A new 2D model for the electrical potential in a cell stripe in thin-film solar modules including local defects

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart E. Pieters ◽  
Uwe Rau
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Local Defects ◽  
2D Model

An Ultrafast Vitrification Method for Cell Cryopreservation

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengmin Su ◽  
Nannan Zhao ◽  
Yangbo Deng ◽  
Hongbin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Thin Film Evaporation ◽  
Film Evaporation ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cryoprotective Solution ◽  
Ultrafast Cooling

Ultrafast cooling is the key to successful cell vitrification cryopreservation of lower concentration cryoprotective solution. This research develops a cell cryopreservation methodology which utilizes thin film evaporation and achieves vitrification of relatively low concentration cryoprotectant with an ultrafast cooling rate. Experimental results show that the average cooling rate of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) cryoprotective solution reaches 150,000 °C/min in a temperature range from 10 °C to −180 °C. The ultrafast cooling rate can remarkably improve the vitrification tendencies of the cryoprotective solution. This methodology opens the possibility for more successful cell vitrification cryopreservation.

An Ultra Fast Cooling Method for Cell Vitrification Cryopreservation Utilizing Thin Film Evaporation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengmin Su ◽  
Nannan Zhao ◽  
Yangbo Deng ◽  
Bohan Tian ◽  
Chunfeng Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Thin Film Evaporation ◽  
Ultra Fast Cooling ◽  
Film Evaporation ◽  
Cooling Method ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Fast Cooling ◽  
Cryoprotective Solution

Ultra-fast cooling is the key to successful cell vitrification cryopreservation of lower concentration cryoprotective solution. This research develops a cell cryopreservation methodology which utilizes thin film evaporation and achieves vitrification of relatively low concentration cryoprotectant with an ultra-fast cooling rate. Experimental results show that the average cooling rate of dimenthylsulphoxide cryoprotective solution reaches 150,000°C/min in a temperature range from 10°C to −180°C. The ultra-fast cooling rate can remarkably improve the vitrification tendencies of the cryoprotective solution. This methodology opens the possibility for more successful cell vitrification cryopreservation.

Analysis of Deformation Process of a Bubble in a Cell Model by Shock Wave for Developing Drug Delivery Systems

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Tamagawa ◽  
Ichiro Yamanoi
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Deformation Process ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Deformation Analysis ◽  
Plane Shock ◽  
Elastic Wall ◽  
A Cell ◽  
2D Model

This paper describes the trial of making microcapsules and deformation analysis of a bubble near the curved elastic wall using macro 2d model and plane shock wave. The prototype microcapsules are made by using micromanipulation systems. It is found that by controlling the initial position of a bubble from the wall and the curvature of the wall there is a point to have large deformation, which tends to be collapsed easily. This is one of the results to aid design of DDS or bioprocess for cell-integration.

In situ TEM studies of NaCl-gas reactions

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 440-441
Author(s):  
T.T. Chung ◽  
J. Dash ◽  
R.J. O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
In Situ Tem ◽  
Video Tape ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Gas Reactions

The electron microscope is an important instrument for studying the structure and morphology of particulates collected from the atmosphere, but its potential for direct observation of the interactions between atmospheric aerosols and gases has not been explored previously. A cell with thin film windows and ports to permit the passage of gases was constructed for this purpose, Fig. 1. This cell is designed for use in the tilting stage of a Hitachi HU125 TEM. The thin film windows (manufactured by E. F. Full am, Inc. (1) ) consist of a composite film of formvar and evaporated SiO on 400 mesh Cu grids.In the first experiments with this cell, particles of NaCl were collected from a modified De Vilbiss nebulizer on the lower window of the cell and observed continuously during passage through the cell of either (1) water vapor or (2) water vapor and NO2.The image was recorded continuously on video tape and intermittently on sheet film.

Theoretical and Experimental Study of Shunt Effects in Thin-film Photovoltaics

2001 ◽  
Vol 668 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Karpov ◽  
G. Rich ◽  
D. H. Rose ◽  
A. V. Subashiev ◽  
G. Dorer
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Screening Length ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Thin Film Photovoltaics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Good Agreement

ABSTRACTWe present an analytical model that quantitatively describes the physics behind shunting in thin-film photovoltaics and predicts size-dependent effects in the I/V characteristics of solar cells. The model consists of an array of micro-diodes and shunt in parallel between the two electrodes, one of which mimics the TCO and has a finite resistance. We introduce the concept of the screening length L, over which the shunt affects the electrical potential of the system. The nature of this screening is that the system generates currents in response to the point perturbation caused by the shunt. L is expressed explicitly in terms of the system parameters. We find the spatial distribution of the electrical potential in the system and its I/V characteristics. The measured I/V characteristics depend on the relationship between the cell size l and L, being markedly different for the cases of small (l<<L) and large (l>>L) cells. This model is verified experimentally; good agreement is obtained.

A Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cell: Design and Processing Approach

1997 ◽  
Vol 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhushan L. Sopori ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Jamal Madjdpour ◽  
Marta Symko
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Silicon Solar Cell ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
New Device ◽  
Thin Film Silicon ◽  
A Cell

AbstractWe present a new device structure for a high efficiency, thin-film, silicon solar cell. A preliminary design and an approach for fabrication of such a cell are discussed. The cell structure uses interface texturing and a back surface reflector for effective light trapping. A theoretical analysis is applied to determine the major parameters of the cell. These analyses indicate that a cell efficiency of about 18% is attainable with a Si film thickness of 10–15 μm, and grain size of about 50 μm. A method for making a large-grain thin cell is proposed.

scholarly journals MULTISCALE MODELING OFPSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSASWARMING

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 939-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUIJING DU ◽  
ZHILIANG XU ◽  
JOSHUA D. SHROUT ◽  
MARK ALBER
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Multiscale Model ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Reaction Diffusion Equations ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Thin Film Equation ◽  
A Cell

Experiments have shown that wild type P. aeruginosa swarms much faster than rhlAB mutants on 0.4% agar concentration surface. These observations imply that development of a liquid thin film is an important component of the self-organized swarming process. A multiscale model is presented in this paper for studying interplay of key hydrodynamical and biological mechanisms involved in the swarming process of P. aeruginosa. This model combines a liquid thin film equation, convection–reaction–diffusion equations and a cell-based stochastic discrete model. Simulations demonstrate how self-organized swarming process based on the microscopic individual bacterial behavior results in complicated fractal type patterns at macroscopic level. It is also shown that quorum sensing mechanism causing rhamnolipid synthesis and resulting liquid extraction from the substrate lead to the fast swarm expansion. Simulations also demonstrate formation of fingers (tendrils) at the edge of a swarm which have been earlier observed in experiments.

scholarly journals Parasitic Current Induced by Gate Overlap in Thin-Film Transistors

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2299
Author(s):  
Hyeon-Jun Lee ◽  
Katsumi Abe ◽  
June-Seo Kim ◽  
Won-Seok Yun ◽  
Myoung-Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Thin Film Transistors ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Semiconductor Layer ◽  
Gate Electrode ◽  
Oxide Semiconductors ◽  
Gate Electrodes ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
Degree Of Overlap

As novel applications of oxide semiconductors are realized, various structural devices and integrated circuits are being proposed, and the gate-overlay defect phenomenon is becoming more diverse in its effects. Herein, the electrical properties of the transistor that depend on the geometry between the gate and the semiconductor layer are analyzed, and the specific phenomena associated with the degree of overlap are reproduced. In the semiconductor layer, where the gate electrode is not overlapped, it is experimentally shown that a dual current is generated, and the results of 3D simulations confirm that the magnitude of the current increases as the parasitic current moves away from the gate electrode. The generation and path of the parasitic current are then represented visually through laser-enhanced 2D transport measurements; consequently, the flow of the dual current in the transistor is verified to be induced by the electrical potential imbalance in the semiconductor active layer, where the gate electrodes do not overlap.

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