The article presents the results of the study of materials collected by A.P. Farafontov and reflecting the folk Orthodox culture of the Russian population of Transbaikalia and the Amur region of the early 20th century. A.P. Farafontov (1889, Troitskosavsk - 1958, San Francisco) is a Russian emigrant enthusiast: ethnographer, naturalist, taxidermist, writer; member of the Russian Geographical Society, The Society for the Study of the Manchurian Region. The collected data (signs, charms, life stories, past occurrences, tales, riddles) were written down by A.P. Farafontov during an expedition from Harbin to the Trans-Baikal resort of Shivanda (1916) and published in the Harbin scientific journal “Monitor of Asia” with a conceptual foreword by P.V. Shkurkin. The first part of the collection - “Among the Russian people” - is of particular interest to researchers. Its value is in fixing the local ethno-religious tradition of the Russian population of the Far Eastern frontier (Transbaikalia and the Amur region), based on folk Orthodoxy with the inclusion of elements of religious cults of local peoples (Buryats, Chinese, Nanais, Udege, etc...