Combining Reactivity Test, Isothermal Calorimetry, and Compressive Strength Measurements to Study Conventional and Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials

2019 ◽  
pp. 445-454
Author(s):  
Sivakumar Ramanathan ◽  
Prannoy Suraneni ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Hongyou Shan ◽  
Amir Hajibabaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Isothermal Calorimetry ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Reactivity Test

scholarly journals Concrete Pavement Mixtures with High Supplementary Cementitious Materials Content: Volume 3

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ley ◽  
◽  
Zane Lloyd ◽  
Shinhyu Kang ◽  
Dan Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Particle Distribution ◽  
Isothermal Calorimetry ◽  
Content Volume ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Performance Predictions ◽  
Automated Scanning

Fly ash is a by-product of coal combustion, made up of particles that are collected through various methods. This by-product has been used successfully as a partial Portland cement replacement in concrete, but the performance predictions of fly ash in concrete have been difficult to predict, especially at high fly ash replacement rates. This study focuses on comparing the performance of concrete with a variety of fly ash mixtures as well as the particle distribution and chemical makeup of fly ash. The slump, unit weight, compressive strength, and isothermal calorimetry tests were used to measure the performance of concrete at 0%, 20%, and 40% fly ash replacement levels. The particle distribution of fly ash was measured with an automated scanning electron microscope. Additionally, the major and minor oxides from the chemical makeup of fly ash were measured for each mixture and inputted into a table. The particle distribution and chemical makeup of fly ash were compared to the performance of slump, unit weight, compressive strength, isothermal calorimetry, and surface electrical resistivity.

scholarly journals Mechanically activated mine tailings for use as supplementary cementitious materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
Sivakumar Ramanathan ◽  
Priyadarshini Perumal ◽  
Mirja Illikainen ◽  
Prannoy Suraneni
Keyword(s):  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Isothermal Calorimetry ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
Amorphous Content ◽  
Milling Duration ◽  
Median Particle

Two mine tailings are evaluated for their potential as supplementary cementitious materials. The mine tailings were milled using two different methods – ball milling for 30 minutes and disc milling for durations ranging from 1 to 15 minutes. The modified R3 test was carried out on the mine tailings to quantify their reactivity. The reactivity of the disc milled tailings is greater than those of the ball milled tailings. Strong correlations are obtained between milling duration, median particle size, amorphous content, dissolved aluminum and silicon, and reactivity of the mine tailings. The milling energy results in an increase in the fineness and the amorphous content, which do not appreciably increase beyond a disc milling duration of 8 minutes. The reactivity increases significantly beyond a certain threshold fineness and amorphous content. Cementitious pastes were prepared at 30% supplementary cementitious materials replacement level at a water-to-cementitious materials ratio of 0.40. No negative effects of the mine tailings were observed at early ages in cement pastes based on isothermal calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, demonstrating the potential for these materials to be used as supplementary cementitious materials.

scholarly journals Utilization of tailings in cement and concrete: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 449-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mifeng Gou ◽  
Longfei Zhou ◽  
Nathalene Wei Ying Then
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Cement And Concrete

AbstractOne of the advantages of cement and the cement concrete industry in sustainability is the ability to utilize large amounts of industrial solid wastes such as fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag. Tailings are solid wastes of the ore beneficiation process in the extractive industry and are available in huge amounts in some countries. This paper reviews the potential utilization of tailings as a replacement for fine aggregates, as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in mortar or concrete, and in the production of cement clinker. It was shown in previous research that while tailings had been used as a replacement for both fine aggregate and cement, the workability of mortar or concrete reduced. Also, at a constant water to cement ratio, the compressive strength of concrete increased with the tailings as fine aggregate. However, the compressive strength of concrete decreased as the replacement content of the tailings as SCMs increased, even whentailings were ground into smaller particles. Not much research has been dedicated to the durability of concrete with tailings, but it is beneficial for heavy metals in tailings to stabilize/solidify in concrete. The clinker can be produced by using the tailings, even if the tailings have a low SiO2 content. As a result, the utilization of tailings in cement and concrete will be good for the environment both in the solid waste processing and virgin materials using in the construction industry.

scholarly journals Study of Hydration and Microstructure of Mortar Containing Coral Sand Powder Blended with SCMs

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4248
Author(s):  
Xingxing Li ◽  
Ying Ma ◽  
Xiaodong Shen ◽  
Ya Zhong ◽  
Yuwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Limestone Powder ◽  
Chemical Effect ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Coral Sand

The utilization of coral waste is an economical way of using concrete in coastal and offshore constructions. Coral waste with more than 96% CaCO3 can be ground to fines and combined with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) such as fly ash, silica fume, granulated blast furnace slag in replacing Portland cement to promote the properties of cement concrete. The effects of coral sand powder (CSP) compared to limestone powder (LSP) blended with SCMs on hydration and microstructure of mortar were investigated. The result shows CSP has higher activity than LSP when participating in the chemical reaction. The chemical effect among CSP, SCMs, and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) results in the appearance of the third hydration peak, facilitating the production of carboaluminate. CSP-SCMs mortar has smaller interconnected pores on account of the porous character of CSP as well as the filler and chemical effect. The dilution effect of CSP leads to the reduction of compressive strength of OPC-CSP and OPC-CSP-SCMs mortars. The synergic effects of CSP with slag and silica fume facilitate the development of compressive strength and lead to a compacted isolation and transfer zone (ITZ) in mortar.

Suitability of Cordia millenii Ash Blended Cement in Concrete Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusola Emmanuel Babalola ◽  
Paul O. Awoyera
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Concrete Control

Supplementary cementitious materials are most needed to enhance a sustainable development in poor communities. It is pertinent to investigate the suitability of such alternative materials for construction. The present study evaluates the strength characteristics of concrete made with varied proportion of Cordia millenii ash blended with Portland cement. Chemical composition of Cordia millenii and the setting time when blended with cement was determined. Other laboratory tests performed on Cordia millenii blended cement include: sieve analysis and specific gravity. Five replacement percentages of Cordia millenii (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) were blended with cement in concrete. Control specimens were also produced with only cement. Tests to determine the workability, air entrained, bulk density and compressive strength properties of the concrete were also conducted. Results obtained revealed that optimum Cordia millenii mix is 10%, which yielded the highest density and compressive strength in the concrete.

Linking reactivity test outputs to properties of cementitious pastes made with supplementary cementitious materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 103742
Author(s):  
Sivakumar Ramanathan ◽  
Mahipal Kasaniya ◽  
Montale Tuen ◽  
Michael D.A. Thomas ◽  
Prannoy Suraneni
Keyword(s):  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Reactivity Test

Modified Plasters for Restoration and Finishing Works

2014 ◽  
Vol 923 ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myroslav Sanytsky ◽  
Tetiana Kropyvnytska ◽  
Roman Kotiv
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Hydration Products ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
White Portland Cement

The paper is devoted to the research and development of modified plasters for restoration and finishing works based on decorative multicomponent cements containing white Portland cement and supplementary cementitious materials (silica fume, metakaolin and fine ground limestone). This cements are similar to Roman cement by their chemical composition. The use of optimal granulometry of decorative multicomponent cements provide directed formation of microstructure of the cement matrix with the formation of stable hydration products. Compositions of modified plasters by the criterions of workability and compressive strength were designed. Physico-chemical modification of plaster by complex air-entraining admixture allows to obtain high-quality modified plasters with improved quality parameters.

scholarly journals Effect of Fibre Hybridisation on Mechanical Properties of Cementitious Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1573-1579
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Steel Fibres ◽  
The Matrix

Conventional cement based composites have constituent materials such as Portland cement, supplementary cementitious materials, fine sand, super-plasticizer and water. To achieve high performance, these composites needs high cement content in it which will cause high cost of production. Addition of supplementary cementitious materials as partial substitutes for cement will help in reducing the cost. In this study, a pre-characterized mix proportion of cementitious composite, in which 30% of cement was substituted with lime powder. To enhance the ductility of the composite, the matrix is reinforced with 2% (by volume of composite) of crimped steel fibres. Further, hybridisation of metallic and non-metallic fibres is done in this study to bring the self-weight of the mix down and to reduce the chances of degradation due to the corrosion of fibres. Fibre hybridisation was done by replacing 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% by volume of steel fibres with poly propylene (PP) fibres. The characterisation of the fibre reinforced composites was done by assessing their workability by conducting flow test, compressive strength test, split tensile strength test, flexure test and low velocity impact test. It was observed that, the mix with 100% of steel fibres replaced with PP fibres exhibited better workability. It was also observed that, compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of rupture and impact resistance were maximum for the mix reinforced with steel fibre alone and the strengths got reduced gradually due to hybridisation of fibres. Based on the requirement of strength, a combination of steel and PP fibres can be used for reinforcing the matrix, which will help in improving ductility, reducing self-weight. By this, the matrix can be made more resistant to corrosion and can be used in structures especially in the marine environment.

scholarly journals Static Hardness Testing of Cement Mortars Containing Different Types of Recycled Construction Waste Powders

Solids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-340
Author(s):  
Zoltán Gyurkó ◽  
Rita Nemes
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Indentation Test ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Depth Sensing ◽  
Static Hardness ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Aerated Concrete

The present paper deals with the hardness of cement mortars prepared with recycled materials that are potential supplementary cementitious materials (SCM). Two potential SCMs (aerated concrete powder (ACP) and concrete powder) were investigated and compared with a reference (neat cement) sample and a sample containing metakaolin (MK). The long-term performance of the mortars was studied up to the age of one year. Based on the compressive strength tests at different ages, neither concrete powder nor ACP significantly decreases the compressive strength at a 10% substitution ratio. The samples were studied with two types of static hardness tests: the Brinell hardness test and the depth sensing indentation test at two different load levels. The hardness test results indicated that the standard deviation of the results is lower at a higher load level. In the case of metakaolin and concrete powder, the change in the compressive strength was observable in the hardness test results. However, in case of the ACP, the compressive strength decreased, while the hardness increased, which can be traced back to the filler effect of aerated concrete powder. Finally, using the DSI test, the hardness results were analyzed on an energy basis. The analysis highlighted that the change in the hardness is connected to the elastic indentation energy, while it is independent from the dissipated (plastic) indentation energy.

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