Mass Transport by Waves: Bath-Metal Interface Deformation, Rafts Collision and Physical Model

We report a cyclic growth/retraction phenomena observed for saline droplets placed on a cured poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) membrane with a thickness of 7.8 ± 0.1 µm floating on a pure water surface. Osmotic mass transport across the micro-scaled floating PDMS membrane provided the growth of the sessile saline droplets followed by evaporation of the droplets. NaCl crystals were observed in the vicinity of the triple line at the evaporation stage. The observed growth/retraction cycle was reversible. A model of the osmotic mass transfer across the cured PDMS membrane is suggested and verified. The first stage of the osmotic growth of saline droplets is well-approximated by the universal linear relationship, whose slope is independent of the initial radius of the droplet. The suggested physical model qualitatively explains the time evolution of the droplet size. The reported process demonstrates a potential for use in industrial desalination.

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Models of Thermodynamic Properties of Prominences

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100065799 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 349-355

Author(s):

R.W. Milkey

Keyword(s):

Thermodynamic Properties ◽

Mass Transport ◽

Emission Spectrum ◽

Thermodynamic Parameters ◽

Working Group ◽

Physical Processes ◽

Theoretical Concepts ◽

Group 3 ◽

Observational Techniques

The focus of discussion in Working Group 3 was on the Thermodynamic Properties as determined spectroscopically, including the observational techniques and the theoretical modeling of physical processes responsible for the emission spectrum. Recent advances in observational techniques and theoretical concepts make this discussion particularly timely. It is wise to remember that the determination of thermodynamic parameters is not an end in itself and that these are interesting chiefly for what they can tell us about the energetics and mass transport in prominences.

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The oxidation of Inconel alloy MA754 at low oxidation potential

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100074884 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 218-219

Author(s):

D. N. Braski ◽

P. D. Goodell ◽

J. V. Cathcart ◽

R. H. Kane

Keyword(s):

Surface Layer ◽

Oxidation Potential ◽

Metal Interface ◽

Elevated Temperature Strength ◽

Surface Conditions ◽

Inconel Alloy ◽

Inco Alloy ◽

Resistance To Oxidation ◽

Oxide Particles ◽

Cold Worked

It has been known for some time that the addition of small oxide particles to an 80 Ni—20 Cr alloy not only increases its elevated-temperature strength, but also markedly improves its resistance to oxidation. The mechanism by which the oxide dispersoid enhances the oxidation resistance is being studied collaboratively by ORNL and INCO Alloy Products Company.Initial experiments were performed using INCONEL alloy MA754, which is nominally: 78 Ni, 20 Cr, 0.05 C, 0.3 Al, 0.5 Ti, 1.0 Fe, and 0.6 Y2O3 (wt %).Small disks (3 mm diam × 0.38 mm thick) were cut from MA754 plate stock and prepared with two different surface conditions. The first was prepared by mechanically polishing one side of a disk through 0.5 μm diamond on a syntron polisher while the second used an additional sulfuric acid-methanol electropolishing treatment to remove the cold-worked surface layer. Disks having both surface treatments were oxidized in a radiantly heated furnace for 30 s at 1000°C. Three different environments were investigated: hydrogen with nominal dew points of 0°C, —25°C, and —55°C. The oxide particles and films were examined in TEM by using extraction replicas (carbon) and by backpolishing to the oxide/metal interface. The particles were analyzed by EDS and SAD.

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Preparation of cross-sectional samples for near-surface TEM studies

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010012669x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 380-381

Author(s):

R.C. Dickenson ◽

K.R. Lawless

Keyword(s):

Standard Sample ◽

Surface Region ◽

Specimen Preparation ◽

Thick Sheet ◽

Drill Bit ◽

Sample Holder ◽

Metal Interface ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Near Surface ◽

Cold Worked

In thermal oxidation studies, the structure of the oxide-metal interface and the near-surface region is of great importance. A technique has been developed for constructing cross-sectional samples of oxidized aluminum alloys, which reveal these regions. The specimen preparation procedure is as follows: An ultra-sonic drill is used to cut a 3mm diameter disc from a 1.0mm thick sheet of the material. The disc is mounted on a brass block with low-melting wax, and a 1.0mm hole is drilled in the disc using a #60 drill bit. The drill is positioned so that the edge of the hole is tangent to the center of the disc (Fig. 1) . The disc is removed from the mount and cleaned with acetone to remove any traces of wax. To remove the cold-worked layer from the surface of the hole, the disc is placed in a standard sample holder for a Tenupol electropolisher so that the hole is in the center of the area to be polished.

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A microscopic marker experiment study on high temperature oxidation of Ni-Al alloy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100144085 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 514-515

Author(s):

Shou-kong Fan

Keyword(s):

Transport Mechanism ◽

High Temperature Oxidation ◽

Transverse Section ◽

Al Alloy ◽

Metal Interface ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Temperature Oxidation ◽

Analytical Electron ◽

Microscopic Studies ◽

First Time

Transmission and analytical electron microscopic studies of scale microstructures and microscopic marker experiments have been carried out in order to determine the transport mechanism in the oxidation of Ni-Al alloy. According to the classical theory, the oxidation of nickel takes place by transport of Ni cations across the scale forming new oxide at the scale/gas interface. Any markers deposited on the Ni surface are expected to remain at the scale/metal interface after oxidation. This investigation using TEM transverse section techniques and deposited microscopic markers shows a different result,which indicates that a considerable amount of oxygen was transported inward. This is the first time that such fine-scale markers have been coupled with high resolution characterization instruments such as TEM/STEM to provide detailed information about evolution of oxide scale microstructure.

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Simulation of Seismic Wave Propagation on Asteroid Ryugu Induced by The Impact Experiment of The Hayabusa2 Mission: Limited Mass Transport by Low Yield Strength of Porous Regolith

Journal of Geophysical Research Planets ◽

10.1029/2020je006594 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

G. Nishiyama ◽

T. Kawamura ◽

N. Namiki ◽

B. Fernando ◽

K. Leng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wave Propagation ◽

Yield Strength ◽

Mass Transport ◽

Seismic Wave ◽

Seismic Wave Propagation ◽

Impact Experiment ◽

Limited Mass ◽

The Impact

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MASS TRANSPORT AT THE LASERGLAZING OF METALS

Le Journal de Physique Colloques ◽

10.1051/jphyscol:1984264 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 45 (C2) ◽

pp. C2-285-C2-288

Author(s):

I. B. Borovskii ◽

D. D. Gorodskii ◽

I. M. Sharafeev

Keyword(s):

Mass Transport

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EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF CAR PROPERTIES ON A PHYSICAL MODEL

Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny ◽

10.33868/0365-8392-2019-4-260-10-16 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 10-16

Author(s):

Oleksii Timkov ◽

Dmytro Yashchenko ◽

Volodymyr Bosenko

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Remote Control ◽

Physical Model ◽

Model Experiment ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Short Term ◽

Motor Current ◽

Memory Card ◽

The Mathematical Model

The article deals with the development of a physical model of a car equipped with measuring, recording and remote control equipment for experimental study of car properties. A detailed description of the design of the physical model and of the electronic modules used is given, links to application libraries and the code of the first part of the program for remote control of the model are given. Atmega microcontroller on the Arduino Uno platform was used to manage the model and register the parameters. When moving the car on the memory card saved such parameters as speed, voltage on the motor, current on the motor, the angle of the steered wheel, acceleration along three coordinate axes are recorded. Use of more powerful microcontrollers will allow to expand the list of the registered parameters of movement of the car. It is possible to measure the forces acting on the elements of the car and other parameters. In the future, it is planned to develop a mathematical model of motion of the car and check its adequacy in conducting experimental studies on maneuverability on the physical model. In addition, it is possible to conduct studies of stability and consumption of electrical energy. The physical model allows to quickly change geometric dimensions and mass parameters. In the study of highway trains, this approach will allow to investigate the various layout schemes of highway trains in the short term. It is possible to make two-axle road trains and saddle towed trains, three-way hitched trains of different layout. The results obtained will allow us to improve not only the mathematical model, but also the experimental physical model, and move on to further study the properties of hybrid road trains with an active trailer link. This approach allows to reduce material and time costs when researching the properties of cars and road trains. Keywords: car, physical model, experiment, road trains, sensor, remote control, maneuverability, stability.

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