Experimental Studies in Face Transplantation: Rodent Model

2011 ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Maria Z. Siemionow ◽  
Fatih Zor
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Face Transplantation

scholarly journals A minimally invasive catheter-based ultrasound technology for therapeutic interventions in brain: initial preclinical studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. E13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goutam Ghoshal ◽  
Lucy Gee ◽  
Tamas Heffter ◽  
Emery Williams ◽  
Corinne Bromfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Porcine Liver

OBJECTIVEMinimally invasive procedures may allow surgeons to avoid conventional open surgical procedures for certain neurological disorders. This paper describes the iterative process for development of a catheter-based ultrasound thermal therapy applicator.METHODSUsing an ultrasound applicator with an array of longitudinally stacked and angularly sectored tubular transducers within a catheter, the authors conducted experimental studies in porcine liver, in vivo and ex vivo, in order to characterize the device performance and lesion patterns. In addition, they applied the technique in a rodent model of Parkinson’s disease to investigate the feasibility of its application in brain.RESULTSThermal lesions with multiple shapes and sizes were readily achieved in porcine liver. The feasibility of catheter-based focused ultrasound in the treatment of brain conditions was demonstrated in a rodent model of Parkinson’s disease.CONCLUSIONSThe authors show proof of principle of a catheter-based ultrasound system that can create lesions with concurrent thermode-based measurements.

Abstract 252: Older Brains vs. Younger Brains: Effect of Cardiac Arrest on Hemodynamic Fluctuations and Neurologic Impairment in a Rodent Model

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihong Wang ◽  
Hiren R Modi ◽  
David Sherman ◽  
Nitish V Thakor ◽  
Romergryko G Geocadin
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cortical Activity ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Baseline Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Neurologic Impairment ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: The patient suffering from cardiac arrest (CA) is elderly. Numerous laboratory experimental studies of CA are based on the young rodent model. Post-CA patients are often hemodynamically unstable, hypotension is correlated with poor neurologic outcomes. To improve the clinical relevance of CA research in laboratory, we compared the effect of CA in retired breeder (RB) and young group (YG) rats. Hypothesis: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of CA on systemic arterial blood pressure and neurologic impairment outcomes in RB and YG rats. We hypothesize that RB rats will demonstrate lower mean arterial pressure (MAP) and delayed restoration of electroencephalogram (EEG) associated with neurologic recovery. Methods: Male RB Wistar rats (10-12 months, n=7) and male YG Wistar rats (2-2.5 months, n=6) were subjected to 7 min of asphyxia CA. Multiple parameters including MAP, EEG were recorded. The neurological outcomes were evaluated via neurological deficit score (NDS). Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups’ pre-arrest baseline characteristics except for the body weights (RB vs YG as 581 ± 54 vs 395 ± 9 g). This includes baseline heart rate, MAP, EEG and time to CA. After CA, RB rats showed significantly longer time to achieve return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) compared to the YG (123 ± 42 vs 81 ± 9 sec, p < 0.05). RB rats showed lower MAP post ROSC compared to YG (98.8 ± 19.0 vs 115.0 ± 16.2 mmHg, p < 0.05 during 0-30 min post ROSC). The recovery sequences of EEG post ROSC are as follows: non-detectable cortical activity (non-DCA); intermittent cortical activity (ICA); continuous cortical activity (CCA). Analysis of recovering EEG indicates a higher gamma fraction for the RB rats during CCA period (p<0.03). High gamma is a surrogate for better EEG recovery for complex cognitive function. NDS scores were no significant difference for both groups from 4 hours to 7 days post ROSC. Conclusion: It appears that older rats have slower hemodynamic recovery post ROSC compared to younger rats. The neurologic deficits are similar in both groups, but cognitive recovery by Gamma fraction seems better in RB. More study is needed to fully understand the effect of aging on the post ROSC brain.

Experimental Studies in Face Transplantation: Primate Model

2011 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Eduardo D. Rodriguez ◽  
Gerhard S. Mundinger ◽  
Rolf N. Barth ◽  
Helen G. Hui-Chou ◽  
Steven T. Shipley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Primate Model ◽  
Face Transplantation

3-D reconstruction and analysis of mammalian mitotic spindle structure

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 578-579
Author(s):  
Kent McDonald ◽  
David Mastronarde ◽  
Rubai Ding ◽  
Eileen O'Toole ◽  
J. Richard McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Mitotic Spindles ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Spindle Structure ◽  
Tissue Culture Line

Mammalian spindles are generally large and may contain over a thousand microtubules (MTs). For this reason they are difficult to reconstruct in three dimensions and many researchers have chosen to study the smaller and simpler spindles of lower eukaryotes. Nevertheless, the mammalian spindle is used for many experimental studies and it would be useful to know its detailed structure.We have been using serial cross sections and computer reconstruction methods to analyze MT distributions in mitotic spindles of PtK cells, a mammalian tissue culture line. Images from EM negatives are digtized on a light box by a Dage MTI video camera containing a black and white Saticon tube. The signal is digitized by a Parallax 1280 graphics device in a MicroVax III computer. Microtubules are digitized at a magnification such that each is 10-12 pixels in diameter.

Effects of Attachment Styles on the Experience of Equity in Heterosexual Couples Relationships

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Grau ◽  
Jörg Doll
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Equity Ratio

Abstract. Employing one correlational and two experimental studies, this paper examines the influence of attachment styles (secure, anxious, avoidant) on a person’s experience of equity in intimate relationships. While one experimental study employed a priming technique to stimulate the different attachment styles, the other involved vignettes describing fictitious characters with typical attachment styles. As the specific hypotheses about the single equity components have been developed on the basis of the attachment theory, the equity ratio itself and the four equity components (own outcome, own input, partner’s outcome, partner’s input) are analyzed as dependent variables. While partners with a secure attachment style tend to describe their relationship as equitable (i.e., they give and take extensively), partners who feel anxious about their relationship generally see themselves as being in an inequitable, disadvantaged position (i.e., they receive little from their partner). The hypothesis that avoidant partners would feel advantaged as they were less committed was only supported by the correlational study. Against expectations, the results of both experiments indicate that avoidant partners generally see themselves (or see avoidant vignettes) as being treated equitably, but that there is less emotional exchange than is the case with secure partners. Avoidant partners give and take less than secure ones.

Exneriana – II – The Scientific Legacy of John E. Exner, Jr. 1Part of this paper was presented at the XIXth International Congress of Rorschach and Projective Methods, July 22–26, 2008, Louvain, Belgium.

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Andronikof
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Response Process ◽  
Scientific Legacy ◽  
Projective Test ◽  
Projective Methods ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Complex Mechanisms

Based on an analysis of John Exner’s peer-reviewed published work from 1959 to 2007, plus a brief comment for an editorial in Rorschachiana, the author draws a comprehensive picture of the scientific work of this outstanding personality. The article is divided into three sections: (1) the experimental studies on the Rorschach, (2) the clinical studies using the Rorschach, and (3) Exner’s “testament,” which we draw from the last paper he saw published before his death (Exner, 2001/2002). The experimental studies were aimed at better understanding the nature of the test, in particular the respective roles of perception and projection in the response process. These fundamental studies led to a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms involved in the Rorschach responses and introduced some hypotheses about the intentions of the author of the test. The latter were subsequently confirmed by the preparatory sketches and documents of Hermann Rorschach, which today can be seen at the H. Rorschach Archives and Museum in Bern (Switzerland). Exner’s research has evidenced the notion that the Rorschach is a perceptive-cognitive-projective test.

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