scholarly journals Latvian Migrants in Foreign Labour Markets: Job Placement and Discrimination

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-115
Author(s):  
Aivars Tabuns
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Job Placement ◽  
Immigrant Workers ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Formal Employment ◽  
Private Employment ◽  
Employment Agencies

Abstract The majority of migrants from Latvia move abroad intending to work, and so fall into the category of ‘work migrants’. A crucial role in their job placement is played by an increasingly complex network of intermediaries. This includes formal employment agencies, more informal, social network-based mediators and even illegal service providers. Despite the agencies providing job placements abroad being subject to regulations, fraud and the mistreatment of jobseekers has emerged as a cause for concern. Even when there is no ill will from the intermediaries, immigrant workers often suffer discrimination from their employers, sometimes leading to a re-evaluation of their return migration plans. This chapter explores the employment conditions of Latvian migrant workers. It analyses the operation of private employment agencies offering employment abroad and, in more general terms, sheds light from the Latvian migrant workers’ perspective on their treatment by employers. In doing so, this analysis demonstrates that almost a fifth of those respondents who used the services of private employment agencies had experienced unfair treatment. Moreover, at least one in three Latvian migrant workers encountered some form of discrimination at work, and around one in six were in a precarious and vulnerable position due to the nature of their employment contract. The chapter concludes with recommendations for further studies and policy development.

The System Of Employing Migrant Workers In Uzbekistan Through Private Employment Agencies: An Analysis Of Existing Problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (08) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Bekzod Musaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Private Employment ◽  
Work Abroad ◽  
Employment Agencies

The consequences and reasons of the activities of private employment agencies in regulation of migration in the context of demographic, environmental, social and general legal approaches in society are studied in this article. Migrants who left Uzbekistan to work abroad for twenty-five years, their geography and its main reasons are analyzed. In the last two years, permission for private employment agencies in Uzbekistan to carry out their activities, their activity of sending migrants abroad has been based on insufficient legal and economic protection of migrants. At the same time, various specialists, skilled workers and simply passionate people (creators of their own destiny) left their homeland for political or economic reasons. Some of them leave to earn money temporarily and some leave to live in a new place. As a result, these individuals tried to find their place in another society. The activities of private employment agencies and the reasons for emigration from Uzbekistan show that only through concrete economic and legal measures Uzbekistan can protect its citizens from human trafficking and fraud.

scholarly journals TOWARDS IMPROVEMENT OF LEGISLATION IN THE FIELD OF PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT AGENCIES

Social Law ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. Pohorelova
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
International Standards ◽  
National Legislation ◽  
Employment Agency ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Private Employment ◽  
Improvement Of Legislation ◽  
Employment Agencies

In the framework of the article topical issues that need improvement in the field of activity of private employment agencies were considered. Taking into account the increasing number of cases when people could find a job thorough such agencies, particularly, migrant workers. Proper legal regulation of the activity of such workers is needed and harmonize national legislation with international legal standards. Proposals for adoption of the Law of Ukraine «On private Employment Agencies» were introduced. Also, amendments to the legislation on licensing of such agencies were proposed. Ratification of ILO Convention No. 181 “On Private Employment Agencies” will allow for universal approaches to the functioning and development of employment agencies, while providing flexibility in conjunction with the protection of workers' rights, as international standards must be adhered to when engaging with employment agencies. Ratification of the aforementioned Convention should be accompanied by improvements in the legislation in the field, in particular the development and adoption of a separate Law of Ukraine “On Private Employment Agencies” must be drafted and adopted. The necessity of adopting a separate law is conditioned by a large number of issues that need to be addressed in the field of activity of private employment agencies and not overburdened by these provisions of the Labor Code (and subsequently the new Labor Code). This Law should bring to the foremost the conceptual apparatus, in particular, regarding the concept of employment lambs. It is necessary to define clearly the concept of employment agencies, to determine the list of services that such employment agencies can provide, in particular, to define the activities of agencies, to determine the possibility of charging for services by such employment agencies and to what extent the rights and responsibilities between an employer and a private employment agency. Also, legislation on licensing of such employment agencies needs to be improved, in particular, it is not necessary to provide for a procedure for licensing employment agencies operating in Ukraine.

Agro-Innovation – Path to Agricultural Entrepreneurship: Feasibility Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Elias Kamaruzzaman ◽  
Norzaidi Mohd Daud ◽  
Samsudin Wahab ◽  
Rozhan Abu Dardak
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Cost ◽  
Technology Changes ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
The Government ◽  
Agricultural Entrepreneurship

Technology changes will always be for the better, not only to the end users but also to the intellectual property owners of the technology and the implementers of the technology. The objective of this paper is to study the feasibility and viability for entrepreneurs to become service providers for the dispensation of fertilizers, pesticides, fungicides and supporting services such as aerial crop reconnaissance using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) or drones. The methodology used for this study is SWOT Analysis. Both primary and secondary data is used for this analysis. This study finds that paddy farming employing drones is feasible. The beneficiaries of this study shall be the government, by way of lowering financial cost to subsidise the paddy planting, the farmers who no longer need the services of migrant workers, thus saving production cost, and finally the drone service providers and their downstream business associates who can engaged themselves in very lucrative businesses.

Sustainable Social Entrepreneurship through Innovation diffusing Traditional Knowledge with Innovation: Case Study of Pottery Art in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambalika Sinha ◽  
Divya Rai
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Formal Employment ◽  
Marketing Intervention

India a massive country in terms of employment conditions and majority of human resources are involved in unorganized sectors but are more vulnerable in compare to other types of formal employment. Upliftment of these sector will results in increased economic conditions of population as well as it will fetch for foreign currency. This paper emphasizes on technological as well as marketing intervention in one of the art form i.e. Pottery which is at verge of extinction. Slight modifications in these will pave a long better way for development.

scholarly journals Influence of Employment Conditions and Length of Residence on Adherence to Dietary Recommendations in Immigrant Workers in Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikram Benazizi ◽  
Elena Ronda-Pérez ◽  
Rocío Ortíz-Moncada ◽  
José Martínez-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Immigrant Workers ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Sugary Drinks

The objective of this article is to analyze the influence of employment conditions on adherence to dietary recommendations among those born in Spain and immigrants by their time of residence. Data were used from the Platform of Longitudinal Studies of Immigrant Families (PELFI) cohort (n = 215) to compare Spaniards and immigrants with <14 and >14 years of residence. The questionnaire on frequency of food consumption (15 items) was used to measure adherence to dietary recommendations. Logistic regression models were used, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and employment conditions. Adherence to dietary recommendations was greater among Spaniards, followed by immigrants with >14 years of residence and <14 years of residence. The greatest adherence among Spaniards was for eggs (immigrants ≥ 14 years: 1/ORa = 2.89, <14 years: 1/ORa = 3.92), fish (immigrants ≥ 14 immigrants: 1/ORa = 2.33, <14 years: 1/ORa = 4.72), vegetables (immigrants ≥ 14 years: 1/ORa = 3.26, <14 years: 1/ORa = 4.87), dairy products (immigrants ≥ 14 years: 1/ORa = 14.34, <14 years: 1/ORa = 26.78), and sugary drinks (immigrants ≥14 years: 1/ORa = 2.12, <14 years: 1/ORa = 3.48), and the lowest adherence was for the consumption of sausages and cold cuts (immigrants ≥ 14 years: Ora = 7.62, <14 years: ORa = 24.65). Adjusting for sociodemographic and employment conditions variables did not result in variation in the observed differences between Spaniards, immigrants with <14 years of residence, and immigrants with >14 years of residence.

scholarly journals Who Are the Key Players Involved with Shaping Public Opinion and Policies on Obesity and Diabetes in New Zealand?

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1592
Author(s):  
Willemijn de Bruin ◽  
Cherie Stayner ◽  
Michel Lange ◽  
Rachael Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Health Service Providers ◽  
Beverage Industry ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity

There is an urgent need for strategic approaches to address the high prevalence of obesity and diabetes in New Zealand. Such approaches rely strongly on input from multiple actors in the diabetes and obesity policy space. We conducted a social network analysis to identify influential actors involved with shaping public opinion and/or policy regarding obesity and diabetes in New Zealand. Our analysis revealed a diverse network of 272 individuals deemed influential by their peers. These individuals represented nine professional categories, particularly academics (34%), health service providers (22%), and government representatives (17%). The network included a total of 17 identified decision-makers. Relative capacity of professional categories to access these decision-makers was highest for representatives of the food and beverage industry (25%), compared with nongovernment organisations (9%) or academics (7%). We identified six distinct brokers, in academic (n = 4), government (n = 1), and nongovernmental (n = 1) positions, who could play a key role in improving communication and networking activities among all interest groups. Such actions should ultimately establish effective networks to foster evidence-based policy development to prevent and reduce the burden of diabetes and obesity.

Issues, Claims and Concerns of Different Stakeholders of Healthcare Systems

2008 ◽  
pp. 792-802
Author(s):  
Herwig Ostermann ◽  
Bettina Staudinger ◽  
Magdalena Thöni ◽  
Roland Staudinger
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Health Service Providers ◽  
Economic Well Being

Adopting a holistic sociotechnical perspective, healthcare systems do not merely exhibit complex structures and functionalities but are also affected by the differing expectations, claims, and concerns of the systems’ stakeholders (Guba & Lincoln, 1989; Haux, Winter, & Ammenwerth, 2004). Furthermore, the issues addressed at healthcare systems are not limited to the concerns and requirements of health service providers, whose primary and most fundamental concerns in general terms represent the assurance of their own economic well-being and ability to proactively operate as well as the development of sustainable strategies in order to realize their own interests whatever they may be (Carsten, Hankeln, & Lohmann, 2004; Kappler, 1994). Furthermore, the objectives of other health systems stakeholders such as hospital operators and financiers as well as (health) politicians, which may well be in contradiction to the objectives of mere health service providers, have to be incorporated when systematically analyzing healthcare systems (Horev & Babad, 2005; Peltier, Kleimenhagen, & Neidu, 1996; Staudinger, 2004a ).

scholarly journals “The lottery of my life”: Migration trajectories and the production of precarity among Bangladeshi migrant workers in Singapore's construction industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Baey ◽  
Brenda S. A. Yeoh
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Host Society ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Migration Industry

Within the scholarship on precarity, low-waged contract-based migrants are recognized as centrally implicated in precarious employment conditions at the bottom of neoliberal capitalist labor markets. Precarity as a socially corrosive condition stems from both the multiple insecurities of the workplace as disposable labor, and a sense of deportability as migrant subjects with marginal socio-legal status in the host society. Our study of Bangladeshi construction workers in Singapore contributes to refining understandings of precarity by approaching labor migration as a cumulative, intensively mediated process, whereby risks and vulnerabilities are compounded across different sites in migrants’ trajectories, even as they enact themselves as mobile, aspiring subjects. As a condition-in-the-making, precarity is experienced and compounded, through a continuum beginning in pre-migration indebtedness, multiplying through entanglements with the migration industry, and manifesting in workplace vulnerabilities at destination. It is most finely balanced when predictability and planning yield to arbitrary hope.

Journalistic Organizations: Arenas for Professional and Symbolic Struggles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Le Cam
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Social Role ◽  
National Level ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
General Terms ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 19Th Century

From the end of the 19th century until the present, journalists have created associations, trade unions, clubs, and major international networks to organize workers, defend their rights, set out their duties, establish rules of good conduct, and structure their professional journalistic skills. These journalistic organizations are central actors in the history of the professionalization of journalistic groups around the world. They have enabled journalists to make their demands public, exchange views with journalists from other countries, and sometimes even promote and achieve legal recognition of their profession. In general terms, they have provided journalists with fora to discuss their working conditions, their profession, and the social role of the media and journalism. In this way, they have helped to structure not only discourses and practices, but also networks of solidarity at both national and international levels. These organizations can exist in different arenas: within media companies, at the national level, or internationally. And, despite their variety over time, they have often pursued similar objectives: protect journalists’ pay and employment conditions and status; conceive strategies to maintain a certain form of autonomy in authoritarian political contexts; nourish international networking ambitions that have made it possible to disseminate ways of doing and thinking journalism; and finally generate a set of actions that aims to defend the ethics of journalism, the quality of news, and the lives of journalists.

scholarly journals A New Approach to Regulating Temporary Agency Work in Ontario or Back to the Future?

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah F. Vosko
Keyword(s):  
Employment Relationship ◽  
Employment Services ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Temporary Agency Work ◽  
The Future ◽  
Employment Standards ◽  
Private Employment ◽  
Temporary Help ◽  
Triangular Employment Relationship ◽  
Employment Agencies

In 2009, the province of Ontario, Canada adopted the Employment Standards Amendment Act (Temporary Help Agencies) partly in response to public concern over temporary agency workers’ limited access to labour protection. This article examines its “new” approach in historical and international context, illustrating that the resulting section of the Employment Standards Act (ESA) reflects continuity through change in its continued omissions and exclusions. The article begins by defining temporary agency work and describing its significance, explaining how it exemplifies precarious employment, partly by virtue of the triangular employment relationship at its heart. Next it traces three eras of regulation, from the early 20th to the early 21st centuries: in the first era, against the backdrop of the federal government’s forays into regulation through the Immigration Act, Ontario responded to abusive practices of private employment agencies, with strict regulations, directed especially at those placing recent immigrants in employment. In the second era, restrictions on private employment agencies were gradually loosened, resulting in modest regulation; in this era, there was growing space for the emergence of “new” types of agencies providing “employment services,” including temporary help agencies, which carved out a niche for themselves by targeting marginalized social groups, such as women. The third era was characterized by the legitimization of private employment agencies and, in particular, temporary help agencies, both in a passive sense by government inaction in response to growing complexities surrounding their operation, and in an active sense by the repeal of Ontario’s Employment Agencies Act in 2000. Despite a consultative process aimed, in the words of Ontario’s then Minister of Labour, at “enhanc [ing] protections for employees working for temporary help agencies,” the new section of the ESA adopted in 2009 reproduces outdated approaches to regulation through its omissions and exclusions; specifically, it focuses narrowly on temporary help agencies rather than including an overlapping group of private employment agencies with which they comprise the employment services industry and its denial of access to protection to workers from a particular occupational group (i.e., workers placed by a subset of homecare agencies otherwise falling within the definition of “assignment employees”). Highlighting the importance of looking back in devising new regulations, the article concludes by advancing a more promising approach for the future that would address more squarely the triangular employment relationship as the basis for extending greater protection to workers.

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