scholarly journals Socio-economic and Ethnic Segregation in the Greater Paramaribo Region, Suriname

2021 ◽  
pp. 491-505
Author(s):  
Kimberley Fung-Loy ◽  
Anton Van Rompaey
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Dissimilarity Index ◽  
Economic Segregation ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Caribbean

AbstractIncome inequality has steadily increased in Suriname and it is considered to be at one of the highest levels in the Caribbean. This chapter analyses socio-economic and ethnic segregation between 2004 and 2012 in the Greater Paramaribo Region in Suriname. To investigate the link between income inequality and socio-economic segregation, occupation is used as a proxy for socio-economic status. The Dissimilarity Index is used to evaluate the level of segregation between different socio-economic and ethnic groups. The link between ethnicity and socio-economic status is also analysed. Results show that the highest level of socio-economic segregation exists between the higher socio-economic group (top occupational categories) and the lower socio-economic group (bottom occupational categories). It was also found that even though the Region is ethnically diverse, different ethnic groups tend to concentrate in different neighbourhoods. These segregated ethnicities are in turn linked to the higher and lower level socio-economic groups.

scholarly journals Income Inequality, Socio-Economic Status, and Residential Segregation in Greater Cairo: 1986–2006

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-69
Author(s):  
Abdelbaseer A. Mohamed ◽  
David Stanek
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Dissimilarity Index ◽  
Economic Segregation ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Settlement Type ◽  
Greater Cairo ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Greater Cairo Region

AbstractGreater Cairo is a primate, monocentric metropolis with significant socio-economic disparities among its population and neighborhoods. This chapter examines the relationship between income inequality, the welfare regime, centralized governance, settlement type, housing policies, occupational status, and socio-economic segregation. Using data from the 1986, 1996, and 2006 censuses, we report the dissimilarity index to demonstrate the distribution of residents in the Greater Cairo Region by occupational status, we show patterns of socio-economic segregation based on the distribution of the population by categories of occupations across census tracts and employ the location quotient to compare the concentration of the top/bottom groups in each census tract relative to the city average. The results show that growing economic inequality does not necessarily result in greater socio-economic segregation. The results also suggest that social class contributes to residential clustering. While the poorer strata of the Greater Cairo Region were pushed to the periphery and the older urban core, affluent inhabitants were more likely to settle voluntarily in segregated enclaves to isolate themselves from the general population.

Evaluation of Socio-Economic Conditions of Coldwater Fish Farmers: A Case Study of Sikkim

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Gini Coefficients ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The People

ABSTRACT The study analyses the socio-economic status, degree of income inequality and perceived socio-economic conditions of the fish farmers of the four districts of Sikkim. A total sample size of 200 fish farmers was selected from the four districts depending upon the presence of the number of farmers in each district. Purposive random sampling method was used and the results were analysed from descriptive statistics such as frequency count and percentages. The degree of income inequality was analysed through Gini coefficients. The factors that determined the perceived socio-economic living conditions were analysed with a logistic regression model. The socio-economic status of the people was found to be in good condition and there were not many variations among the fish farmers of different districts. Most of the respondents had pucca houses with the combination of firewood and LPG as a source of cooking fuel and also had access to basic amenities like electricity, drinking water and sanitation facilities in the households. The study also found that income inequality was not so severe amongst the fish farmers of the three districts except for the East district which had the strongest income inequality. The per capita income, housing condition and ratio of above primary education to total members had a significant impact on the perceived living conditions of the fish farmers. Keywords

Inequality and crime in Latin America

2020 ◽  
pp. 713-745
Author(s):  
Catalina Droppelmann Roepke ◽  
Nicolás Trajtenberg
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Socio Economic Status

In the field of criminology social inequality has long been theorized to be associated with crime. This issue has been extensively studied and empirical research has shown that income inequality and low socio-economic status are positively associated with crime perpetration and victimization. Latin America constitutes a particularly interesting case study to analyse the association between crime and inequality. Simultaneously, it is considered to be one of the most unequal and violent regions on the planet. Therefore, it might be tempting to conclude that inequality must play a major role in the explanation of this region’s high levels of crime and violence. While this possibility cannot be rejected, the overall goals of this chapter are to analyse and discuss this complex relationship, focusing not only on how inequality might explain crime and violence, but also on how criminal justice institutions stigmatize, label, and reproduce social inequalities and social exclusion.

Turkish-Style Segregation

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ela Ataç
Keyword(s):  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
The West ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Economic Segregation ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Shed Light

Research into social and spatial segregation in urban areas has a very long tradition in the Anglo-Saxon geography. Even after the 2000s only a few researchers have turned to the non-Western countries to understand and explain segregation in different geographies. As a country in-between the East and the West, in Turkey, where segregation reveals itself in many forms there are very few studies dealing directly with the question of segregation. The article thus deems it crucial to shed light on a rarely-known geography in terms of residential and socio-economic segregation practices focusing on a larger Anatolian geography. Key findings show that as far as residential segregation is concerned among socio-economic status groups, Turkish cities have a characteristic pattern where the highest and the lowest status groups never share a common border in urban areas. But, it is also seen that socio-economic groups behind this common pattern exhibit completely different characteristics.

Relationships between Verbal and Non-Verbal Abilities for Migrant Children and Australian Children of Low Socio-Economic Status: Similarities and Contrasts

1975 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen T. Evans ◽  
Millicent E. Poole
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Mental Ability ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Verbal Abilities ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Mean

Previous research indicates that mean patterns of mental ability show striking differences between different ethnic groups. In this paper, some salient features of information processing on which there are likely to be differences between children of Australian born parents of low SES and children of migrant parents are discussed. An empirical study of these differences is described. The mean performance of the migrant children studied compared with children of low SES Australian born parents was found to be related to the balance between verbal and cognitive aspects of the task. The greater the cognitive demand for a given verbal requirement the better the performance of the migrant children relative to the children in the “Australian” group. Further, the intercorrelations between performances were found to be markedly different for the two groups. The results suggest that migrant children in particular may benefit from teaching which emphasises the pragmatic use of language to indicate desired discriminations and concepts.

Career beliefs, aspirations and after-school activities: The effects of socio-economic status and ethnicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Nikki Storey
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
After School ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Career Beliefs ◽  
School Activities ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Extra Curricular Activities ◽  
Religion And Ethnicity ◽  
Support Students

This study examines the career beliefs of students from an ethnically diverse state school in London using an adapted short version of the 'Careers Beliefs Patterns Scale' (Arulmani, Van Laar & Easton, 2003, p.199). Results suggest that ethnicity had a much lower impact than socio-economic status on students' career beliefs and aspirations, whilst religion and ethnicity had a substantial influence on participation in extra-curricular activities. Recommendations include working with parents to create programmes which support students from lower socio-economic status backgrounds and communicating with religious organisations regarding ways that employability skills can be developed within their youth programmes.

scholarly journals Aspects of Dental Anxiety at Children of Different Ethnicities

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (27) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Ramona Vlad ◽  
Monica Monea ◽  
Eleonora Mircia ◽  
Adriana Mihai
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
The Family

Objectives: The aim of our study is to identify the differences in how the dental act is perceived among children of different ethnic groups. For this purpose, we started from the hypothesis that the degree of child anxiety at the dentist can be influenced by the socio-economic status of the family of origin. Material and methods: A sample of 115 school children, including 40 Romanian children, 36 Hungarian children and 39 Roma children, aged between 8-9 years old, were interviewed. We have chosen these three ethnic groups to see if there are differences in the perception of the dental act. In terms of psychological method, the questionnaire, the semi-structured interview, and the demonstration were used. Results: The results showed that most children of the Romanian and Hungarian groups had been to the dentist, whereas only 48.71% of the Roma children had been there. The highest degree of anxiety is manifested by the Roma children. There are no significant differences in this study between the answers of Romanian children and Hungarian children regarding the degree of anxiety in the dental office. Conclusions: The study confirmed the hypothesis that the degree of child anxiety at the dentist is influenced by the socio-economic status of the family of origin. When the socio-economic level is low, parents do not go to the dental office for treatment or prevention and this behaviour is passed on to children.

scholarly journals Income Inequality and Household Labor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Schneider ◽  
Orestes P Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Consumer Expenditure ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
Remarkable Change ◽  
American Time Use Survey ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Domestic Outsourcing

Income inequality has increased dramatically in the United States since the mid 1970s. This remarkable change in the distribution of household income has spurred a great deal of research on the social and economic consequences of exposure to high inequality. However, the empirical record on the effects of income inequality is mixed. In this paper, we suggest that previous research has generally overlooked a simple but important pathway through which inequality might manifest in daily life: inequality shapes the ability of women to outsource domestic labor by hiring others to perform it. One important venue where such dynamics might then manifest is in time spent on housework and in particular in the time divide in housework between women of high and low socio-economic status. We combine micro-data from the 2003-2013 American Time Use Survey with area-level data on income inequality to show the class divide in housework time between women with a college degree and from high earning households and women of lower socio-economic status is wider in more unequal places. We further assess whether this gap can be explained by domestic outsourcing by combining micro-data from the 2003-2013 Consumer Expenditure Survey with area-level inequality and show that the gap in spending for household services between households of high and low socio-economic status also increases in contexts of higher inequality.

scholarly journals Major dietary patterns in relation to demographic and socio-economic status and food insecurity in two Iranian ethnic groups living in Urmia, Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 3337-3348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arezoo Rezazadeh ◽  
Nasrin Omidvar ◽  
Hassan Eini-Zinab ◽  
Mahmoud Ghazi-Tabatabaie ◽  
Reza Majdzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
North West ◽  
Socio Economic Status

AbstractObjectiveTo identify major dietary patterns and their association with socio-economic status (SES) and food insecurity in two major ethnic groups living in Urmia, north-west Iran.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingAll four geographical zones of Urmia city.SubjectsParticipants (n 723; 427 women and 296 men), aged 20–64 years, from two ethnic groups (445 Azeri Turks and 278 Kurds).ResultsThree major dietary patterns were extracted: ‘Traditional High SES’ (THS), ‘Traditional Low SES’ (TLS) and ‘Transitional’. After adjusting for confounders, the THS pattern was positively associated with education level and negatively associated with moderate or severe food insecurity in Azeri Turks; whereas, among Kurds, it was more common in women and positively associated with age. The TLS pattern was more common among men and negatively associated with educational level and all levels of food insecurity in Azeris; while, among Kurds, it was more common among men, positively associated with being married and negatively associated with household income/capita. The ‘Transitional’ pattern was positively associated with being employed and negatively associated with age and all levels of food insecurity in Azeris; while, among Kurds, it was more common among men and negatively associated with age, being married and physical activity level.ConclusionsFindings suggest that household SES and food insecurity are associated with detrimental dietary patterns and that this effect may be stronger than cultural and ethnic background. These patterns differ by age and gender. Therefore, such characteristics should be considered in planning and formulating diet-related policies and programmes.

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