine Cheek Teeth Apical Infections

Journal of Veterinary Dentistry ◽

10.1177/0898756419894653 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 171-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Katherina Y. Wellman ◽

Padraic M. Dixon

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Methylene Blue ◽

Potential Role ◽

Histological Study ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Dental Tissue ◽

Rule Out

Thirty-nine equine cheek teeth diagnosed as having anachoretic apical infections and also having occlusal fissure fractures, but without occlusal pulpar exposure, that had been orally extracted without causing occlusal damage and 10 control teeth were used in this study. The teeth were individually imaged by computed tomography, occlusally stained with methylene blue and visually reexamined, then sectioned subocclusally at 5 mm intervals until the fissure fractures could no longer be detected. A limited histological study was then performed on 7 apically infected and 5 control teeth. Standard computed tomography only detected 1 of 39 fissure fractures. Thirteen of the 39 stained teeth had subocclusal fissure fractures visually identified at approximately 6 mm beneath the surface, and in 9 of these 13 teeth the fissure fractures had deeper staining to a level immediately above or into a pulp horn, indicating a potential route for bacterial pulpitis. However, the current study cannot rule out the possibility that the extraction process, long-term formalin storage, or the processing of teeth may have allowed for deeper staining. Additionally, methylene blue may penetrate dental tissue more readily than bacteria can invade. Further studies on the potential role of fissure fractures in the etiopathogenesis of cheek teeth apical infection are warranted.

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Rates of New Bone Formation in Patients with Crush Fracture Osteoporosis

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0630153 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 153-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J. Reeve ◽

J. R. Green ◽

R. Hesp ◽

Patricia Hulme

Keyword(s):

Bone Resorption ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Accretion Rate ◽

Positive Association ◽

Calcium Balance ◽

Tracer Technique ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

True Rate ◽

Exchange Processes

1. Calcium balances and formation rates of new bone measured with an improved tracer technique using 85Sr have been determined simultaneously in 21 patients with idiopathic osteoporosis and vertebral crush fractures. 2. A weak positive association was found between calcium balance and the kinetically measured calcium accretion rate, which is the sum of the true rate of bone formation and various long-term exchange processes. 3. The more negative balances were associated with significantly greater early loss of tracer taken up into bone by ‘accretion’, so that long-term (> 200 day) uptake was reduced. 4. This indicates that patients actively losing bone mineral have lower true rates of bone formation and higher rates of long-term exchange than their fellow patients who are more nearly in calcium equilibrium. 5. No statistically significant association was found between measured rates of bone resorption and calcium balance.

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